The Northridge earthquake was a buried rupture earthquake,[1] which caused massive surface damage

In seismology, a buried rupture earthquake, or blind earthquake, is an earthquake which does not produce a visible offset in the ground along the fault (as opposed to a surface rupture earthquake, which does). When the fault in question is a thrust fault, the earthquake is known as a blind thrust earthquake.

The Cypress Street Viaduct's collapsed upper deck and failed support columns, from the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, which was a buried rupture earthquake,[1]

Ground motion

Recorded ground motions of large surface-rupture earthquakes are weaker than the ground motions from buried rupture earthquakes.[1]

Depth

The asperity for a buried rupture earthquakes is in area deeper than roughly 5 kilometres (3.1 mi). Examples are the Loma Prieta earthquake, Northridge earthquake, and the Noto Hanto earthquake.[2]

Tsunamis

As compared to the seabed surface rupture case, uplifted water outside the fault plane in buried rupture earthquakes makes for large tsunami waves.[3]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Observed differences in ground motions" (PDF). IJR. Retrieved 30 October 2018.
  2. ↑ Wada, K; Goto, H. "Generation Mechanism of Surface and Buried Faults Considering the Effect of Plasticity in a Shallow Crust Structure" (PDF). iitk.ac.in. Retrieved 31 October 2018.
  3. ↑ Goda, Katsuichiro (October 2015). "Effects of Seabed Surface Rupture Versus Buried Rupture on Tsunami Wave Modeling: A Case Study for the 2011 Tohoku, Japan, Earthquake". Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 105 (5): 2563–2571. Bibcode:2015BuSSA.105.2563G. doi:10.1785/0120150091. hdl:1983/ab80d036-71a5-45e6-a26c-180964d589f4. Retrieved 29 October 2018.


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