Dwarf boronia
Cyanothamnus nanus var. hyssopifolius in Morton National Park
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Sapindales
Family: Rutaceae
Genus: Cyanothamnus
Species:
C. nanus
Binomial name
Cyanothamnus nanus
(Hook.) Duretto & Heslewood[1]
Occurrence data from Australasian Virtual Herbarium
Synonyms[1]
  • Boronia nana Hook.
  • Boronia polygalifolia var. trifoliolata Benth.
Cyanothamnus nanus var. hyssopifolius photographed in Kosciuszko National Park

Cyanothamnus nanus, commonly known as the dwarf boronia or small boronia[2] is a plant in the citrus family Rutaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a prostrate or low spreading shrub with simple or three-part leaves and white or pale pink four-petalled flowers.

Cyanothamnus nana var. pubescens

Description

Cyanothamnus nanus is a prostrate shrub or one that has weak, spreading branches and grows to about 25 cm (10 in) wide and 50 cm (20 in) high. Its youngest branches have a few soft hairs but become glabrous as they age. The leaves are simple or trifoliate on a petiole up to 5 mm (0.2 in) long. The leaves or leaflets are linear to elliptic or egg-shaped, 2–15 mm (0.08–0.6 in) long and 0.5–3.5 mm (0.02–0.1 in) wide. The flowers are white to pale pink and are arranged singly or in groups of up to three or more in leaf axils, the groups on a peduncle 1–7 mm (0.04–0.3 in) long, individual flowers on a pedicel 2–16 mm (0.08–0.6 in). The four sepals are triangular to broadly egg-shaped, 1–3.5 mm (0.04–0.1 in) long and 0.5–1.5 mm (0.02–0.06 in) wide, overlapping at their bases. The four petals are 3–5.5 mm (0.1–0.2 in) long, 1.2–3 mm (0.05–0.1 in) wide and overlap at their bases. The stamens are covered with long, soft hairs. Flowering occurs from October to February.[2][3][4]

Taxonomy and naming

Dwarf boronia was first formally described in 1840 by William Jackson Hooker who gave it the name Boronia nana in Icones Plantarum from a specimen collected by Ronald Campbell Gunn on top of Rocky Cape.[5][6] In a 2013 paper in the journal Taxon, Marco Duretto and others changed the name to Cyanothamnus nanus on the basis of cladistic analysis.[7]

The names of three varieties have been accepted by Plants of the World Online:

  • Cyanothamnus nanus var. hyssopifolius has simple leaves;[8][2]: 50 [9][10]
  • Cyanothamnus nanus var. nanus (the autonym) has mostly trifoliate leaves, mostly glabrous leaves, sepals and petals;[2]: 47 [11]
  • Cyanothamnus nanus var. pubescens[12] has mostly trifoliate leaves with short, soft hairs.[2]: 49 [13]

Distribution and habitat

  • Cyanothamnus nanus var. hyssopifolius grows in woodland, forest and heath and is the only variety of B. nana in New South Wales where it is found south from the Blue Mountains, but also occurs in central and eastern areas of Victoria, the far southeast corner of South Australia and the eastern half of Tasmania;[2]: 50 [9][10]
  • Cyanothamnus nanus var. nanus grows in heath and heathy woodland, and occurs mostly in the south-west of Victoria and in the far south-east of South Australia;[2]: 47 [11]
  • Cyanothamnus nanus var. pubescens grows in rocky soils in open forest, woodland and heath and mainly occurs between the Grampians and Lexton in Victoria and in the far south-east of South Australia.[2]: 49 [13]

References

  1. 1 2 "Cyanothamnus nanus". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Duretto, Marco F. (2003). "Notes on Boronia (Rutaceae) in eastern and northern Australia". Muelleria. 17: 45–51. Retrieved 2 January 2023.
  3. ↑ Duretto, Marco. "Cyanothamnus nanus". Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
  4. ↑ Weston, Peter; Duretto, Marco. "Boronia nana". Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney: plantnet. Retrieved 23 January 2019.
  5. ↑ "Boronia nana". APNI. Retrieved 23 January 2019.
  6. ↑ Hooker, William Jackson (1840). Icones Plantarum. London: Longman, Orme, Brown, Green and Longman. p. Tab. CCLXX. Retrieved 23 January 2019.
  7. ↑ Duretto, Marco F.; Heslewood, Margaret M.; Bayly, Michael J. (2020). "Boronia (Rutaceae) is polyphyletic: Reinstating Cyanothamnus and the problems associated with inappropriately defined outgroups". Taxon. 69 (3): 481–499. doi:10.1002/tax.12242.
  8. ↑ "Cyanothamnus nanus var. hyssopifolius". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
  9. 1 2 "Boronia nana var. hyssopifolia". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 23 January 2019.
  10. 1 2 "Cyanothamnus nanus var. hyssopifolius". Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
  11. 1 2 "Cyanothamnus nanus var. nanus". Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
  12. ↑ "Cyanothamnus nanus var. pubescens". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
  13. 1 2 "Cyanothamnus nanus var. pubescens". Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
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