2020–21 Coppa Italia
Tournament details
Country Italy
Dates22 September 2020 –
19 May 2021
Teams78
Final positions
ChampionsJuventus (14th title)
Runner-upAtalanta
Tournament statistics
Matches played79
Goals scored233 (2.95 per match)
Top goal scorer(s)Gianluca Scamacca
(4 goals)

The 2020–21 Coppa Italia (branded as the TIMVISION Cup for sponsorship reasons during the final)[1] was the 74th edition of the national cup in Italian football.[2][3]

Napoli were the defending champions, but were defeated by Atalanta in the semi-finals.

Juventus won a record fourteenth title, defeating Atalanta 2–1 in the final.[4]

This season is the last one with the 78-teams format. From the next season, the format would be with 44 teams.[5]

Participating teams

Serie A

Serie B

Serie C

Serie D

Format and seeding

Teams entered the competition at various stages, as follows:[2]

  • First phase (one-legged fixtures)
    • First round: 27 teams from Serie C and the nine Serie D teams started the tournament
    • Second round: the 18 winners from the previous round were joined by the 20 Serie B teams and 2 teams from Serie C
    • Third round: the 20 winners from the second round met the 12 Serie A sides, seeded 9–20
    • Fourth round: the 16 winners faced each other
  • Second phase
    • Round of 16 (one-legged): the 8 fourth round winners were inserted into a bracket with the Serie A clubs, seeded 1–8
    • Quarter-finals (one-legged)
    • Semi-finals (two-legged)
  • Final (one-legged)

Round dates

The schedule of each round was the following.[2][6][7]

Phase Round First leg Second leg
First stage First round 22–23 September 2020
Second round 29–30 September 2020
Third round 27–28 October 2020
Fourth round 24–26 November 2020
Final stage Round of 16 12–21 January 2021
Quarter-finals 26–28 January 2021
Semi-finals 2–3 February 2021 9–10 February 2021
Final 19 May 2021

First stage

First round

A total of 36 teams from Serie C and Serie D competed in this round, eighteen of which advanced to the second round.[8]

