Ohio State University attack
Part of terrorism in the United States
Police presence on the OSU campus, view from Curl Market
LocationOhio State University, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.
Coordinates40°00′12″N 83°00′39″W / 40.003198°N 83.010850°W / 40.003198; -83.010850
DateNovember 28, 2016 (2016-11-28)
9:52 a.m.[1] (EST)
Attack type
Mass stabbing, vehicular assault
Weapons
Deaths1 (the perpetrator)
Injured13 (11 directly, 1 by stray gunfire, 1 unknown injury)
PerpetratorAbdul Razak Ali Artan
MotiveIslamist terrorism inspired by terrorist propaganda[3]

On November 28, 2016, a terrorist vehicle-ramming and stabbing attack occurred at 9:52 a.m. EST at Ohio State University's Watts Hall in Columbus, Ohio. The attacker, Somali refugee Abdul Razak Ali Artan, was shot and killed by the first responding OSU police officer, and 13 people were hospitalized for injuries.

Authorities began investigating the possibility of the attack being an act of terrorism. On the next day, law enforcement officials stated that Artan was inspired by terrorist propaganda from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) and the late radical Muslim cleric Anwar al-Awlaki. Amaq News Agency released a statement claiming the attacker responded to an ISIL call to attack coalition citizens, though there is no evidence of direct contact between the group and Artan.

Background

There had been high concerns from federal law enforcement officials about car ramming and stabbing attacks being encouraged by online extremist propaganda due to the relative ease of committing them compared to bombings.[4] In the weeks prior to the incident, ISIL had been urging its followers to copy a car ramming attack in Nice, France, that killed 86 people.[5]

Earlier that year in February, a man attacked patrons at the Nazareth Restaurant in Columbus, wounding four before being shot and killed by responding police officers. About seven months later, a mass stabbing occurred at the Crossroads Center shopping mall in St. Cloud, Minnesota. During the attack, a Somali refugee stabbed and injured nearly a dozen people before also being fatally shot by police. Both incidents were investigated as possible acts of terrorism.[6][7][8] There had also been a number of recently foiled ISIL-inspired terror plots or intents to travel to the Middle East to fight for ISIL, in which the perpetrators all originated from Ohio.[9]

In the week prior to the attack, the perpetrator, Abdul Razak Ali Artan, traveled to Washington, D.C., and purchased a knife at a Home Depot there. The day before the attack, Artan bought a second knife at a Walmart in Columbus. Investigators have not determined whether either knife was used in the attack, but were particularly suspicious of Artan traveling to the U.S. capital, roughly 400 miles (640 km) from Columbus by car, to buy a knife.[10]

Attack

The courtyard outside Watts Hall, where the attack took place
An identical silver Honda Civic, involved in the terror attack

According to the chairman of the OSU Department of Materials Science and Engineering headquartered at Watts Hall, students told him that someone called in a fluorine leak in the building, which has lab facilities. As required during emergencies, the students congregated in the courtyard outside the building. At 9:52 a.m.,[1] the attacker drove a Honda Civic into the courtyard, deliberately striking several pedestrians, including emeritus professor William Clark,[11][12] before crashing into a brick wall.[13][14][15][16]

As people rushed in to help the injured,[17] the assailant got out of the car, armed with a butcher knife, "let out a war cry" according to one witness, and began attacking students.[14][18] One student described a man with a knife, "chasing people around trying to attack them."[1] Another witness recounted that the attacker did not say anything as he stabbed people.[16] At one point, Anderson Payne, a U.S. Army veteran who was helping people struck by the Honda Civic, grabbed the attacker's knife and ducked under his arm in order to escape, but was unable to disarm him and had his hand slashed in the process.[17] A student injured during the attack described seeing people screaming and fleeing before she encountered the assailant, who said "I'm going to kill you" and then slashed her left arm.[18] The attacker was shot and killed by police within two minutes of the attack starting.[2]

Initial reports had stated that there was an active shooter incident.[19] At 9:54 a.m. EST, OSU sent out an emergency notification asking students to shelter in place.[20] At 10:19 a.m. EST, police reported that the attacker had been killed by an officer after failing to comply with the officer's orders to put down his weapon.[2][21][22] An academic adviser who witnessed the attack described seeing the assailant charge at police, who fired and shot him multiple times.[16]

