Breguet's thermometer, also called a spiral thermometer, is a type of thermometer which uses the expansion of metal under heat to produce a measurement more sensitive, and with a higher range, than both mercury and air thermometers. Working on the principle of a bimetallic strip, it consists of a very slender strip of platinum[1] soldered to a similar strip of silver, with a slip of gold soldered in between.[2]

Breguet's thermometer diagram

The strips of soldered metals are curved into a helix (a). The upper extremity of the helix is fastened to a metallic support (c) and the lower extremity is connected to an index, which projects over a graduated circle (b).

The expansion of silver with temperature is almost twice as great as platinum, with gold being somewhere in between. The result is that a temperature rise or fall will cause a corresponding twist in the spiral, moving the index. The slip of gold in between is to prevent "sudden starts".

References

  1. ↑ Draper, John William (1852). A Textbook on chemistry. Harper & Bros. p. 28. draper, john william.
  2. ↑ Partington, Charles Frederick (1828). A manual of natural and experimental philosophy. J. Taylor. p. 330.
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