Cassandane
An old image of a possible tomb of Cassandane in Pasargad Archaeological Site Suleiman Prison (Pasargad) 1906 image taken from the book Persia past and present by AV Williams Jackson (1906)
Queen consort of the Achaemenid Empire
Tenure559–538 BC
Coronation559 BC
SuccessorAtossa
Died538 BC
Burial
Pasargad
SpouseCyrus the Great
IssueCambyses II
Bardiya
Artystone
Atossa
Roxane
HouseAchaemenid
FatherPharnaspes

Cassandane or Cassandana (died 538 BC) was a Persian Achaemenian shahbanu and the dearly loved wife of Cyrus the Great.[1]

She was a daughter of Pharnaspes. She had four children with Cyrus: Cambyses II, who succeeded his father and conquered Egypt; Smerdis (Bardiya), who also reigned as the king of Persia for a short time; a daughter named Atossa, who later wed Darius the Great; and another daughter named Roxana.[2]

Her daughter Atossa later played an important role in the Achaemenid royal family, as she married Darius the Great and bore him the next Achaemenid king, Xerxes I.[3]

When Cassandane died, all the nations of Cyrus' Persian empire observed "a great mourning". This is reported by Herodotus. According to a report in the chronicle of Nabonidus, there was a public mourning after her death in Babylonia lasting for six days. Cassandane reportedly stated that it was more bitter to leave Cyrus's side than to die.[4] Cyrus demanded his kingdom mourn her death: [5] according to the Nabonidus Chronicle, this lasted six days (identified as 21–26 March 538 BC).[6] According to a suggestion by M. Boyce, Cassandane's tomb is located at Pasargadae.[2]

Notes

  1. ↑ https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/cassandane-wife-of-cyrus-ii-q
  2. 1 2 Dandamaev, M. A. (1992). "Cassandane". Encyclopaedia Iranica. Vol. 5. Encyclopaedia Iranica Foundation. ISBN 0-933273-67-3.
  3. ↑ Schmitt, Rüdiger (1989). "Atossa". Encyclopaedia Iranica. Vol. 3. Encyclopaedia Iranica Foundation. ISBN 0-7100-9121-4.
  4. ↑ Benjamin G. Kohl; Ronald G. Witt; Elizabeth B. Welles (1978). The Earthly republic: Italian humanists on government and society. Manchester University Press ND. p. 198. ISBN 978-0-7190-0734-7.
  5. ↑ Kuhrt 2013, p. 106.
  6. ↑ Grayson 1975, p. 111.

Bibliography


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