The scene was declared secure and the shelter in place order was lifted on the OSU campus at around 11:30 a.m. EST.[23] However, subsequent Twitter posts indicated the order may have been lifted prematurely and that at least one building was still on lockdown at 12:23 p.m. EST.[24]

A fluorine leak at Watts Hall was determined by authorities to have been unrelated to the attack.[25]

Victims

Thirteen people were injured in the attack.[26] Eleven of them were injured directly by the attacker; most of them were struck by his vehicle, at least two suffered stab wounds, and one victim had a fractured skull. A twelfth person was shot in the foot by a stray bullet fired by Officer Horujko, while a thirteenth person was treated for unspecified injuries.[7][27][28] Among the victims were nine students, one faculty member, and one university worker.[29][30]

Emergency response

Helicopters circling over the Lane Ave Garage

Eleven of the injured were treated at area hospitals.[28] Eight of them were sent to OSU Wexner Medical Center, Grant Medical Center, and Riverside Methodist Hospital.[31] None of the injuries were considered life-threatening.[32] Four remained hospitalized by the next day.[33]

The first officer to respond to the scene of the attack was Alan Horujko, an officer with the OSU Division of Police who happened to be nearby because of a reported gas leak.[34] Horujko shot and killed the assailant within a minute after the attack started.[27] The Columbus Division of Police, Franklin County Sheriff's Office and the Ohio State Highway Patrol dispatched tactical teams, negotiators, a K-9 unit, and additional officers to assist campus police. In addition, a Columbus Division of Fire bomb squad was dispatched to the scene and arrived at 10:06 a.m.[21][35][36] The FBI's Cincinnati office announced that its agents were assisting campus police in the investigation. Agents from the local Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) unit were also dispatched to the scene of the attack.[37]

Upper Arlington and Grandview schools were locked down for a short time while police investigated the incident. The Ohio Department of Transportation temporarily closed ramp access to and from Route 315 at Lane Avenue and Medical Center Drive.[14]

Perpetrator

Abdul Artan
Born
Abdul Razak Ali Artan

1998
Somalia
DiedNovember 28, 2016(2016-11-28) (aged 17–18)
Columbus, Ohio, U.S.
Cause of deathGunshot wounds to the head and chest by police
NationalitySomali
OccupationStudent
RelativesMother and six siblings

Abdul Razak Ali Artan (1998 – November 28, 2016) was a Muslim Somali refugee and legal permanent resident of the United States who had been a logistics management major in the Max M. Fisher College of Business at the time of the attack.[38][39][40][41] Though OSU said Artan was 18, investigators said some records conflicted and investigators believed he may have been older.[42]

Artan was the third-eldest of seven children. He said that he was born in a refugee camp after his family fled Somalia.[6] However, a senior U.S. government official said that Artan left Somalia with the rest of his family in 2007, and that they spent seven years in a refugee camp in Pakistan, settling in Islamabad on a road known as "Somali Street".[43][44] He moved to the U.S. on a refugee visa with his mother and six siblings in 2014.[2][4][45]

The Franklin County Coroner's Office, conducting a preliminary autopsy report on Artan's body, determined that he died from gunshot wounds to the head and chest.[32]

Life in the United States

Artan and his family first settled in a temporary shelter in Dallas, Texas, for approximately 24 days before relocating to Columbus.[46][47][48] They lived together in four units of an apartment at the Havenwood Townhomes complex in the West Side.[2][49] He was described by neighbors as a consistently polite man who always "attended daily prayer services at a mosque" in Columbus.[50] Friends in Ohio and Pakistan described him as a "studious, devout young man who 'loved America'" and "did not have any extremist tendencies."[10][43] He and his family did not appear to be familiar figures at local mosques and in Somali community groups, according to leaders there.[42] According to a police report, before settling into Havenwood Townhomes, Artan and his family contacted police in 2014 after an animal heart was left on the hood of a relative's car.[7]

Artan previously attended Columbus State Community College from the fall of 2014 to the summer of 2016, and graduated cum laude with an Associate of Arts degree,[51] after which he transferred to OSU.[52][53][54] He had no disciplinary record at Columbus State,[6] and was described as "very normal" and talking about Islam frequently by his classmates there.[43] At the time of the attack, he was enrolled in fourteen-and-a-half credit hours for the semester.[43] Artan had worked at a Home Depot in Columbus for less than a year.[55]