22 September 2020 Südtirol (3) 2–1Latte Dolce (4)Salò
14:30 CEST (UTC+2)
  • Rover 29'
  • Polák 34'
Report
  • Bianchi 90+3'
Stadium: Stadio Lino Turina
Attendance: 0
Referee: Giacomo Camplone
22 September 2020 Ternana (3)1–2 AlbinoLeffe (3) Terni
20:30 CEST (UTC+2) Report
Stadium: Stadio Libero Liberati
Attendance: 0
Referee: Francesco Fourneau
23 September 2020 Piacenza (3)1–2 Teramo (3) Piacenza
15:30 CEST (UTC+2)
  • Bruzzone 22'
Report Stadium: Stadio Leonardo Garilli
Attendance: 0
Referee: Antonio Rapuano
23 September 2020 Carpi (3)1–3 (a.e.t.) Casarano (4) Carpi
16:00 CEST (UTC+2) Report
Stadium: Stadio Sandro Cabassi
Attendance: 0
Referee: Alessandro Prontera
23 September 2020 Alessandria (3) 3–2Sambenedettese (3)Alessandria
16:30 CEST (UTC+2)
Report
Stadium: Stadio Giuseppe Moccagatta
Attendance: 0
Referee: Lorenzo Maggioni
23 September 2020 Novara (3) 3–1Gelbison (4)Novara
16:30 CEST (UTC+2)
Report
  • Coulibaly 7'
Stadium: Stadio Silvio Piola
Attendance: 0
Referee: Simone Sozza
23 September 2020 Carrarese (3) 4–0Ambrosiana (4)Carrara
17:00 CEST (UTC+2) Report Stadium: Stadio dei Marmi
Attendance: 0
Referee: Manuel Volpi
23 September 2020 Catanzaro (3) 2–1Virtus Francavilla (3)Catanzaro
17:00 CEST (UTC+2)
Report
Stadium: Stadio Nicola Ceravolo
Attendance: 0
Referee: Valerio Marini
23 September 2020 Livorno (3)1–2 Pro Patria (3) Livorno
17:00 CEST (UTC+2) Report Stadium: Stadio Armando Picchi
Attendance: 0
Referee: Francesco Meraviglia
23 September 2020 Pontedera (3)1–2 Arezzo (3) Piancastagnaio
17:00 CEST (UTC+2)
  • Piana 67'
Report
Stadium: Stadio Comunale
Attendance: 0
Referee: Daniele Paterna
23 September 2020 Bari (3) 4–0Trastevere (4)Bari
17:30 CEST (UTC+2) Report Stadium: Stadio San Nicola
Attendance: 0
Referee: Luca Massimi
23 September 2020 Juve Stabia (3) 2–1Tritium (4)Castellammare di Stabia
18:00 CEST (UTC+2)
Report
  • Marzeglia 81'
Stadium: Stadio Romeo Menti
Attendance: 0
Referee: Matteo Marchetti
23 September 2020 Renate (3) 2–1Avellino (3)Meda
18:00 CEST (UTC+2) Report
Stadium: Stadio Città di Meda
Attendance: 0
Referee: Matteo Gariglio
23 September 2020 Feralpisalò (3) 1–0Pineto (4)Salò
18:30 CEST (UTC+2) Report Stadium: Stadio Lino Turina
Attendance: 0
Referee: Daniel Amabile
23 September 2020 Potenza (3)0–2 Triestina (3) Potenza
18:30 CEST (UTC+2) Report Stadium: Stadio Alfredo Viviani
Attendance: 212
Referee: Lorenzo Illuzzi
23 September 2020 Padova (3) 2–0Breno (4)Padua
19:00 CEST (UTC+2)
Report Stadium: Stadio Euganeo
Attendance: 0
Referee: Federico Dionisi
23 September 2020 Monopoli (3) 1–0Modena (3)Monopoli
20:00 CEST (UTC+2) Report Stadium: Stadio Vito Simone Veneziani
Attendance: 0
Referee: Ivano Pezzuto
23 September 2020 Catania (3)1–2 (a.e.t.) San Nicolò Notaresco (4) Catania
20:45 CEST (UTC+2)
Report
  • Speranza 56'
  • Cancelli 99'
Stadium: Stadio Angelo Massimino
Attendance: 0
Referee: Alberto Santoro

Second round

A total of forty teams (eighteen winners from the first round, two from Serie C, and all twenty from Serie B) competed in the second round, twenty of which advanced to the third round.[9]

