Asher Lämmlein[1] was a Jew who appeared in Istria, near Venice, in 1502 and, encouraged by the works of Isaac Abrabanel,[2] proclaimed himself a forerunner of the Jewish Messiah.[3] His place of birth is unknown, but his nicknames Ashkenazi and Reutlingen indicate that he or his family originally came from Germany.[4] Notably, Lämmlein was mentioned by James Joyce in Ulysses.[5]
Lämmlein declared that if the Jews showed great repentance and charity, the Messiah would not fail to appear in six months.[3] He gained a troop of adherents who spread his prophesies though Italy and Germany, and his message met with such acceptance that the year became known as the "year of penance."[3] Existing institutions were willfully destroyed in the belief of coming redemption and a return to Jerusalem.[3] However, Lämmlein died or suddenly disappeared and the extravagant hopes of his followers came to an end.[3]
Salo W. Baron suggests that disillusionment over the failed prophesies Lämmlein helped lead to the conversion of a few Jewish intellectuals to the Christian faith, including Victor von Carben and Johannes Pfefferkorn.[6]
See also
References
- ↑ also Lämmlin, Lemmlein
- ↑ Greenstone, Julius Hillel (1906). The Messiah Idea in Jewish History. The Jewish Publication Society of America. p. 189.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Graetz, Heinrich; Philipp Bloch (1894). History of the Jews. Jewish Publication Society of America. p. 482.
- ↑ The Jews were finally expelled from the city of Reutlingen in 1495. Vlg. Voss (2007), S. 58.
- ↑ Joyce, James (1998). Ulysses. Oxford University Press. p. 469. ISBN 978-0-192-83464-5.
- ↑ Gow, Andrew Colin (1995). The Red Jews: Antisemitism in an Apocalyptic Age, 1200-1600. Brill Academic Publishers. p. 135. ISBN 90-04-10255-8.
Further reading
Saverio Campanini, A Neglected Source concerning Asher Lemmlein and Paride da Ceresara: Agostino Giustiniani, in "European Journal of Jewish Studies" 2.1 (2008), pp. 89–110.