Lacolle
Municipality
Town hall
Town hall
Location within Le Haut-Richelieu RCM
Location within Le Haut-Richelieu RCM
Lacolle is located in Southern Quebec
Lacolle
Lacolle
Location within southern Quebec
Coordinates: 45°05′N 73°22′W / 45.083°N 73.367°W / 45.083; -73.367[1]
Country Canada
Province Quebec
RegionMontérégie
RCMLe Haut-Richelieu
ConstitutedSeptember 13, 2001
Government
[2][3]
 • MayorJacques Lemaistre-Caron
 • Federal ridingSaint-Jean
 • Prov. ridingHuntingdon
Area
[2][4]
 • Total53.50 km2 (20.66 sq mi)
 • Land49.64 km2 (19.17 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)[4]
 • Total2,680
 • Density54.0/km2 (140/sq mi)
 • Pop 2006-2011
Increase 6.7%
 • Dwellings
1,185
Time zoneUTC−5 (EST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
Postal code(s)
J0J 1J0
Area code(s)450 and 579
Highways R-221
R-223
R-202
Websitewww.lacolle.com

Lacolle (French pronunciation: [lakɔl]) is a municipality in southern Quebec, Canada, located in the administrative area of the Montérégie, on the Canada–United States border. The population as of the Canada 2011 Census was 2,680. The Lacolle River runs eastward through the middle of the town and empties in Richelieu River. More people cross the border illegally from the United States there than at any other point. Almost nineteen thousand people were detained in 2017.[5] The nearest town across the border is Champlain, New York.

History

Lacolle Mills Blockhouse

The written history of Lacolle can be traced back to July 4, 1609, when Samuel de Champlain and his entourage stopped briefly at the mouth of a small stream for a meal before continuing southward up the Richelieu River into the lake which now bears his name. In his journal, Champlain referred to the location of the delta as "Lacole". When translated literally, the term means the neck of a bottle or that which is above the shoulders.

Lacolle was the site of three battles in the early 19th Century. Two of the battles took place during the War of 1812. The Battle of Lacolle Mills (1812) was a short engagement in which a small garrison of Canadien Militia, with the assistance of Kahnawake Mohawk warriors, defended a makeshift log blockhouse from an American invasion force led by Major General Henry Dearborn.[6] In the Battle of Lacolle Mills (1814) a garrison of 80 men of the 13th Regiment of Foot and a Congreve rocket detachment of the Royal Marine Artillery, later reinforced by a company of the Canadian Voltigeurs and the Grenadier company of the Canadian Fencibles successfully defended a blockhouse and stone mill building from an attacking American force of 4,000 men led by Major General James Wilkinson.[7][8][9]

The Battle of Lacolle was fought on November 7, 1838, between Loyal Lower Canada volunteer forces under Major John Scriver and Lower Canada rebels under Colonel Ferdinand-Alphonse Oklowski. The half hour battle ended in a rebel defeat.[10][11]

Demographics

Population

Canada census – Lacolle community profile
20212011
Population2,708 (+4.3% from 2016)2,680 (+6.7% from 2006)
Land area49.41 km2 (19.08 sq mi)49.64 km2 (19.17 sq mi)
Population density54.8/km2 (142/sq mi)54.0/km2 (140/sq mi)
Median age45.6 (M: 46.4, F: 44.8)43.2 (M: 42.2, F: 44.2)
Private dwellings1,278 (total)  1,188 (occupied)1,185 (total) 
Median household income$72,000$44,227
Notes: Amalgamated with Notre-Dame-du-Mont-Carmel on January 1, 2002.
References: 2021[12] 2011[4] earlier[13][14]
Historical Census Data - Lacolle, Quebec[15]
YearPop.±%
1991 1,392—    
1996 1,554+11.6%
YearPop.±%
2001 1,503−3.3%
2002M 2,402+59.8%
YearPop.±%
2006 2,512+4.6%
2011 2,680+6.7%
(M) merger with Notre-Dame-du-Mont-Carmel on January 1, 2002.

Language

Canada Census Mother Tongue - Lacolle, Quebec[15]
Census Total
French
English
French & English
Other
Year Responses Count Trend Pop % Count Trend Pop % Count Trend Pop % Count Trend Pop %
2011
2,680
 2,275 Increase 5.3% 84.89% 310 Increase 21.6% 11.57% 40 Increase 166.7% 1.49% 55 Decrease 26.7% 2.05%
2006
2,505
 2,160 Increase 60.0% 86.23% 255 Increase 240.0% 10.18% 15 Decrease 40.0% 0.60% 75 Increase 66.7% 2.99%
2001
1,495
 1,350 Increase 12.5% 90.30% 75 Decrease 63.4% 5.02% 25 Decrease 54.5% 1.67% 45 Decrease 10.0% 3.01%
1996
1,510
 1,200 n/a 79.47% 205 n/a 13.58% 55 n/a 3.64% 50 n/a 3.31%

Industry

Lacolle as a small industrial park featuring Arneg Inc, Soudure HMC inc, and a Recycling complex operated by Compo Haut-Richelieu inc. (headquartered in St-Jean-sur-Richelieu).

Education

The South Shore Protestant Regional School Board previously served the municipality.[16]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Banque de noms de lieux du Québec: Reference number 372452". toponymie.gouv.qc.ca (in French). Commission de toponymie du Québec.
  2. 1 2 "Ministère des Affaires municipales, des Régions et de l'Occupation du territoire: Lacolle". Archived from the original on 2013-10-29. Retrieved 2012-03-11.
  3. ↑ Parliament of Canada Federal Riding History: SAINT-JEAN (Quebec)
  4. 1 2 3 "2011 Community Profiles". 2011 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. March 21, 2019. Retrieved 2014-03-09.
  5. ↑ Quan, Douglas (3 February 2019). "RCMP has spent more than $6.6M to process migrants at Canada's busiest illegal crossing". National Post. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  6. ↑ "Battle of Lacolle Mills". Retrieved 11 November 2013.
  7. ↑ John R. Elting, Amateurs to Arms, p.176
  8. ↑ Report of the Commanding Officer of the 13th Foot
  9. ↑ NICOLAS, Paul Harris: Historical Record of the Royal Marine Forces, Volume 2, p253
  10. ↑ "La bataille de Lacolle, 6 novembre 1838" Archived 2007-03-12 at the Wayback Machine at Les Patriotes de 1837@1838
  11. ↑ "Bataille de Lacolle - 6 et 7 novembre 1838. (Bataille)" in La Mémoire du Québec
  12. ↑ "2021 Community Profiles". 2021 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. February 4, 2022. Retrieved 2023-10-19.
  13. ↑ "2006 Community Profiles". 2006 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. August 20, 2019.
  14. ↑ "2001 Community Profiles". 2001 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. July 18, 2021.
  15. 1 2 Statistics Canada: 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011 census
  16. ↑ King, M.J. (Chairperson of the board). "South Shore Protestant Regional School Board" (St. Johns, PQ). The News and Eastern Townships Advocate. Volume 119, No. 5. Thursday December 16, 1965. p. 2. Retrieved from Google News on November 23, 2014.
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