Brebes Sundanese
Basa Sunda Brebes
ᮘᮞ ᮞᮥᮔ᮪ᮓ ᮘᮢᮨᮘᮨᮞ᮪
Pronunciation[basa sʊnda brəbəs]
Native toIndonesia
RegionSouth Brebes
Native speakers
14% of Brebes population or 250,000 (2019)[1][2]
Language codes
ISO 639-3–
Glottologbreb1234
  Areas in Brebes Regency where Brebes Sundanese is a majority
  Areas in Brebes Regency where Brebes Sundanese is a minority

Brebes Sundanese (Sundanese: Basa Sunda Brebes, Sundanese pronunciation: [basa sʊnda brəbəs], in Sundanese script: ᮘᮞ ᮞᮥᮔ᮪ᮓ ᮘᮢᮨᮘᮨᮞ᮪) is the dialect of Sundanese language used by some people in Brebes Regency, Central Java,[3][4] especially in the southern and southwestern parts of the region. The area of Brebes Regency is one of the districts in Central Java which borders the West Java region.[5][6]

Language areas

Areas with Sundanese speakers include the districts of Salem, Bantarkawung, Ketanggungan, Banjarharjo and several villages in Tanjung sub-district (Sarireja and Luwungbata), Larangan (Wlahar, Kamal and Pamulihan) and Kersana (Kradenan and Sindang Jaya) districts.[5][7][8]

Brebes Sundanese is also spoken by smaller communities in several villages in Bumiayu (Pruwatan and Laren) sub-districts, Bantarkawung sub-districts (Cinanas, Cibentang, Karang Pari, Pangebat, and Bantarkawung), Ketanggungan District (Pamedaran, Baros, Kubangsari, Kubangjati, Dukuh Badag, and Kubangwungu), Banjarharjo (Banjarharjo, Cimunding, Ciawi, Tegalreja, and Banjar Lor), Losari District (Karang Junti and Babakan) and Kersana District (Kubangpari).[9]

Daily use

Sundanese speakers in Brebes Regency always use Sundanese as their daily language of instruction, both in the family environment and in the local community.[10] In everyday life, such as buying and selling at the market, religious lectures at mosques, and traditional ceremonies (marriage, circumcision, thanksgiving, earth alms). Even so, the Sundanese language in Brebes Regency is only used in the spoken mode, not in the written format and until now the language is still well preserved by the speaking community.[7]

An interesting habit that is carried out by some people in Losari, Banjarharjo, and several sub-districts in the South Brebes area is the tendency for people to do almost all their activities, such as going to school, seeking treatment, shopping, or other needs, more likely to do it to Ciledug District, namely the sub-district. which is in the east of Cirebon Regency rather than to the city of Brebes itself. This is because it is easier to get transportation to Ciledug than to Brebes. It is also influenced by the factor of the same language community which makes it easy to communicate and bond with one language.[11]

Characteristics

The difference between Sundanese Brebes and Standard Sundanese is prominent in intonation and some vocabulary, while at the level of phrases and sentences there is no difference. At the phrase level, for example:[12]

  • imah bapa = father's home
  • peti suluh = wood chest
  • budak bandel = brat
  • hayang héés/pineuh = want to sleep
  • ngakan/nyatu kéjo = eat rice
  • gedé kacida = hugh
  • jenuk/bera budak = many kids.

For example, the Brebes Sundanese sentence is:[12]

  • Misah/ambih lulus ujian nyanéh kudu di ajar = in order to pass the exam you have to study
  • Iraha nyanéh mangkat = when are you going?
  • Naha nyanéh telat? = why are you late?
  • Mih, balik ti pasar = mother came home from the market
  • Kakak geus indit = brother/sister already left

What is interesting is that some of the standard Sundanese vocabularies which include neutral vocabulary (not rough and also not polite) in Brebes Sundanese are always considered more polited. For example, the phrase;[12]

  • Hayang sare/pineuh = want to sleep
  • dahar sangu = eat rice

In Sundanese Brebes is considered polite, even though in Standard Sundanese the two phrases mean neutral. The phrase that means wanting to sleep and eat rice in Brebes Sundanese is hayang héés and ngakan kéjo. In addition to "héés" to express the word "sleep", the word "pineuh" is also used in bantarkawung as its equivalent.[5]

Comparison table of Sundanese Brebes and Standard Sundanese[8][3][13][12]

Brebian Sundanese Standard Sundanese Meaning
kami kuring i, me
déwék manéh you
kita anjeun you (polite)
pocor ucur to flow
api seuneu fire
hiber ngambang to float
apik/hade alus good
ula oray snake
jegu mentul blunt
dolog kendor slow
lésang leueur slippery
rupit heurin narrow
weureu mabok to drunk
jenuk loba lots
ngaréngkol ngagolér to lay down
buburuh moro to hunt
ngacoblok ngomong to speak
gulung gelut to fight
ruag bongkar to disassemble
pineuh saré to sleep
rubiah pamajikan wife
mungkal batu stone
suluh kai wood
bugang bangké carcass
jenu tuba fish poison
kédé kénca left
dingding bilik wall
goah dapur kitchen
talang golodog porch
gendeng hateup roof
paranjé kandang embé sheepfold
kaso/usuk/layeus kaso-kaso rafter
epyan lalangit palate
samak lampit mat
budin sampeu cassava
hawangan walungan river
doyong déngdék tilted
balimbing balingbing starfruit
sabrang cabé chili
gandul gedang papaya
delima dalima pomegranate
albi jeungjing Paraserianthes falcataria
gendul botol bottle
hanam hayu let's go
agéh geuwat hurry up