In August, on his first day at OSU, Artan was interviewed by The Lantern, the school newspaper. In the interview, he said that he was having trouble finding a place to pray in comparison to his old school at Columbus State, which provided private prayer rooms. However, he was apparently unaware of a prayer space provided in the OSU student union. Artan added that he was scared about other people's opinions of him because of what he perceived to be negative portrayal of Muslims in the media, and criticized the then Presidential candidate Donald Trump for not being "educated on Islam".[4][43][54][56][57] In the interview, Artan expressed fear about Donald Trump's rhetoric toward Muslims, and what it might mean for immigrants and refugees.[58]

Investigation

The FBI's Joint Terrorism Task Force and the ATF became involved in the investigation.[37][59]

Per university policy, Alan Horujko, the campus officer who shot and killed Artan, was placed on administrative leave. Columbus police began investigating the officer-involved shooting.[30]

Though two people were taken into custody in the immediate aftermath of the attack,[32] Artan was ultimately believed by police to have acted alone.[29] His apartment was searched by the FBI and a Franklin County Sheriff's Office bomb squad.[49][60]

On November 30, the FBI appealed to the public for assistance in filling in an unaccounted time gap between Artan's purchase of a knife on the morning of the attack and the attack itself.[61]

Terrorism classification

The FBI began a search into Artan's digital history to see if he had contact with suspected terrorists or had access to terrorist propaganda.[62] Artan had not been known to the FBI as a potential threat prior to the attack.[33][63]

In the hours after the attack, the FBI focused on a Facebook post that, according to CNN, was written by Artan minutes before the attack.[64] According CBS News, the Facebook post suggests "he was disturbed by how Muslims were being treated everywhere"[65] and appears to be concerned with the violence and persecution of Muslims in Myanmar.[66] In that same post, Artan also "criticized the United States for interfering in other countries."[67] A senior FBI official said that investigators were working to verify the authenticity of the posts.[68] The full statement has been released by police and published.

On the day after the attack, two law enforcement sources confirmed investigators' beliefs that Artan was inspired by terrorist propaganda from ISIL and al-Awlaki, citing Artan's Facebook post and the method used to carry out the attack. At the time, the sources added that Artan had not been found to have any communication with terror groups, and that the attack appears to be an act of a lone wolf.[3] These sources were confirmed by an FBI official on November 30.[63] Other law enforcement officials said that Artan may have been motivated by exposure to a "mix of radical messages" from both ISIL and Al-Qaeda, much like the perpetrators of the San Bernardino attack in December 2015, and the September 2016 bombings and bombing attempts in New York and New Jersey.[69] On November 30, a senior official of the FBI's Cincinnati division claimed it was "too early to speculate on the extent of" Artan's involvement with ISIL.[7]

Despite ISIL's claim of responsibility for the attack (see below), it was reported that no evidence has emerged to suggest the terrorist organization's foreknowledge of the event.[70]

On June 1, 2017, investigators announced that Artan left a torn-up note to his parents in which he pledged his allegiance to ISIL, asked his family to stop being moderate, and said he was upset by the persecution of Muslims in Myanmar.[71][72][73]

On November 28, 2017, the FBI announced that its substantive federal investigation had ended. It concluded that the perpetrator "had acted alone", that he "was not directed by a terrorist organization", and that the perpetrator "appeared to have been influenced by extremist ideology", including ISIS propaganda.[74]

Reactions

University reaction

Poinsettias and a sign left outside of Watts Hall in dedication of the attack.

Soon after the attack, OSU tweeted that all classes would be canceled for the rest of November 28.[75] In a press conference held sometime after, OSU President Michael V. Drake said that he met with Alan Horujko and thanked him for "following his training and being able to neutralize the circumstance within roughly one minute".[25] He also credited the school's active shooter training and campus alert system for maintaining order while police secured the scene.[76] When asked if the attack had anything to do with terrorism or Ohio's Somali-American community, Drake cautioned against "jumping to conclusions", citing a lack of evidence at the time.[77]

