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1985 saw many sequels and prequels in video games, such as Super Mario Bros. and Kung Fu, along with new titles such as Commando, Duck Hunt, Gauntlet, Ghosts 'n Goblins, Gradius, Hang-On, Space Harrier, Tetris and The Way of the Exploding Fist. The year's highest-grossing arcade video games were Hang-On and Karate Champ in the United States, and Commando in the United Kingdom. The year's best‑selling home system was the Nintendo Entertainment System (Famicom) for the second year in a row, while the year's best‑selling home video game was Super Mario Bros.
Financial performance
In the United States, annual home video game sales fell to $100 million ($270 million adjusted for inflation) in 1985.[1] Meanwhile, the arcade game industry began recovering in 1985.[2][3][4]
Highest-grossing arcade games
Japan
In Japan, the following titles were the top-grossing arcade video games on the bi-weekly Game Machine charts in 1985.
| Month | Table arcade cabinet | Upright/cockpit arcade cabinet | Ref | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Title | Points | Title | Points | ||
| January | Spartan X (Kung-Fu Master) | 17.39 | TX-1 V8 | 16.1 | [5][6] |
| February | 14.61 | 15 | [7][8] | ||
| March | Samurai Nipponichi | 16.22 | 13.13 | [9][10] | |
| April | Return of the Invaders | 13.26 | 14.84 | [11][12] | |
| May | I'm Sorry | 14.58 | 14.43 | [13][14] | |
| June | Senjō no Ōkami (Commando) | 14.55 | Wyvern F-0 | 16.07 | [15][16] |
| July | Ping Pong King | 16.22 | TX-1 V8 | 14.96 | [17][18] |
| August | Sandlot Baseball | 16.56 | Hang-On | 28.28 | [19][20] |
| September | 13.91 | 37.96 | [21][22] | ||
| October | Exciting Hour | 15.39 | 37.05 | [23][24] | |
| November | Choplifter | 15.59 | 35.58 | [25][26] | |
| December | ASO: Armored Scrum Object | 14.1 | 33.8 | [27][28] | |
United Kingdom and United States
In the United Kingdom and United States, the following titles were the highest-grossing arcade games of 1985.
| Rank | United Kingdom | United States | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Play Meter | RePlay[29] | AMOA[30][31][32] | |||||
| Title | Type | Arcade | Route/Street | Video | |||
| 1 | Commando[33] | Hang-On[4] | Karate Champ | Dedicated | Nintendo VS. System | Karate Champ | Spy Hunter |
| 2 | Unknown | Unknown | Kung-Fu Master | Dedicated | Kung-Fu Master, Karate Champ, Pac-Land, Pole Position II |
English Mark Darts, Crowns Golf, Yie Ar Kung-Fu, Kung-Fu Master |
Kung-Fu Master, Pole Position, Trivia Master, Karate Champ |
| 3 | Unknown | Unknown | Commando | ||||
| 4 | Unknown | Unknown | Yie Ar Kung-Fu | Conversion | |||
| 5 | Unknown | Unknown | Hogan's Alley | System | |||
| 6 | Unknown | Unknown | Excitebike | System | Unknown | ||
| 7 | Unknown | Unknown | Pole Position, Spy Hunter |
Dedicated | |||
| 8 | |||||||
Best-selling home systems
| Rank | System(s) | Manufacturer | Type | Generation | Sales | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Japan | USA | UK[34] | Worldwide | |||||
| 1 | Nintendo Entertainment System / Famicom | Nintendo | Console | Third | 6,500,000[35] | 90,000[36] | — | 6,590,000 |
| 2 | Commodore 64 (C64) | Commodore | Computer | 8-bit | Unknown | 1,000,000[37] | Unknown | 2,500,000[38] |
| 3 | IBM Personal Computer (PC) / IBM PCjr | IBM | Computer | 8-bit / 16-bit | — | — | — | 1,400,000[39] |
| 4 | Atari 2600 | Atari | Console | Second | — | — | — | 1,000,000[37] |
| 5 | Apple II | Apple Inc. | Computer | 8-bit | — | — | — | 900,000[38] |
| 6 | Commodore 128 | Commodore | Computer | 8-bit | — | — | — | 500,000[37] |
| 7 | NEC PC-88 / PC-98 | NEC | Computer | 8-bit / 16-bit | 430,000[40][41] | Unknown | Unknown | 430,000+ |
| 8 | ZX Spectrum | Sinclair | Computer | 8-bit | — | Unknown | 390,000 | 390,000+ |
| 9 | Sega SG-1000 / Mark III (Master System) | Sega | Console | Third | 280,000[42] | — | — | 280,000+ |
| 10 | Amstrad CPC / Amstrad PCW | Amstrad | Computer | 8-bit | — | Unknown | 250,000 | 250,000+ |
Best-selling home video games
Japan
The year's best-selling game was Super Mario Bros. for the Family Computer (Famicom), later known as the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) outside Japan. The game sold 2.5 million copies and grossed more than ¥12.2 billion ($72 million at the time, or $196 million adjusted for inflation) within several months.[43] It eventually sold 3 million cartridges by the end of 1985.[44]
Game Machine magazine reported that more than ten Famicom games released between 1983 and 1985 had each sold over 1 million cartridges in Japan by the end of 1985.[45] The Magic Box lists fourteen Famicom games released between 1983 and 1985 that crossed 1 million lifetime sales in Japan.[46] At least 11 of the following 14 Famicom million-sellers released between 1983 and 1985 crossed 1 million sales in Japan by the end of 1985.
