Ōba, Oba, Ooba or Ohba (written: 大場, 大庭 or 大葉) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

• Akira Oba (大場 啓, born 1976), Japanese footballer
• Emiko Ohba (大場 恵美子), Japanese table tennis player
• Hideo Ohba (大庭 英雄, 1910–1986), Japanese aikidoka and judoka
• Ōba Kagechika (大庭 景親, died 1180), Japanese samurai
• Kenji Oba (大場 健史, born 1967), Japanese footballer
• Kenji Ohba (大葉 健二, born 1955), Japanese actor
• Mahito Ōba (大場 真人, born 1961), Japanese voice actor and narrator
• Masao Ohba (大場 政夫, 1949–1973), Japanese boxer
• Mina Ōba (大場 美奈, born 1992), Japanese singer and actress
• Minako Oba (大庭 みな子, 1930–2007), Japanese writer and social critic
• Miyabi Oba (大庭 雅, born 1995), Japanese figure skater
• Noriyoshi Ohba (大場 規勝), Japanese video game designer
• Saichi Oba (大場 佐一), Japanese submarine commander
• Sakae Ōba (大場 栄, 1914–1992), Imperial Japanese Army officer
• Seiichi Oba (大場 清悦, born 1973), Japanese basketball player and executive
• Shōgyo Ōba (大場 松魚, 1916–2012), Japanese maki-e lacquer artist
• Shota Oba (大場 翔太, born 1985), Japanese baseball player
• Tsugumi Ohba (大場 つぐみ), Japanese manga artist