References

  1. ↑ Susanto, Ridlo (31 August 2019). "Penutur Bahasa Sunda di Brebes Makin Menyusut" [The number of Sundanese speakers in Brebes is decreasing]. gatra.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  2. ↑ "Jumlah Penduduk Kab. Brebes Menurut Kecamatan (Jiwa), 2016-2019" [Total Population of. Brebes Regency by Sub-District (Soul), 2016-2019] (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2021-05-15.
  3. 1 2 Junawaroh, Siti (6 May 2010). "INOVASI FONETIS DALAM BAHASA SUNDA DI KABUPATEN BREBES". Seminar Nasional Pemertahanan Bahasa Nuasantara.
  4. ↑ Suyanto (May 2018). "Bahasa Sunda sebagai Bahasa Ibu di Provinsi Jawa Tengah:Studi Data Sensus Penduduk 2010" [Sundanese as Mother Language in Central Java Province: 2010 Population Census Data Study]. NUSA (in Indonesian). 13 (2): 201. doi:10.14710/nusa.13.2.201-212. S2CID 134512325.
  5. 1 2 3 Rosyadi, Diding; Zulaeha, Ida; Baehaqie, Imam (30 January 2018). "Perbandingan Leksikon Bahasa Jawa dengan Bahasa Sunda di Kecamatan Larangan Kabupaten Brebes" [Comparison of the Javanese and Sundanese Lexicon in Larangan District, Brebes Regency]. Jurnal Sastra Indonesia (in Indonesian). 6: 8.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  6. ↑ Wahyuni, Nur Eka. "VARIAN SEMANTIK PADA BENTUK DUPLET YANG TERSEBAR DI WILAYAH PEMAKAIAN KABUPATEN BREBES" [SEMANTIC VARIANTS IN THE FORM OF DUPLET DISTRIBUTED IN THE AREAS OF USE OF BREBES DISTRICT]. Program Studi Sastra Indonesia Universitas Diponegoro (in Indonesian).
  7. 1 2 Junawaroh, Siti (28 July 2020). "SIKAP BAHASA KAUM MUDA SUNDA BREBES" [THE ATTITUDE OF THE SUNDA YOUTH IN BREBES]. Jurnal AKRAB JUARA (in Indonesian). 5: 143.
  8. 1 2 Choeri Apriany, Winda;Sudaryat, Yayat; Haerudin, Dingding. "BASA SUNDA DIALÉK BREBES DI KACAMATAN SALEM PIKEUN BAHAN PANGAJARAN MACA DI SMP" [SUNDANESE LANGUAGE DIALECT BREBES IN THE SALEM DISTRICT FOR READING INSTRUCTION MATERIAL IN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL]. Winda Choeri Apriany: Basa Sunda Dialek Brebes (in Sundanese).{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. ↑ Bighoviq, M Izet (2 September 2020). PERBANDINGAN KOSAKATA BAHASA JAWA DENGAN BAHASA SUNDA DI WILAYAH BREBES SELATAN [COMPARISON OF JAVANESE VOCABULARY WITH SUNDANESE LANGUAGE IN THE SOUTH BREBES REGION]. Perbandingan Kosakata Bahasa Jawa Dengan Bahasa Sunda di Wilayah Brebes Selatan (other) (in Indonesian). p. 4.
  10. ↑ Sutrisno, Andi; Muliawati, Hesti; Dutha Bahari, Andika; Bediyanto (March 2021). "PEMERTAHANAN BAHASA SUNDA SEBAGAI WUJUD IDENTITAS MASYARAKAT DI DESA LUWUNG BATA, BREBES, JAWA TENGAH" [MAINTENANCE OF SUNDANESE LANGUAGE AS A COMMUNITY IDENTITY IN THE VILLAGE OF LUWUNG BATA, BREBES, CENTRAL JAVA]. Jurnal Penelitian Bahasa Dan Sastra Indonesia. 6: 99–100.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  11. ↑ Is Rhosyantina, Laura (May 2014). ALIH KODE, CAMPUR KODE, DAN INTERFERENSI DALAM PERISTIWA TUTUR PENJUAL DAN PEMBELI DI RANAH PASAR TRADISIONAL CISANGGARUNG LOSARI KABUPATEN BREBES (KAJIAN SOSIOLINGUISTIK) [CODE SWITCHING, CODE MIXING, AND INTERFERENCE IN SELLER AND BUYER SPEAKING EVENTS IN THE CISANGGARUNG TRADITIONAL MARKET, BREBES REGENCY (SOCIOLINGUISTIC STUDY)]. UNY Jurnal (skripsi) (in Indonesian). p. 32.
  12. 1 2 3 4 Tjatur Wisnu Sasangka, Sry Ssatriya. "Bahasa Sunda di Kabupaten Brebes" [Sundanese in Brebes] (PDF) (in Indonesian). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-04-22. Retrieved 7 July 2021.
  13. ↑ Wahya, Wahya; Sobarna, Cece; Muhtadin, Teddi; Meganova Lyra, Hera (March 2016). "INOVASI BAHASA SUNDA DI KECAMATAN SALEM KABUPATEN BREBES JAWA TENGAH" [SUNDANESE LANGUAGE INNOVATION IN KECAMATAN SALEM BREBES CENTRAL JAVA DISTRICT]. Riksa Bahasa: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Pembelajarannya. 2.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

Further reading

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