| Title(s) | Publisher | Sales | Ref | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Super Mario Bros. | Nintendo | 3,000,000 | [44] | |
| 4 Nin Uchi Mahjong | Baseball | Nintendo | Unknown | [46][45] |
| Excitebike | F1 Race | |||
| Golf | Kung Fu | |||
| Mahjong | Mario Bros. | |||
| Soccer | Tennis | |||
| Kinnikuman: Muscle Tag Match | Bandai | |||
| Xevious | Namco | |||
| Lode Runner | Hudson Soft | |||
United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, the following titles were the top ten best-selling home video games of 1985, according to the annual Gallup software sales chart. The top ten titles were all home computer games.[47]
| Rank | Title | Developer | Publisher | Genre | Sales |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The Way of the Exploding Fist | Beam Software | Melbourne House | Fighting | 500,000 (Europe)[48] |
| 2 | Soft Aid | Various | Quicksilva | Compilation | Unknown |
| 3 | Elite | Acornsoft | Acornsoft | Space trading | |
| 4 | Ghostbusters | Activision | Activision | Action | |
| 5 | Finders Keepers | Mastertronic | Mastertronic | Platformer | |
| 6 | Frank Bruno's Boxing | Elite Systems | Elite Systems | Fighting (boxing) | |
| 7 | Commando | Capcom | Elite Systems | Run-and-gun shooter | |
| 8 | Formula 1 Simulator | Spirit Software | Mastertronic | Racing | |
| 9 | Daley Thompson's Decathlon | Ocean Software | Ocean Software | Sports (Olympics) | |
| 10 | Impossible Mission | Epyx | U.S. Gold | Platformer |
Fighting games topped the UK software sales charts for two years in a row in the mid-1980s, with The Way of the Exploding Fist in 1985 and then the home computer conversions of Yie Ar Kung-Fu in 1986.[49]
United States
In the United States, the Software Publishers Association (SPA) began tracking home computer game sales in 1985. The following fourteen computer games received Gold Awards from the SPA for sales above 100,000 units in 1985 (but below the 250,000 units required for a Platinum Award).
Events
- August – The final issue of Electronic Games magazine is published.
Major awards
- The Way of the Exploding Fist won Game of the Year at the third Golden Joystick Awards (for best home computer game),[52] and received the "Voted Best Game" award at the Saturday Superstore Viewer Awards.[53]
- The sixth Arcade Awards are held, for games released during 1983–1984, with Star Wars winning best arcade game, Space Shuttle best console game, Ultima III: Exodus best computer game, and Zaxxon best standalone game.
- In Computer Gamer magazine's Game of the Year Awards, Elite won best home computer game of the year (with The Way of the Exploding Fist as runner-up) and Commando won best coin-op game (with Paperboy as runner-up).[54]
Business
- New companies: Cinemaware. Codemasters, Square Co., Titus, Tradewest, Westwood Studios
- Defunct: Adventure International, Bug-Byte, Edu-Ware, RDI Video Systems
- David Mullich and several other laid-off employees from Edu-Ware form Electric Transit, the first company to join Electronic Arts' new affiliated publisher program.
Notable releases
Games
- Arcade
- January – Konami releases Yie Ar Kung-Fu, which lays the foundations for modern fighting games.[55]
- March – Tehkan releases Gridiron Fight, an American football sports game featuring the use of dual trackball controls.
