Bassa Vah π«π«§π«±π«π«¨π«΄ π«£π«§π«± | |
---|---|
Script type | |
Direction | left-to-right |
Languages | Bassa [ISO 639-3:bsq] |
ISO 15924 | |
ISO 15924 | Bass (259), βBassa Vah |
Unicode | |
Unicode alias | Bassa Vah |
Final accepted Unicode proposal, U+16AD0βββU+16AFF[1] |
Bassa Vah, also known as simply Vah ('throwing a sign' in Bassa) is an alphabetic script for writing the Bassa language of Liberia.[2] As an old system nearing extinction in the 1900s, it was rediscovered among Bassa in Brazil and the West Indies, then revived in Liberia, by Thomas Flo Lewis.[3] Type was cast for it, and an association for its promotion was formed in Liberia in 1959.[1] It is not used today and has been classified as a failed script.[4]
Letters
Vah is written from left to right. It is a true alphabet, with 23 consonant letters, 7 vowel letters and 5 tone diacritics, which are placed inside the vowels. A fullstop/period is represented with π«΅.
IPA | Latin | Bassa Vah | IPA | Latin | Bassa Vah | IPA | Latin | Bassa Vah |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[a] | A/a | 𫧠| [g] | G/g | π« | [Ι] | Ζ/Ι | 𫨠|
[b] | B/b | π«’ | [Ι‘Ν‘b] | Gb/gb | π« | [o] | O/o | π«© |
[Ι]/[mα΅] | Ζ/Ι | π« | [ΕΝ‘m] | Gm/gm | π« | [p] | P/p | π«₯ |
[c] | C/c | π« | [h] | H/h | π«€ | [s] | S/s | π« |
[d] | D/d | π« | [hΚ·] | Hw/hw | π« | [t] | T/t | π«‘ |
[Ι]/[ΙΊ] | Δ/Ι | 𫦠| [i] | I/i | π« | [u] | U/u | π«ͺ |
[dΚ²]/[Ι²] | Dy/dy | π« | [Ι] | J/j | π« | [v] | V/v | π«£ |
[e] | E/e | π«« | [k] | K/k | π« | [w] | W/w | π« |
[Ι] | Ζ/Ι | 𫬠| [kΝ‘p] | Kp/kp | π« | [xΚ·]/[Δ§Κ·] | Xw/xw | π« |
[f] | F/f | π« | [n] | N/n | π« | [z] | Z/z | π« |
Tones
Vah uses 5 diacritical marks to denote tonality of its vowels. It distinguishes five tones: high, low, mid, mid-rising, and falling.
IPA | Latin with a | Vah with 𫧠| Vah diacritic |
---|---|---|---|
Λ¦ | Γ‘ | π«§π«° | π«°β |
Λ¨ | Γ | π«§π«± | π«±β |
Λ§ | a | π«§π«² | π«²β |
Λ¨Λ§ | Δ | π«§π«³ | π«³β |
Λ₯Λ© | Γ’ | π«§π«΄ | π«΄β |
Unicode
Bassa Vah was added to the Unicode Standard in June 2014 with the release of version 7.0.
The Unicode block for Bassa Vah is U+16AD0βU+16AFF:
Bassa Vah[1][2] Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF) | ||||||||||||||||
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
U+16ADx | π« | π« | π« | π« | π« | π« | π« | π« | π« | π« | π« | π« | π« | π« | π« | π« |
U+16AEx | π« | π«‘ | π«’ | π«£ | π«€ | π«₯ | 𫦠| 𫧠| 𫨠| π«© | π«ͺ | π«« | 𫬠| π« | ||
U+16AFx | π«° | π«± | π«² | π«³ | π«΄ | π«΅ | ||||||||||
Notes |
References
- 1 2 Everson, Michael; Riley, Charles (2010). "Final proposal for encoding the Bassa Vah script in the SMP of the UCS" (PDF).
- β Coulmas, Florian, ed. (1999). "Bassa alphabet". The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Writing Systems. Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley. p. 39. doi:10.1002/9781118932667.ch2. ISBN 9780631214816.
- β "History of the Bassa Script". Bassa Vah Association. Archived from the original on 2007-02-22.
- β Unseth, Peter (2011). "Invention of Scripts in West Africa for Ethnic Revitalization". In Joshua A. Fishman; Ofelia GarcΓa (eds.). Handbook of Language and Ethnic Identity: The Success-Failure Continuum in Language and Ethnic Identity Efforts. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 23β32. ISBN 9780199837991.