Abu Ubaid
Personal
Bornc. 154 AH/770 CE
Herat, Abbasid Caliphate
Died224 AH/838 (aged 68)
Mecca, Abbasid Caliphate
ReligionIslam
EraIslamic golden age
DenominationSunni
CreedShafi‘i
Main interest(s)History, Tafsir, Hadith, Fiqh
Muslim leader
Influenced by

Abu Ubaid al-Qasim ibn Sallam al-Khurasani al-Harawi (Arabic: أبو عبيد القاسم بن سلاّم الخراساني الهروي, romanized: Abū ‘Ubayd al-Qāsim ibn Sallām al-Khurāsānī al-Harawī; c. 770–838) was an Arab philologist and the author of many standard books on lexicography, Qur’anic sciences, hadith, and fiqh.

He was born in Herat, the son of a Byzantine slave. He left his native town and studied philology at the Basra school under many famous scholars such as al-Asmaʿi (d. 213/828), Abu ʿUbayda (d. c.210/825), and Abu Zayd al-Ansari (d. 214 or 215/830–1), and at the Kufa school under Abu ʿAmr al-Shaybani (d. c.210/825), al-Kisaʾi (d. c.189/805), and others.

He was the first to develop a recorded science for tajwid, giving the rules of tajwid names and putting it into writing in his book called al-Qirā'āt. He wrote about 25 reciters, including the 7 mutawatir reciters.[2] He made the reality, transmitted through reciters of every generation, a science with defined rules, terms, and enunciation.[3][4] He wrote extensively on the originally revealed, but then abrogated, verses from the Qur’an. [5][6]

Selected works

  • Kitab al-Amwal (The Book of Revenue)[7]
  • Kitab Al-Nāsikh wa-l-mansūkh (The Book of Abrogation)[8]
  • Kitab Fada’il-al-Qur’an (The Excellent Qualities of the Holy Quran)
  • Kitab Al-Iman[9]

References

  1. ↑ Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; Rowson, Everett (eds.). "Abū ʿUbayd al-Qāsim b. Sallām". Encyclopaedia of Islam (3rd ed.). Brill Online. ISSN 1873-9830. Retrieved 2019-01-08.
  2. ↑ Ajaja, Abdurrazzak. "القراءات : The readings".
  3. ↑ el-Masry, Shadee. The Science of Tajwid. Safina Society. p. 8. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
  4. ↑ "What is Tajweed?". Online Quran Teachers. Archived from the original on 13 April 2021. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
  5. ↑ Jeffery, Arthur (1938). "Abu Ubaid on the verses missing from the Qur'an". The Muslim World. 28: 61–65. doi:10.1111/j.1478-1913.1938.tb02422.x.
  6. ↑ Ibn Warraq, Origins of the Koran – Classic Essays on Islam’s Holy Book, [Prometheus Books, Amherst, NY 1998], Part Two: The Collections and the Variants of the Koran, 9. Abu ‘Ubaid on the Verses Missing from the Koran, by Arthur Jeffery, p. 151.
  7. ↑ "The Book of Revenue : Kitab Al-Amwal". BookDepository. Retrieved 2019-01-08.
  8. ↑ "Kitab Al-Nasikh Wa-l-Mmansukh of Abu 'Ubaid Al-Qasim B. Sallam". BookDepository. Retrieved 2019-01-08.
  9. ↑ "Bio of Qasim ibn Sallaam & Kitab Al-Imaan". Retrieved August 13, 2023.


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