Icaricia icarioides
Mission blue, male upperside.
Fender's blue, male underside.
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Lycaenidae
Genus:	Icaricia
Species:	I. icarioides
Binomial name
Icaricia icarioides (Boisduval, 1852)
Subspecies
See text
Synonyms
Lycaena icarioides Boisduval, 1852 Cupido icarioides (Boisduval, 1852) Plebejus icarioides (Boisduval, 1852) Aricia icarioides (Boisduval, 1852)

Icaricia icarioides,^[1] or Boisduval's blue, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae found in North America. This butterfly has 25 recognized subspecies.^[2]

This species has been classified in at least four different genera since it was named by Jean Baptiste Boisduval in 1852. It started out in Lycaena, was transferred to Icaricia by Nabokov (Hodges et al., 1983), moved to Aricia by Bálint and Johnson (1997), merged with some other genera in the supergenus Plebejus by Gorbunov (2001), which was accepted by Opler & Warren (2003) and Pelham's Catalogue (as of 2012);^[2] however, Lamas (2004) among others use Aricia. More recently, it was moved back to the genus Icaricia, which was reinstated as a result of molecular studies (Vila et al., 2011; Talavera et al., 2013). Synonymy, subgenera, and subspecies vary considerably depending on the author.

Their range extends throughout the western US and Canada from southern Saskatchewan to British Columbia.^[3] Its habitats include dunes, mountains, meadows, streams, and sage-lands. It is also found in open areas or openings in woods near its larval host.^[4]

Larvae feed on species of lupines (Lupinus).^[3] Adults feed on nectar from flowers of Eriogonum species and other composites.^[4]

Wingspan: 21 to 32 mm.^[3]

Similar species

• Greenish blue (Icaricia saepiolus)
• Silvery blue (Glaucopsyche lygdamus)

Subspecies

• Icaricia icarioides albihalos^[5]
• Icaricia icarioides argusmontana^[6]
• Icaricia icarioides atascadero^[7]
• Icaricia icarioides austinorum^[8]
• Icaricia icarioides blackmorei – Puget blue^[9]
• Icaricia icarioides buchholzi^[10]
• Icaricia icarioides eosierra^[11]
• Icaricia icarioides evius^[12]
• Icaricia icarioides fenderi – Fender's blue^[13]
• Icaricia icarioides fulla^[14]
• Icaricia icarioides helios^[15]
• Icaricia icarioides icarioides^[16]
• Icaricia icarioides inyo^[17]
• Icaricia icarioides lycea^[18]
• Icaricia icarioides missionensis – Mission blue^[19]
• Icaricia icarioides montis^[20]
• Icaricia icarioides moroensis^[21]
• Icaricia icarioides nigrafem
• Icaricia icarioides panamintina^[22]
• Icaricia icarioides parapheres^[23]
• Icaricia icarioides pardalis^[24]
• Icaricia icarioides pembina^[25]
• Icaricia icarioides pheres (extinct)†^[26]
• Icaricia icarioides sacre
• Icaricia icarioides santana^[27]

References