At around 10:00 p.m. on November 28, OSU students and employees gathered in front of a church located near the scene of the attack, to pray for the injured.[75] On November 30, two days after the attack, more than 500 students, employees, and community members attended the "#BuckeyeStrong" event at St. John Arena. Drake spoke at the event, praising the heroic acts of the school community in the immediate aftermath of the attack, as well as the work of the first responders.[78]

On December 1, Stephanie Clemons Thompson, assistant director of student life at OSU, made a Facebook post calling for compassion to be directed at Artan and hashtagging #BuckeyeStrong #BlackLivesMatter #SayHisName. The post received condemnation on social media for defending a person who attempted to kill others, for implying that Artan's death was wrong, and for comparing a terrorist who targeted his fellow students with victims of police brutality. A Change.org petition calling for Thompson's termination from OSU received over 1,200 signatures. An OSU spokesman said that the post "clearly is not an official statement of the university and represents her own personal viewpoint." Some people have defended Thompson for writing the post.[79][80]

Politicians

Governor John Kasich tweeted his condolences to the school community and urged people to "listen to first responders".[37] He later praised the "professional, coordinated response" of first responders in another official statement.[81] Mayor Andrew Ginther said that he met with several of the injured, and also declared the city's solidarity with OSU and praised the actions of Alan Horujko and other law enforcement officers.[32][82] President Barack Obama was briefed on the attack.[81]

Vice President-elect Mike Pence called the attack "tragic" and expressed his condolences.[50] In a Facebook post, President-elect Donald Trump thanked the first responders present at the scene of the attack for "react[ing] immediately and eliminat[ing] the threat on campus."[83] He later tweeted that Artan "should not have been in our country."[84]

Muslim and Somali-American reaction

The attack was condemned by several leaders of Muslim organizations and mosques in the Columbus and Greater Detroit area.[50] Imad Hamad, executive director of the American Human Rights Council, released a statement denouncing the assault and cautioned against scapegoating the wider Muslim community.[85] Omar Hassan, president of the Somali Community Association of Ohio, likewise expressed shock at the attack, and asserted that the community put a great amount of effort into preventing radicalization. The leader of the mosque that Artan frequented also indicated that while he was not familiar with him, the mosque had numerous programs dedicated to helping youth and preventing self-radicalization.[75]

After-effects

Colleges across the U.S. began revisiting their emergency response plans as a result of the attack.[86]

The attack prompted calls to allow firearms on campuses in Ohio. State Representative Ron Maag made a proposal for the expansion of "concealed carry locations". The proposal downgraded the felony charge of illegally bringing a gun on campus to a misdemeanor, and gave universities the option to allow concealed firearms on their campuses. The proposal was met with a mixed response, with proponents saying that students would feel safer with access to concealed firearms, and opponents arguing that the expansion of concealed carry locations is unnecessary and could even complicate law enforcement response.[87][88]

Following the OSU attack and a mass shooting at a gay nightclub in Orlando, Florida, in which at least one victim bled to death, a new federal initiative was launched. It was designed to train people working at schools and other public places on how to treat injuries before paramedics arrive at the scene. Doctors have emphasized the importance for school faculty members to stay calm and assess injuries, but also discouraged the use of more invasive emergency procedures such as removing a bullet.[89]

ISIL claim of responsibility

Amaq News Agency, a purported ISIL mouthpiece, released a statement calling Artan a "soldier of the Islamic State" who "carried out the operation in response to calls to target citizens of international coalition countries."[33][48][90][91]

