Bitter vetch is a common name for several plants and may refer to:

• Vicia ervilia, called bitter vetch or ervil, an ancient grain legume crop of the Mediterranean region.
• Vicia orobus, called wood-bitter vetch, a legume found in Atlantic areas of Europe.
• Lathyrus linifolius, called bitter vetch or heath pea, a species of pea.
• Lathyrus niger, called black bitter vetch or black pea, a perennial legume native to Europe.