29 September 2020 Monza (2) 3–0Triestina (3)Monza
20:45 CEST (UTC+2)
Report Stadium: Stadio Brianteo
Attendance: 439[10]
Referee: Marco Serra
30 September 2020 Reggina (2) 1–0Teramo (3)Reggio Calabria
14:00 CEST (UTC+2) Report Stadium: Stadio Oreste Granillo
Referee: Antonio Santoro
30 September 2020 Cittadella (2) 3–1Novara (3)Cittadella
15:00 CEST (UTC+2)
Report
Stadium: Stadio Pier Cesare Tombolato
Referee: Eugenio Abbattista
30 September 2020 Cosenza (2) 0–0 (a.e.t.)
(3–1 p)
Alessandria (3)Cosenza
15:00 CEST (UTC+2) Report Stadium: Stadio San Vito-Gigi Marulla
Referee: Ivano Pezzuto
Penalties
30 September 2020 Cremonese (2) 4–0Arezzo (3)Cremona
15:00 CEST (UTC+2)
Report Stadium: Stadio Giovanni Zini
Attendance: 0
Referee: Gianluca Manganiello
30 September 2020 Frosinone (2)1–3 Padova (3) Frosinone
15:00 CEST (UTC+2) Report
Stadium: Stadio Benito Stirpe
Referee: Giacomo Camplone
30 September 2020 Pisa (2) 2–0Juve Stabia (3)Pisa
15:00 CEST (UTC+2)
Report Stadium: Arena Garibaldi – Stadio Romeo Anconetani
Referee: Valerio Marini
30 September 2020 Pescara (2) 1–1 (a.e.t.)
(8–7 p)
San Nicolò Notaresco (4)Pescara
15:30 CEST (UTC+2) Report
  • Banegas 34'
Stadium: Stadio Adriatico – Giovanni Cornacchia
Referee: Antonio Di Martino
Penalties
  • soccer ball with check mark Frulla
  • soccer ball with check mark Cesario
  • soccer ball with red X Cancelli
  • soccer ball with check mark Bianciardi
  • soccer ball with check mark Banegas
  • soccer ball with check mark Colombatti
  • soccer ball with check mark Lattarulo
  • soccer ball with red X Blando
  • soccer ball with check mark Gallo
  • soccer ball with red X Sorrini
30 September 2020 Virtus Entella (2) 2–1AlbinoLeffe (3)Chiavari
16:00 CEST (UTC+2) Report
Stadium: Stadio Comunale
Referee: Matteo Gariglio
30 September 2020 Ascoli (2)1–4 Perugia (3) Ascoli Piceno
17:00 CEST (UTC+2)
  • Ghazoini 89'
Report
Stadium: Stadio Cino e Lillo Del Duca
Referee: Luca Massimi
30 September 2020 Empoli (2) 2–1Renate (3)Empoli
17:00 CEST (UTC+2)
Report Stadium: Stadio Carlo Castellani
Attendance: 0
Referee: Matteo Marchetti
30 September 2020 Vicenza (2) 3–2 (a.e.t.)Pro Patria (3)Vicenza
17:00 CEST (UTC+2)
Report
Stadium: Stadio Romeo Menti
Referee: Giovanni Ayroldi
30 September 2020 Lecce (2) 2–0Feralpisalò (3)Lecce
18:00 CEST (UTC+2) Report Stadium: Stadio Via del Mare
Referee: Ivan Robilotta
30 September 2020 Pordenone (2) 3–0Casarano (4)Trieste
18:00 CEST (UTC+2)
Report Stadium: Stadio Nereo Rocco
Referee: Daniel Amabile
30 September 2020 Reggiana (2)0–3
(4–3 p)
Monopoli (3) Reggio Emilia
18:00 CEST (UTC+2)
Report
Stadium: Mapei Stadium – Città del Tricolore
Referee: Antonio Rapuano
Penalties
Note: Monopoli were awarded a 3–0 win due to Reggiana fielding an ineligible player. Match originally ended 2–2 after extra time with Reggiana winning 4–3 on penalties.[11]
30 September 2020 Salernitana (2) 3–0Südtirol (3)Salerno
18:00 CEST (UTC+2)
Report Stadium: Stadio Arechi
Referee: Daniele Paterna
30 September 2020 Venezia (2) 2–0Carrarese (3)Venice
18:00 CEST (UTC+2)
Report Stadium: Stadio Pier Luigi Penzo
Attendance: 0
Referee: Riccardo Ros
30 September 2020 Brescia (2) 3–0Trapani (3)Brescia
20:00 CEST (UTC+2) Report Stadium: Stadio Mario Rigamonti
Referee: Lorenzo Illuzzi
Note: Trapani withdrew from the match.[12]
30 September 2020 SPAL (2) 0–0 (a.e.t.)
(4–2 p)
Bari (3)Ferrara
21:00 CEST (UTC+2) Report Stadium: Stadio Paolo Mazza
Referee: Simone Sozza
Penalties

Third round

A total of 32 teams (twenty winners from the second round and twelve Serie A clubs seeded 9–20) competed in the third round, sixteen of which advanced to the fourth round.[13]