- April – Atari Games releases Paperboy with a controller modeled after bicycle handlebars,
- May – Namco releases Metro-Cross.
- May – Konami releases Gradius in Japan (called Nemesis elsewhere).
- May – Capcom releases Commando, a vertically-scrolling on-foot shooter which inspires many games with similar themes and gameplay.
- July – Namco releases Baraduke (Alien Sector in the US).
- July – Sega releases Hang-On by Yu Suzuki and AM2. It is the first of Sega's Super Scaler games.[56][57] Its motorbike cabinet is controlled using the body, starting a "Taikan" ("to feel in the body") trend of motion controlled hydraulic cabinets in arcades some two decades before motion controls become popular on video game consoles.[58]
- August – Atari Games releases Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom as the first System 1 game to feature digitized speech from the 1984 movie. Gameplay involves Indy freeing children from cages, whipping thugee guards and bats, an exciting minecar chase, a temple scene and a drawbridge scene.
- September 19 – Capcom releases Ghosts 'n Goblins, originally titled Makaimura in Japan. It was one of the most popular arcade games of the year, and went on to spawn a series of later games.
- September 20 – Namco releases Motos.
- October – Atari Games releases Gauntlet. Based on the lesser known Atari 8-bit game Dandy, Gauntlet is highly profitable, letting players insert additional quarters for more health.
- December – Sega releases Space Harrier by Yu Suzuki and AM2. It further develops the pseudo-3D sprite-scaling graphics of Hang-On and uses an analog flight stick for movement.
- December – Namco releases Sky Kid, a side-scrolling shooter allowing two players simultaneously.
- Tehkan releases Tehkan World Cup, which lays the foundations for association football/soccer games with an above view of the field.[59]
Computer
- Alexei Pajitnov creates Tetris for the Electronika 60 in the Soviet Union.
- Strategic Games Productions creates At the Gates of Moscow 1941 for the Apple II.
Console
| NES | Nintendo Entertainment System | SMS | Sega Master System | Int | Intellivision |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PC | Personal Computer | G&W | Game and Watch | Arc | Arcade |
| SG | SG-1000 | 2600 | Atari 2600 |
| Release | Title [60] | Consoles |
|---|---|---|
| NES
JP: February 4 NA: October 18 Arcade: 1985 PC: October |
Ice Climber | NES, Arc, PC |
| March | Excitebike (NA Release) | Arc |
| Arcade:
JP: March 1 NA: April EU: August NES NA: October 18 |
Hogan's Alley | NES, Arc |
| Arcade:
EU: Q1 1985 NES: JP: June 21 NA: October 18 PC: December |
Kung Fu | NES, Arc, PC |
| PC:
April NES: December 19 |
Thexder | PC, NES (Japan only) |
| NES:
JP: April 9 NA: October 18 |
Soccer | NES |
| April 23 | Where in the World is Carmen Sandiego? | PC |
| NES:
JP: June 18 NA: October 18 Arcade: 1985 |
Wrecking Crew | NES, Arc |
| September 9 | Battle City | NES (Japan only) |
| NES:
JP: September 13 NA: October 18 |
Super Mario Bros. | NES |
| September 16 | Ultima IV: Quest of the Avatar | PC |
| October 18 | Wild Gunman | NES (US release) |
| October 18 | Tennis | NES (NA release) |
| October 18 | Stack-Up | NES |
| October 18 | Pinball | NES (NA release) |
| October 18 | Gyromite | NES |
| October 18 | Golf | NES (NA release), Arc (EU release) |
| October 18 | Excitebike (NA Release) | NES |
| October 18 | Duck Hunt (NA release) | NES |
| October 18 | Clu Clu Land | NES, Arc |
| October 18 | Baseball | NES |
| October 18 | 10-Yard Fight | NES |
| October 27 | Dragon Slayer II: Xanadu | PC |
| November | Hydlide II: Shine of Darkness | PC |
| 1985 | Racing Destruction Set | PC |
| 1985 | Roller Coaster | PC |
| 1985 | Starquake | PC |
| 1985 | Tau Ceti | PC |
| 1985 | The Oregon Trail | PC |
| 1985 | Mercenary | PC |
| 1985 | Clues'o' | PC |
Hardware
North American release of the Nintendo Entertainment System
- Arcade
- July – Sega releases the Space Harrier arcade hardware (also known as Sega Hang-On), the first of Sega's "Super Scaler" arcade system boards that allow pseudo-3D sprite-scaling at high frame rates.[61] It displays 6144 colors on screen out of a 32,768 color palette.