See also

Similar attacks

Lists of attacks

References

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  5. ↑ "Officials Investigating Anti-US Facebook Rant Believed Linked to OSU Attacker". WLS-TV. November 28, 2016. Archived from the original on November 29, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016. The attack comes as the ISIS terror group has been urging its followers in recent weeks to copy the vehicle attack that took place in Nice, France, when 84 people were killed by a terrorist driving a semi-truck through a Bastille Day celebration.
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  9. ↑ Seewer, John; Sewell, Dan (December 3, 2016). "Campus attack could be latest terror case in heartland state". Yahoo! News. Associated Press. Archived from the original on December 20, 2016. Retrieved December 3, 2016.
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  11. ↑ Shapiro, Emily (November 29, 2016). "Injured Professor Says Won't Judge OSU Attacker: 'I'm Going Home ... He's Dead'". ABC News. Archived from the original on November 30, 2016. Retrieved November 29, 2016. OSU Professor William Clark suffered injuries to his ankle and leg when an OSU student, identified by authorities as Abdul Razak Ali Artan, plowed his car into a crowd, then slashed multiple people on campus Monday morning.
  12. ↑ King, Danae; Zachariah, Holly (November 29, 2016). "Victim of Ohio State attack didn't realize he'd been injured". The Columbus Dispatch. Archived from the original on November 30, 2016. Clark recalled being outside Watts Hall with students and other faculty after a report of a gas leak caused the building to be evacuated. When Artan's Honda hit Clark, he flipped into the air before hitting the pavement.
  13. ↑ Kennedy, Merrit (November 28, 2016). "Suspect Killed After Knife And Vehicle Attack At Ohio State University". NPR. Archived from the original on November 29, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016. Ohio State University Police Chief Craig Stone said this was a deliberate attack. 'To go over the curb and strike pedestrians, and then get out and start striking them with a knife — that was on purpose,' he told reporters during the news conference.
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  17. 1 2 Newell, Michele (November 29, 2016). "Army vet fought Ohio State attacker as he tried to help others after car crash". ABC 6 On Your Side. Archived from the original on December 1, 2016. Retrieved November 30, 2016.
  18. 1 2 Connor, Tracy (November 30, 2016). "Ohio State Victim Says Attacker Vowed to Kill Her". NBC News. Archived from the original on November 30, 2016. Retrieved November 30, 2016.
  19. ↑ Lovelace, Berkeley Jr. (November 28, 2016). "9 people injured, 1 suspect dead after Ohio State campus attack". CNBC. Archived from the original on November 29, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016. The attack on campus in Columbus had initially had been described as an active shooter on the loose.
  20. ↑ "Attack at Ohio State campus: 11 injured, suspect killed by police". 10-TV. November 28, 2016. Archived from the original on December 20, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016. A Buckeye Alert emergency notification was sent out to the campus at 9:54 a.m. asking those on campus to shelter in place.
  21. 1 2 "At least 8 injured in Ohio State University attack; one suspect dead". CBS News. November 28, 2016. Archived from the original on November 28, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016.
  22. ↑ "Ohio State University: Attacker killed, 11 hospitalized after campus attack". WTVR. CNN Wire. November 28, 2016. Archived from the original on November 29, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016.
  23. ↑ "UPDATE 1/2 : Shelter in Place lifted. Scene is now secure. ALL classes are canceled on Columbus campus for the remainder of the day" (Twitter post). November 28, 2016. Archived from the original on November 28, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016.
  24. ↑ "According to student at Houston House, shelter in place was "improperly" lifted. Residence hall still on lockdown" (Twitter post). November 28, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016.
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  28. 1 2 "Names of 13 Ohio State attack victims released". WCPO. November 30, 2016. Archived from the original on December 1, 2016. Retrieved November 30, 2016.
  29. 1 2 Buchanan, Doug (November 28, 2016). "Ohio State attacker identified as 20-year-old student". Columbus Business First. Archived from the original on November 29, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016.
  30. 1 2 Balmert, Jessie (November 30, 2016). "OSU victim names released; 2 from Northeastern Ohio". WKYC-TV. Archived from the original on December 7, 2016. Retrieved November 30, 2016.
  31. ↑ "At least 8 sent to hospital after incident at Ohio State". The Boston Globe. November 28, 2016. Archived from the original on November 28, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016. The eight patients were split among OSU Wexner Medical Center, OhioHealth Grant Medical Center and OhioHealth Riverside Methodist Hospital.