27 October 2020 Sampdoria (1) 1–0Salernitana (2)Genoa
14:00 CET (UTC+1) Report Stadium: Stadio Luigi Ferraris
Referee: Alessandro Prontera
27 October 2020 Bologna (1) 2–0Reggina (2)Bologna
15:00 CET (UTC+1)
Report Stadium: Stadio Renato Dall'Ara
Referee: Gianluca Manganiello
27 October 2020 Virtus Entella (2) 3–1Pisa (2)Chiavari
15:00 CET (UTC+1)
Report
Stadium: Stadio Comunale
Referee: Luca Massimi
27 October 2020 Pordenone (2)0–0 (a.e.t.)
(1–4 p)
Monza (2) Trieste
18:00 CET (UTC+1) Report Stadium: Stadio Nereo Rocco
Attendance: 0
Referee: Daniel Amabile
Penalties
28 October 2020 Cagliari (1) 1–0Cremonese (2)Cagliari
15:00 CET (UTC+1)
Report Stadium: Sardegna Arena
Referee: Antonio Giua
28 October 2020 Hellas Verona (1) 3–3 (a.e.t.)
(3–1 p)
Venezia (2)Verona
17:00 CET (UTC+1)
Report
Stadium: Stadio Marcantonio Bentegodi
Referee: Giacomo Camplone
Penalties
28 October 2020 Parma (1) 3–1Pescara (2)Parma
18:00 CET (UTC+1)
Report
Stadium: Stadio Ennio Tardini
Referee: Simone Sozza
28 October 2020 Cosenza (2) 2–1Monopoli (3)Cosenza
15:00 CET (UTC+1)
Report
Stadium: Stadio San Vito
Referee: Maria Marotta
28 October 2020 Benevento (1)2–4 Empoli (2) Benevento
16:00 CET (UTC+1)
Report
Stadium: Stadio Ciro Vigorito
Referee: Ivano Pezzuto
28 October 2020 Brescia (2) 3–0Perugia (3)Brescia
16:00 CET (UTC+1)
Report Stadium: Stadio Mario Rigamonti
Referee: Ivan Robilotta
28 October 2020 Cittadella (2)0–2 Spezia (1) Cesena
16:00 CET (UTC+1) Report
Stadium: Stadio Dino Manuzzi
Referee: Marco Serra
Note: Tie reversed form the original draw.
28 October 2020 Udinese (1) 3–1Vicenza (2)Udine
18:00 CET (UTC+1) Report
Stadium: Dacia Arena
Referee: Antonio Rapuano
28 October 2020 Fiorentina (1) 2–1Padova (3)Florence
18:00 CET (UTC+1)
Report
Stadium: Stadio Artemio Franchi
Referee: Alberto Santoro
28 October 2020 Torino (1) 3–1 (a.e.t.)Lecce (2)Turin
14:00 CET (UTC+1)
Report Stadium: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino
Referee: Marco Piccinini
28 October 2020 Crotone (1)1–1 (a.e.t.)
(3–4 p)
SPAL (2) Crotone
17:00 CET (UTC+1)
Report
Stadium: Stadio Ezio Scida
Referee: Matteo Marchetti
Penalties
28 October 2020 Genoa (1) 2–1Catanzaro (3)Genoa
18:00 CET (UTC+1)
Report
Stadium: Stadio Luigi Ferraris
Referee: Lorenzo Maggioni

Fourth round

The sixteen winners from the third round competed in the fourth round, eight of which advanced to the round of 16.[14]

24 November 2020 SPAL (2) 2–0Monza (2)Ferrara
14:30 CET (UTC+1)
Report Stadium: Stadio Paolo Mazza
Referee: Marco Piccinini
25 November 2020 Parma (1) 2–1Cosenza (2)Parma
14:30 CET (UTC+1)
Report
Stadium: Stadio Ennio Tardini
Referee: Giacomo Camplone
25 November 2020 Empoli (2) 3–0Brescia (2)Empoli
14:30 CET (UTC+1) Report Stadium: Stadio Carlo Castellani
Referee: Nicola Ayroldi
Note: Brescia withdrew from the match to prevent an outbreak after several of their players tested positive for COVID-19.[15]
25 November 2020 Cagliari (1) 2–1Hellas Verona (1)Cagliari
17:30 CET (UTC+1)
Report
Stadium: Sardegna Arena
Referee: Alessandro Prontera
25 November 2020 Bologna (1)2–4 (a.e.t.) Spezia (1) Bologna
17:30 CET (UTC+1)
Report
Stadium: Stadio Renato dall'Ara
Referee: Manuel Volpi
Note: Tie reversed from the original draw.
25 November 2020 Udinese (1)0–1 (a.e.t.) Fiorentina (1) Udine
17:30 CET (UTC+1) Report
Stadium: Dacia Arena
Referee: Marco Serra
26 November 2020 Torino (1) 2–0Virtus Entella (2)Turin
14:00 CET (UTC+1)
Report Stadium: Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino
Referee: Daniele Paterna
26 November 2020 Sampdoria (1)1–3 Genoa (1) Genoa
17:00 CET (UTC+1)
Report
Stadium: Stadio Luigi Ferraris
Referee: Francesco Fourneau