- Namco begins development on the Namco System 21 around this time,[62] as the first arcade board dedicated to 3D polygon graphics.
- Computer
- January – Commodore releases their final 8-bit computer, the Commodore 128.
- June – Atari Corporation releases the 520ST, the first personal computer with a bit-mapped, color GUI.
- July 23 – Commodore releases the Amiga 1000 personal computer, the first in the Amiga family. It was not widely available until 1986.
- Atari replaces previous models in the Atari 8-bit family with the 65XE and 130XE, the latter of which has 128K bank-switched RAM.
- Discontinued: Coleco Adam, VIC-20
- Console
- July 26 – Nintendo releases the Family Computer Robot, a peripheral for their Family Computer (Famicom) home video game console, in Japan.
- October 18 – the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) home video game console, the export version of the Famicom, is launched for a limited test market in the United States, along with the R.O.B. (Robotic Operating Buddy) peripheral.
- October 20 – the Sega Mark III home video game console is launched in Japan.
- INTV Corporation releases the INTV III console.
- Telegames releases the Dina, a ColecoVision clone.
- Discontinued: ColecoVision
See also
References
- ↑ Lindner, Richard (1990). Video Games: Past, Present and Future; An Industry Overview. United States: Nintendo of America.
- ↑ "Coin-Op history – 1975 to 1997 – from the pages of RePlay". RePlay. 1998. Archived from the original on April 28, 1998. Retrieved April 21, 2021.
- ↑ "Special Report: Tom Petit (Sega Enterprises)". RePlay. Vol. 16, no. 4. January 1991. pp. 80, 82.
- 1 2 "1985". Play Meter. Vol. 20, no. 13. December 1994. p. 74.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 252. Amusement Press, Inc. January 15, 1985. p. 27.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 253. Amusement Press, Inc. February 1, 1985. p. 25.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 254. Amusement Press, Inc. February 15, 1985. p. 23.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 255. Amusement Press, Inc. March 1, 1985. p. 21.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 256. Amusement Press, Inc. March 15, 1985. p. 21.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 257. Amusement Press, Inc. April 1, 1985. p. 25.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 258. Amusement Press, Inc. April 15, 1985. p. 19.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 259. Amusement Press, Inc. May 1, 1985. p. 21.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 260. Amusement Press, Inc. May 15, 1985. p. 21.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 261. Amusement Press, Inc. June 1, 1985. p. 23.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 262. Amusement Press, Inc. June 15, 1985. p. 25.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 263. Amusement Press, Inc. July 1, 1985. p. 25.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 264. Amusement Press, Inc. July 15, 1985. p. 29.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 265. Amusement Press, Inc. August 1, 1985. p. 25.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 266. Amusement Press, Inc. August 15, 1985. p. 21.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 267. Amusement Press, Inc. September 1, 1985. p. 25.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 267. Amusement Press, Inc. September 15, 1985. p. 21.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 268. Amusement Press, Inc. October 1, 1985. p. 31.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 269. Amusement Press, Inc. October 15, 1985. p. 25.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 270. Amusement Press, Inc. November 1, 1985. p. 23.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 271. Amusement Press, Inc. November 15, 1985. p. 21.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 272. Amusement Press, Inc. December 1, 1985. p. 23.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 273. Amusement Press, Inc. December 15, 1985. p. 25.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 274. Amusement Press, Inc. January 1, 1986. p. 34.
- ↑ "1985 Operator Survey: This Poll Says Go Gettum!". RePlay. Vol. 11, no. 2. November 1985. pp. 91-102 (93-4).
- ↑ "AMOA Expo '85: 1985 AMOA Award Nominees". RePlay. Vol. 11, no. 2. November 1985. pp. 62, 64, 66.
- ↑ "AMOA Expo '85: Award Winners". RePlay. Vol. 11, no. 3. December 1985. p. 44.
- ↑ "Springsteen Sweeps JB Awards" (PDF). Cash Box. November 23, 1985. p. 39.
- ↑ "Commando: Soldier of Fortune". Your Sinclair. No. 1. January 1986. p. 54.
- ↑ "Sinclair retains clear market lead in 1985". Popular Computing Weekly. Vol. 5, no. 6. February 6, 1986.
- ↑ Morrison, Mike (1994). The Magic of Interactive Entertainment. Sams Publishing. p. 47. ISBN 978-0-672-30456-9.
Despite the bleak picture in the home video game industry, Nintendo's Famicom system sold more than 6.5 million units in Japan in 1985.