  32. 1 2 3 4 Kelley, Jeremy P.; Bischoff, Laura A.; Filb, Max (November 28, 2016). "Ohio State attack: Suspect died from shot to head, chest". Dayton Daily News. Archived from the original on December 1, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016.
  33. 1 2 3 Smyth, Julie Carr; Welsh-Huggins, Andrew (November 29, 2016). "ISIS hails Ohio State University attacker Abdul Razak Ali Artan as 'a soldier of the Islamic State'". Global News. Associated Press. Archived from the original on November 30, 2016. Retrieved November 29, 2016.
  34. ↑ Welsh-Huggins, Andrew (November 28, 2016). "Officials praise fast-acting officer who killed Ohio State attacker". The Toronto Star. Archived from the original on November 30, 2016. Retrieved November 30, 2016. Officer Alan Horujko, who started on the university police force in January 2015, was responding to reports of a nearby gas leak when the car jumped a curb on campus at 9:52 a.m.
  35. ↑ "Gunman 'dead' at Ohio State University rampage". BBC News. November 28, 2016. Archived from the original on November 28, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016.
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  37. 1 2 3 Smith, Mitch; Pérez-Peña, Richard; Goldman, Adam (November 28, 2016). "Suspect Is Killed in Attack at Ohio State University That Injured 11". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 29, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016.
  38. ↑ "Ohio State attack: Police identify suspect as business student". November 28, 2016. Archived from the original on November 28, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016. The suspect has been identified as Abdul Razak Ali Artan, who was a Logistics Management major in the College of Business at Ohio State.
  39. ↑ Williams, Pete; Winter, Tom; Connor, Tracy (November 28, 2016). "1 Suspect Dead, 9 in Hospital After Ohio State Car-and-Knife Attack". NBC News. Archived from the original on November 28, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016. The suspect's name was not released, but law enforcement officials told NBC News he was an 18-year-old Ohio State student, a Somali refugee who was a legal permanent resident of the United States.
  40. ↑ "Ohio attacker Abdul Ali Artan was 'Somali refugee'". BBC News. November 28, 2016. Archived from the original on November 28, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016. Abdul Razak Ali Artan, 18, rammed his car into a group of pedestrians on campus then got out and began stabbing people before police shot him dead.
  41. ↑ Williams, Pete; Winter, Tom; Blankstein, Andrew; Connor, Tracy (November 28, 2016). "Suspect Identified in Ohio State Attack as Abdul Razaq Ali Artan". NBC News. Archived from the original on November 28, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016. Abdul Razak Ali Artan, 18, wrote on what appears to be his Facebook page that he had reached a "boiling point," made a reference to "lone wolf attacks" and cited radical cleric Anwar al-Awlaki.
  42. 1 2 Smith, Mitch; Callimachi, Rukmini; Pérez-Peña, Richard (November 29, 2016). "ISIS Calls Ohio State University Attacker a 'Soldier'". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 30, 2016. Retrieved November 29, 2016.
  43. 1 2 3 4 5 Smith, Mitch; Goldman, Adam (December 1, 2016). "From Somalia to U.S.: Ohio State Attacker's Path to Violence". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 2, 2016. Retrieved December 1, 2016.
  44. ↑ Nauman, Qasim; Shah, Saeed (November 30, 2016). "Pakistan's Somali Community Shocked After Attack at Ohio State University". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on December 4, 2016. Abdul Razak Ali Artan, who was shot and killed Monday after allegedly attacking fellow students in Ohio, lived for several years in Islamabad with his family, until he moved to the U.S. in 2014
  45. ↑ Welsh-Huggins, Andrew (December 1, 2016). "Ohio State knife attacker was 'nice guy' but unknown to many". Albuquerque Journal. Associated Press. Archived from the original on December 2, 2016. Retrieved December 1, 2016. Artan arrived in Dallas with his mother and six siblings on June 5, 2014, according to Dave Woodyard, CEO at Catholic Charities of Dallas, which briefly offered aid to the family.
  46. ↑ Contreras, Gus (November 29, 2016). "Ohio State Attacker, Stayed In Dallas In 2014: Here's What We Know". KERA-TV. Archived from the original on December 1, 2016. Artan arrived in Dallas with his mother and six siblings, Woodyard told KERA. They arrived at D/FW International Airport from JFK International Airport, Woodyard told KXAS-TV.
  47. ↑ Cardona, Claire Z. (November 28, 2016). "Ohio State University attacker spent time in Dallas after moving to U.S." The Dallas Morning News. Archived from the original on November 30, 2016. Retrieved November 29, 2016. Abdul Razak Ali Artan, his mother and six siblings got help from Catholic Charities after they arrived in Dallas on June 5, 2014, KXAS-TV (NBC5) reported.