Final stage

Bracket

Round of 16 Quarter-finals Semi-finals Final
              
Atalanta 3
Cagliari 1
Atalanta 3
Lazio 2
Lazio 2
Parma 1
Atalanta 0 3 3
Napoli 0 1 1
Napoli 3
Empoli 2
Napoli 4
Spezia 2
Roma 0
Spezia 3
Atalanta 1
Juventus 2
Fiorentina 1
Internazionale (a.e.t.) 2
Internazionale 2
Milan 1
Milan (p)  0 (5) 
Torino 0 (4)
Internazionale 1 0 1
Juventus 2 0 2
Juventus (a.e.t.) 3
Genoa 2
Juventus 4
SPAL 0
Sassuolo 0
SPAL 2

Round of 16

The round of 16 matches were played between the eight winners from the fourth round and clubs seeded 1–8 in 2019–20 Serie A, and held from 12 to 21 January. A draw (held on 27 November) determined the home and away teams in matches involving two Serie A sides.[16]

13 January 2021 Fiorentina (1)1–2 (a.e.t.) Internazionale (1) Florence
15:00 CET (UTC+1)
Report
Stadium: Stadio Artemio Franchi
Referee: Davide Massa
13 January 2021 Napoli (1) 3–2Empoli (2)Naples
17:45 CET (UTC+1) Report
Stadium: Stadio San Paolo
Referee: Antonio Giua
13 January 2021 Juventus (1) 3–2 (a.e.t.)Genoa (1)Turin
20:45 CET (UTC+1)
Report Stadium: Juventus Stadium
Referee: Daniele Chiffi
14 January 2021 Sassuolo (1)0–2 SPAL (2) Reggio Emilia
17:30 CET (UTC+1) Report Stadium: Mapei Stadium – Città del Tricolore
Referee: Giacomo Camplone
14 January 2021 Atalanta (1) 3–1Cagliari (1)Bergamo
21:15 CET (UTC+1)
Report
Stadium: Gewiss Stadium
Referee: Federico Dionisi
19 January 2021 Roma (1)0–3 Spezia (1) Rome
21:15 CET (UTC+1) Report
Stadium: Stadio Olimpico
Referee: Davide Ghersini
Note: Match awarded 3–0 to Spezia, due to Roma making six substitutions instead of the maximum five allowed. Spezia had originally won 4–2 after extra time.[17]
21 January 2021 Lazio (1) 2–1Parma (1)Rome
21:15 CET (UTC+1)
Report Stadium: Stadio Olimpico
Referee: Giovanni Ayroldi

Quarter-finals

The quarter-final matches were played between clubs advancing from the round of 16, and held from 26 to 28 January. A draw (held on 27 November) determined the home and away teams in matches involving two Serie A sides.[18]

26 January 2021 Internazionale (1) 2–1Milan (1)Milan
20:45 CET (UTC+1)
Report Stadium: San Siro
Referee: Paolo Valeri
27 January 2021 Atalanta (1) 3–2Lazio (1)Bergamo
17:45 CET (UTC+1) Report
Stadium: Gewiss Stadium
Referee: Luca Pairetto
27 January 2021 Juventus (1) 4–0SPAL (2)Turin
20:45 CET (UTC+1)
Report Stadium: Juventus Stadium
Referee: Ivano Pezzuto
28 January 2021 Napoli (1) 4–2Spezia (1)Naples
21:00 CET (UTC+1)
Report
Stadium: Stadio San Paolo
Referee: Francesco Fourneau

Semi-finals

The semi-finals (a two-legged round) were played between clubs advancing from the quarter-finals, and held from 2 to 10 February 2021.[19][20]

First leg

2 February 2021 Internazionale (1) 1–2 Juventus (1) Milan
20:45 CET (UTC+1) Report
Stadium: San Siro
Referee: Gianpaolo Calvarese
3 February 2021 Napoli (1) 0–0 Atalanta (1) Naples
20:45 CET (UTC+1) Report Stadium: Stadio San Paolo
Referee: Michael Fabbri