- ↑ Pollack, Andrew (September 27, 1986). "Video Games, Once Zapped, In Comeback". The New York Times. A1. Retrieved November 2, 2015.
- 1 2 3 Halfhill, Tom R. (April 1986). "A Turning Point For Atari?". Compute!. No. 71. pp. 30-41 (30-4).
- 1 2 Reimer, Jeremy (December 15, 2005). "Total share: 30 years of personal computer market share figures". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on June 7, 2012. Retrieved November 27, 2021.
- Jeremy Reimer (December 7, 2012). "Total Share: Personal Computer Market Share 1975-2010". Jeremy Reimer.
- ↑ Dixon, Bradford N. (May 1986). "Pulse Train: Fine Times in Fort Worth" (PDF). 80 Micro. No. 76. pp. 21–2.
- ↑ Methe, David; Mitchell, Will; Miyabe, Junichiro; Toyama, Ryoko (January 1998). "Overcoming a Standard Bearer: Challenges to NEC's Personal Computer in Japan". Research Papers in Economics (RePEc): 35 – via ResearchGate.
- ↑ Juliussen, Egil; Juliussen, Karen (1990). The Computer Industry Almanac 1991. Pearson P T R. pp. 10–47, 10–48. ISBN 978-0-13-155748-2.
- ↑ Tanaka, Tatsuo (August 2001). Network Externality and Necessary Software Statistics (PDF). Statistics Bureau of Japan. p. 2.
- ↑ "Japan Quarterly". Japan Quarterly. Asahi Shinbun: 296. 1986.
Nevertheless, Nintendo can claim among its successes Japan's current game best seller, Super Mario Brothers. Introduced in September 1985, sales of the ¥4,900 game soared to 2.5 million copies in just four months, generating revenues of more than ¥12.2 billion (about $72 million).
- 1 2 "The Yoke". The Yoke. Yokohama Association for International Communications and Exchanges (9–25). 1985.
"Super Mario Brothers" is one of the family computer games which is enjoying huge popularity among the children of Japan. More than three million of these games have been sold.
- 1 2 "Overseas Readers Column: "Super Mario Bros." Boom Bringing Best Selling Book" (PDF). Game Machine. No. 275. Amusement Press, Inc. January 15, 1986. p. 24.
- 1 2 "Japan Platinum Chart Games". The Magic Box. Archived from the original on October 17, 2012. Retrieved April 6, 2021.
- ↑ "News Desk: Exploding Fist tops Gallup 1985 charts". Popular Computing Weekly. March 20, 1986. p. 4.
- ↑ "NG Alphas: Melbourne House". Next Generation. No. 33. Imagine Media. September 1997. p. 116.
- ↑ "Yie Ar tops charts for 1986". Popular Computing Weekly. February 12, 1987. p. 6.
- ↑ Petska-Juliussen, Karen; Juliussen, Egil (1990). The Computer Industry Almanac 1990. New York: Brady. pp. 3.10–11. ISBN 978-0-13-154122-1.
- ↑ Petska-Juliussen, Karen; Juliussen, Egil (1990). The Computer Industry Almanac 1990. New York: Brady. pp. 3.12–13. ISBN 978-0-13-154122-1.
- ↑ "Golden Joystick Awards". Computer and Video Games. EMAP (55): 90. May 1986.
- ↑ "Thank you from The Home of the Hits!". Popular Computing Weekly. January 30, 1986. p. 7.
- ↑ "Game of the Year Awards". Computer Gamer. No. 11. February 1986. pp. 13–5.
- ↑ GameCenter CX - 1st Season, Episode 09. Retrieved on September 19, 2009
- ↑ "Lou's Pseudo 3d Page".
- ↑ "The Disappearance of Yu Suzuki: Part 1 from 1UP.com". www.1up.com. Archived from the original on November 13, 2013. Retrieved January 11, 2022.
- ↑ "The Disappearance of Yu Suzuki: Part 1 from 1UP.com". www.1up.com. Archived from the original on November 13, 2013. Retrieved January 11, 2022.
- ↑ "Tehkan World Cup - Videogame by Tehkan". Arcade-museum.com. Retrieved February 28, 2013.
- ↑ "NES Games" (PDF). Nintendo. June 11, 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 11, 2014. Retrieved June 14, 2021.
- ↑ IGN Presents the History of SEGA: World War, IGN
- ↑ "Commodore User Magazine Issue 72". September 1989.
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