  48. 1 2 Connor, Tracy; Williams, Pete; Winter, Tom; Dienst, Jonathan (November 29, 2016). "Ohio State Attack: What We Know About Abdul Razak Ali Artan". NBC News. Archived from the original on November 29, 2016. Retrieved November 29, 2016.
  49. 1 2 "UPDATE: Attack suspect was OSU student; nine injured on campus". The Columbus Dispatch. November 28, 2016. Archived from the original on November 29, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016. Neighbors in the Havenwood Townhome complex on the West Side said police and the sheriff's office bomb squad have been searching an apartment there since shortly before 11 am., not long after the situation on campus occurred.
  50. 1 2 3 Welsh-Huggins, Andrew; Smyth, Julie Carr (November 28, 2016). "Terrorism suspected in car-and-knife attack at Ohio State". Associated Press. Archived from the original on November 29, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016.
  51. ↑ "Commencement Ceremonies" (PDF). Columbus State Community College. May 13, 2016. p. 18. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 29, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016.
  52. ↑ Gray, Kathy (November 28, 2016). "Ohio State student identified as campus attacker, nearly a dozen hospitalized". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on November 28, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016.
  53. ↑ Ross, Brian; Levine, Mike; Margolin, Josh; Katersky, Aaron (November 28, 2016). "Officials Investigating Anti-US Facebook Rant Believed Linked to OSU Attacker". ABC News. Archived from the original on November 29, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016.
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  55. ↑ Simon, Darran (November 28, 2016). "Ohio State attacker said he was 'scared' to pray in public". CNN. Archived from the original on November 29, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016. That employee who asked not to be named, said he had seen Artan as recently as last week. Store management declined to comment. A Home Depot spokesman confirmed that Artan was currently employed by the company and had worked there for less than a year.
  56. ↑ Stankiewicz, Kevin (October 18, 2016). "Humans of Ohio State". The Lantern. Archived from the original on November 28, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016 – via issuu.
  57. ↑ "OHIO STATE ATTACK: Who is the suspect?". WHIO. November 28, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016.
  58. ↑ Stankiewicz, Kevin (November 30, 2016). "I interviewed the Ohio State attacker on the first day of school. It felt important. Now it's chilling". Archived from the original on March 22, 2017. Retrieved March 4, 2017.
  59. ↑ Rinehart, Earl; Burger, Beth (November 29, 2016). "ISIS claims credit for inspiring attack at Ohio State that injured 11". The Columbus Dispatch. Archived from the original on November 30, 2016. Retrieved November 29, 2016. The case is being investigated as a potential terrorist act by the FBI's Joint Terrorism Task Force, which includes Columbus police, Columbus police spokesman Rich Weiner said.
  60. ↑ Ferrise, Adam (November 28, 2016). "FBI searches house of suspect in Ohio State campus attack". Cleveland.com. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved November 28, 2016. Dozens of FBI agents showed up at the apartment of Abdul Razak Ali Artan about 7 p.m. Monday. Agents carried briefcases, large equipment and evidence boxes into the Havenwood Townhome Community complex on Nationwide Boulevard while Franklin County deputies blocked off the street and stood guard outside the building.
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  62. ↑ "FBI investigates possible Facebook 'declaration' by OSU attack suspect". Fox News. November 28, 2016. Archived from the original on November 29, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016. Law enforcement sources told Fox News that the FBI is combing through Artan's digital history and devices to see if he had contact with any suspected terrorists and for any traces of terrorist propaganda.
  63. 1 2 Dobuzinskis, Alex (November 30, 2016). "Ohio State attacker may have been inspired by overseas militants: FBI". Yahoo! News. Reuters. Archived from the original on December 1, 2016. Retrieved November 30, 2016.
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  65. ↑ "OSU suspect reportedly posted angry Facebook message before attack". CBS News. November 29, 2016. Archived from the original on November 29, 2016. Retrieved November 30, 2016. ...Facebook suggesting that he was disturbed by how Muslims were being treated, reports CBS News correspondent Jeff Pegues. Artan reportedly posted: 'I am sick and tired of seeing my fellow Muslim brothers and sisters being killed and tortured EVERYWHERE.'