Second leg

9 February 2021 Juventus (1) 0–0
(2–1 agg.)
Internazionale (1)Turin
20:45 CET (UTC+1) Report Stadium: Juventus Stadium
Referee: Maurizio Mariani
10 February 2021 Atalanta (1) 3–1
(3–1 agg.)
Napoli (1)Bergamo
20:45 CET (UTC+1)
Report
Stadium: Gewiss Stadium
Referee: Federico La Penna

Final

Top goalscorers

Rank Player Club Goals[23]
1 Italy Gianluca Scamacca Genoa 4
2 Norway Dennis Johnsen Venezia 3
Sweden Dejan Kulusevski Juventus
Mexico Hirving Lozano Napoli
Italy Leonardo Mancuso Empoli
6 28 players 2

Notes

  1. The total capacity of the stadium was established at 20% due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy.[21][22]

References

  1. "TIM e Lega Serie A: accordo per la sponsorizzazione della finale di Coppa Italia "TIMVISION Cup"". legaseriea.it (in Italian). Lega Nazionale Professionisti Serie A. 13 May 2021.
  2. 1 2 3 "Coppa Italia 2018/2019, 2019/2020 e 2020/2021" (PDF). legaseriea.it (in Italian). Lega Nazionale Professionisti Serie A. 9 July 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 December 2020. Retrieved 18 July 2018.
  3. "COCA-COLA TITLE SPONSOR DELLA FINALE DI COPPA ITALIA 2019/2020". legaseriea.it (in Italian). Lega Nazionale Professionisti Serie A. 11 June 2020. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
  4. "Coppa: Juventus end Atalanta dream". Football Italia. 19 May 2021. Retrieved 19 May 2021.
  5. "Coppa Italia, ecco il nuovo format della competizione". corrieredellosport.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2021-07-12.
  6. Stagione 2020–21: ecco tutte le date del campionato, Coppa Italia e coppe europee. Il Pallone Gonfiato (in Italian). 11 August 2020.
  7. "Coppa Italia calendar set". Football Italia. 1 September 2020. Retrieved 1 September 2020.
  8. "Coppa Italia – Fixtures and Results – First round". Lega Serie A. Lega Nazionale Professionisti. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
  9. "Coppa Italia – Fixtures and Results – Second round". Lega Serie A. Lega Nazionale Professionisti. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
  10. "Coppa Italia, il Monza batte 3-0 la Triestina e supera il turno!". MBNews (in Italian). Retrieved 2020-09-29.
  11. "Comunicato ufficiale n. 61 del 9 ottobre 2020" (PDF) (in Italian). legaseriea.it. 9 October 2020. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 February 2021. Retrieved 25 November 2020.
  12. "Brescia-Trapani 3-0 a tavolino" (in Italian). bresciacalcio.it. 30 September 2020.
  13. "Coppa Italia – Fixtures and Results – Third round". Lega Serie A. Lega Nazionale Professionisti. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
  14. "Coppa Italia – Fixtures and Results – Fourth round". Lega Serie A. Lega Nazionale Professionisti. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
  15. "Brescia Calcio rinuncia alla trasferta di Empoli" (in Italian). bresciacalcio.it. 25 November 2020. Archived from the original on 15 January 2021. Retrieved 25 November 2020.
  16. "Coppa Italia – Fixtures and Results – Round of 16". Lega Serie A. Lega Nazionale Professionisti. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
  17. "Roma, ufficiale: sconfitta 3-0 a tavolino con lo Spezia in Coppa Italia". corrieredellosport.it (in Italian). Corriere dello Sport. 22 January 2021. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
  18. "Coppa Italia – Fixtures and Results – Quarter-finals". Lega Serie A. Lega Nazionale Professionisti. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
  19. "Coppa Italia – Fixtures and Results – Semi-finals - First leg". Lega Serie A. Lega Nazionale Professionisti. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
  20. "Coppa Italia – Fixtures and Results – Semi-finals - Second leg". Lega Serie A. Lega Nazionale Professionisti. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
  21. "Coppa Italia Final will have fans". Football Italia. 29 April 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
  22. "Fans return to the stadium for the Coppa Italia Final!". juventus.com. 14 May 2021. Retrieved 14 May 2021.
  23. "Coppa Italia – Top Scorers". Lega Serie A. Archived from the original on 2020-02-27. Retrieved 2020-10-01.
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