Alfred's Castle
Aerial view of Alfred's Castle from the north
TypeHillfort and Roman building
LocationAshbury, Oxfordshire
Coordinates51°32′17″N 1°36′07″W / 51.53803°N 1.60201°W / 51.53803; -1.60201
Official nameAlfred's Castle univallate hillfort
Designated11 February 1958
Reference no.1015551[1]
Alfred's Castle is located in Oxfordshire
Alfred's Castle
Location of Alfred's Castle in Oxfordshire

Alfred's Castle is a small Iron Age hill fort, situated at grid reference SU277822,[2] behind Ashdown Park in the civil parish of Ashbury in Oxfordshire (formerly Berkshire). It lies 2–3 km south of the Ridgeway and is protected as a Scheduled Ancient Monument.[1][2]

It has a large enclosure attached that shows as a cropmark. Excavation has shown this to be contemporary with the small enclosure, started in the 6th century BC. The hill fort was established within a series of late Bronze Age linear ditches and revealed much evidence for occupation within it. In the late 1st century, a Romano-British farmhouse was built within the abandoned prehistoric enclosure.

King Alfred won a great victory against the Danes at the Battle of Ashdown, in AD 871. Being located just to the west of Ashdown House, Victorian antiquaries associated Alfred's Castle with the King's troop movements before the battle. The exact site of Alfred's battle has not yet been determined, however, so is a matter for debate. The most likely sites are near Compton and Aldworth in Berkshire.

Excavations were carried out at Alfred's Castle from 1998 to 2000 by archaeologists from Oxford University. A final analysis was published in 2014.

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Historic England. "Alfred's Castle univallate hillfort (1015551)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 13 January 2021.
  2. 1 2 Historic England. "Alfred's Castle (225540)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 17 May 2008.

Further reading

  • Cotton, M Aylwin (1960), "Alfred's Castle" (PDF), The Berkshire Archaeological Journal, 58: 44–48, doi:10.5284/1000017
  • Gosden, Chris; Lock, Gary (2014). Histories in the making : Excavations at Alfred's Castle 1998- 2000. [S.l.]: Oxbow Books. ISBN 9781905905324.


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