  66. ↑ "Ohio State attacker's anti-America Facebook rant eyed as motive in campus attack". WCPO. November 29, 2016. Archived from the original on November 30, 2016. Retrieved November 29, 2016. From his Facebook post, it appears Artan harbored particular anger over reported violence in Burma (a country also known as Myanmar), where U.N. officials have sounded the alarm in recent days over what one official characterized to BBC News as the 'ethnic cleansing of the Muslim minority,' in the country.
  67. ↑ Rinehart, Earl (November 29, 2016). "Neighbor, Facebook post show 2 sides of Ohio State attacker". he Columbus Dispatch. Archived from the original on November 30, 2016. Retrieved November 30, 2016. In it, he criticized the United States for interfering in other countries and said that, 'If you want us Muslims to stop carrying lone wolf attacks, then make peace.'
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  74. ↑ FBI Cincinnati (November 28, 2017). "Statement on the November 28, 2016 Attack at The Ohio State University". FBI.gov. Retrieved 8 February 2022.
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  81. 1 2 "Ohio State Student Drives Into Crowd, Stabs People on Campus". WABC-TV. November 28, 2016. Archived from the original on November 29, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016.
  82. ↑ "Officer who stopped Ohio State stabbing attack identified, 11 people hospitalized". NBC4I. November 28, 2016. Archived from the original on November 28, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016. 'I have personally met with several of the victims this afternoon, and I am pleased to report that their spirits are good and they are receiving the best of care. The City stands with The Ohio State University in supporting all those who were impacted by today's traumatic events, and will work with Ohio State to help the university community heal physically and emotionally in the days and weeks to come.'
  83. ↑ Smith, Allan (November 28, 2016). "Trump responds to Ohio State attack, thanks first responders". Business Insider. Archived from the original on November 29, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016. President-elect Donald Trump on Monday responded to an attack at Ohio State University in a Facebook post, thanking first responders for quickly eliminating 'the threat on campus.'
  84. ↑ "Donald Trump tweets about Ohio State University stabbing attack". CBS News. November 30, 2016. Archived from the original on December 1, 2016. Retrieved November 30, 2016. President-elect Donald Trump weighed in on the Ohio State University attack in a tweet early Wednesday morning, claiming that the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) was 'taking credit' for the attack. The tweet also claimed that the suspect, a Somali refugee, 'should not have been in our country.'
  85. ↑ "AHRC condemns heinous Ohio State University attack". Arab News Daily. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 21 December 2016.
  86. ↑ Korn, Melissa; Maher, Kris; Belkin, Douglas (December 1, 2016). "Ohio State Attack Prompts Colleges to Review Emergency-Response Plans". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on December 1, 2016. Retrieved December 1, 2016. Colleges nationwide are revisiting their emergency-response plans in the wake of the attack on the Ohio State University campus Monday that left 11 injured and the attacker dead.
  87. ↑ Balmert, Jessie (November 30, 2016). "After OSU attack, should Ohio allow concealed carry on campus?". Cincinnati.com. Archived from the original on March 7, 2018. Retrieved November 30, 2016.
  88. ↑ Niemeyer, Liam (November 29, 2016). "In wake of OSU attack, should guns be allowed on university campuses?". WCPO. Archived from the original on November 30, 2016. Retrieved November 30, 2016. In the aftermath of an attack on Ohio State University's campus, a bill could be passed in the Ohio Senate that would reduce the penalty from a felony to a misdemeanor for having a gun on a university campus. All university-mandated rules prohibiting guns on campus would continue to remain in effect if the bill becomes law, but universities would now have the choice as to whether to keep those mandated rules.
  89. ↑ "Ohio State University attack highlights need for training ordinary people to save lives". CBS News. Associated Press. November 30, 2016. Archived from the original on December 1, 2016. Retrieved November 30, 2016.
  90. ↑ Desantis, Candace Goforth; Brown, Stephen Rex (November 29, 2016). "ISIS takes responsibility for Ohio State attack, proclaims Abdul Artan a 'soldier'". The New York Daily News. Archived from the original on November 30, 2016. Retrieved November 29, 2016. The Somali-born Ohio State student who rammed his car into a crowd before attacking them with a butcher knife was an ISIS 'soldier,' the terrorist group proclaimed Tuesday.
  91. ↑ Hellman, Jesse (November 29, 2016). "ISIS claims responsibility for Ohio State attack". The Hill. Archived from the original on December 1, 2016. Retrieved November 29, 2016. The terror group's Amaq News Agency on Tuesday claimed the attack, carried out by an 18-year-old Ohio State student, was perpetrated by a 'soldier of the Islamic State.'
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