Abd Al-Rahman Al-Gillani
1st Prime Minister of Iraq
In office
11 November 1920 – 20 November 1922
MonarchFaisal I
Preceded byPosition established
Succeeded byAbd al-Muhsin as-Sa'dun
Personal details
Born(1841-01-11)11 January 1841
Baghdad, Ottoman Empire
Died13 June 1927(1927-06-13) (aged 86)
Baghdad, Iraq

Qutb-ul Aqtaab Naqib Al Ashraaf Syed Abd ar-Rahman al-Qadri al-Gillani (Arabic: عبد الرحمن الكيلاني النقيب;‎ 11 January 1841 – 13 June 1927) was the first prime minister of Iraq, and its head of state. He was an important figure during the Ottoman and the British Eras, and he had an important role in the politics of Iraq.

Early life

Al-Gillani was born in Baghdad to a Sufi family. Al-Gillani was the 15th descendant of Abdul Qadir al-Gillani. His family has been known since ancient times for its scientific significance and councilmen and was known for his morality and love for his people.[1] He was the captain of the Banu Hashim of the Quraishi tribe in Baghdad. He lived most of his life as an Ottoman and studied under Sultan Abdul Hamid II who strongly supported him on the issue of Palestine when he was young.[2]

Political career

Al-Gillani was chosen in 1920 to head the Iraqi Council of Ministers following the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire. Due to his good relations with the British and his personality, he was one of the candidates for the throne of Iraq. He refused to take the title out of renunciation of the King but agreed to be Prime Minister. He used his influence to oppose the appointment of Faisal I as King of Iraq and resigned from his post when his efforts were defeated. Nevertheless, Faisal still reappointed him as prime minister in order to curb opposition.

In 1922, al-Gillani negotiated the first Anglo-Iraqi Treaty, which ensured nominal independence for the country, though Britain maintained control of the military and foreign affairs, essentially establishing a Mandate in the country. Opposed to these results, al-Gillani resigned shortly after and spent the rest of his life in seclusion.[3]

Death and Burial

Al-Gillani died on 13 June 1927 in Baghdad, aged 86. His funeral was attended by many high figures of Iraq including Prince Ghazi. He was buried inside the Mausoleum of Abdul-Qadir Gillani shrine near the shrine of Abdul Qadir al-Gillani.[4]

In pop culture

Al-Gillani and his role in the Ottoman Empire was briefly mentioned in the Iraqi television drama Sarah Khatoon, which aired on Al Sharqiya.[5]

See also

References

  1. ↑ The Book of the Captains of Baghdad, written by Ibrahim Abd al-Ghani al-Droubi
  2. ↑ "Confirmed by Jamal al-Din Faleh al-Kilani".
  3. ↑ ʻaṭīyah, Ghassān (1973). "Ghassan Al-Attiyah, History of Iraq, 1973".
  4. ↑ "الگاردينيا - مجلة ثقافية عامة - النقيب الكيلاني أول رئيس وزراء عراقي شخصية لن تتكرر". algardenia.com. August 26, 2013.
  5. ↑ Interview with Sheikh Afif Al-Din Al-Kilani_the grandson of the captain, Jamal Al-Din Faleh Al-Kilani, memorandum in Columbus, 2014


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