Chance Rides Manufacturing
TypePrivate
IndustryAmusement ride manufacturing
FoundedChance Manufacturing: 1961
Chance Rides Manufacturing: 2002
HeadquartersWichita, Kansas, United States[1]
Key people
Harold Chance, Richard (Dick) Chance, Michael Chance, John Chance, Aaron Landrum
ProductsRoller coasters, thrill rides, family rides, gentle rides
SubsidiariesChance Morgan
Websitechancerides.com

Chance Rides Manufacturing is a roller coaster and amusement ride manufacturer. The company was formed on May 16, 2002, when the former Chance Industries Inc. emerged from bankruptcy. The main office and manufacturing facility are located in Wichita, Kansas.

History

Chance Manufacturing was incorporated in 1961 by Richard H. (Harold) Chance. Harold Chance had been involved in the amusement business since 1946, building small trains for the Ottaway Amusement Company. He designed a 2 ft (610 mm) narrow gauge replica of the C. P. Huntington, a well-known steam locomotive built in 1863 for the Central Pacific Railroad.[2] Titled by the same name, Chance's C. P. Huntington is the company's most successful product line.[1] In 1967, Chance began producing Starliner Trams under the subsidiary Chance Coach. In 1970, Chance acquired the assets of the Allan Herschell Company. Richard G. Chance (Dick Chance) assumed control of the company and formed Chance Industries, Inc. in 1985 to oversee the various divisions – Chance Rides, Chance Coach, and Chance Operations.[1] In December 1986, Chance then acquired Bradley & Kaye, a ride manufacturer specialized in children's rides and carousel figures.[3]

Modern era

For several years, Chance Rides Manufacturing products were sold under the brand Chance Morgan. In 2011, the company reintroduced the Chance Rides brand which encompasses Chance Morgan Coasters, Inc. and Chance Rides Manufacturing.[1] On September 17, 2011, trade publication Amusement Today presented Chance Rides with the Golden Ticket Award for Supplier of the Year, in honor of the company's 50th anniversary.[4]

In 2023, Chance Rides was sold to Missouri-based private equity firm Permanent Equity.[5]

Trains

C.P. Huntington train at Saint Louis Zoo.

Chance Rides began to fabricate their 2ft narrow gauge C. P. Huntington locomotive in 1960. Since 2018, these locomotives can be powered by gasoline, diesel, propane or electric engines. Its drive wheels are not powered, but roll on the rails while fake side rods reciprocate in and out of fake cylinders. Power is instead provided by the front and rear trucks. Some owners have chosen to remove the false drive wheels for ease of maintenance.

With more than 400 examples built as of 2022, the C. P. Huntington has become the most popular park train since the Allan Herschell Company merged into Chance Industries in 1970 and production of the S-24 Iron Horse train ceased. Locomotives and coaches can be customized in a variety of ways.

Carousels

Chance Carrousels (deliberately spelled with two "R"s) were introduced in 1971 following the acquisition of the Allan Herschell Company the previous year. Chance modified the Herschell design giving it a more ornate style.[1] After Chance purchased Bradley & Kaye in December 1986, Chance was able to use the molds and manufacturing rights to 62 carousel figures produced by Bradley & Kaye owner, David Bradley. He had carefully reproduced prized carousel animals from famous carvers over the previous 20 years and new molds were cast at the Chance facility under his direction, until Bradley died in 1988.[6] These famous reproductions with spectacular detail have been included on Chance carrousels since the late 1980s. With the merger of the D. H. Morgan line of carousels, some of the unique Morgan figures have been added to the collection as well. Although fiberglass, the magnificent detail and menagerie of different styles of horses and other figures have become a trademark of Chance Rides carrousels.[1]

Ferris wheels

The first Ferris wheel from Chance, the Astro Wheel, was sold to showman Don Franklin and debuted at the 1967 Iowa State Fair. It featured 16 cars with two passengers per car.[7] The first park model, an 80-foot Giant Wheel, was built in 1975 at Valleyfair amusement park in Minnesota.[8] It features 18 cars holding four passengers per car and is still in operation. The Giant Wheel/Century Wheel was introduced in various sizes in both park and portable models in 1988.[9]

In 2006, Chance worked with Ronald Bussink Professional Rides of Switzerland and Dutch Wheels BV, a division of Vekoma Rides, to produce larger wheels such as the Niagara SkyWheel which stands 53.3 m (175 ft) tall.[10] It features 42 air-conditioned cars seating eight passengers per car.[11] According to Chance Rides director Angus Jenkins, the larger wheels are known as observation wheels as opposed to Ferris wheels, since they carry riders in enclosed cars rather than in open seats.[12]

On October 19, 2012, Chance Rides announced a long term license agreement with Bussink Design GmbH for the exclusive rights to manufacture and sell the R80XL Giant Wheel in North America.[13] Chance Rides will market the R80XL, which is over 250 ft (76 m) tall, under an affiliate company, Chance American Wheels. The first R80XL wheel was manufactured by Maurer German Wheels in Munich, Germany, and was delivered to the city early in 2013.[14] The first U.S. version built by Chance was the Capital Wheel at the National Harbor, Md. It opened May 23, 2014.[15][16] Chance Rides/Chance American Wheels will continue to manufacturer and sell R60 wheels in North America under an exclusive license from Dutch Wheels BV.[10]

Notable wheels include:

Roller coasters

Chance Manufacturing's first coaster was the Toboggan, a portable ride in which a small vehicle climbed vertically up a tower then spiraled back down around the same tower. The ride was invented by Walter House of Amarillo, Texas, and Chance acquired the manufacturing rights and started producing it in 1969. It was designed to be a carnival ride, fitting on two trailers, but several units were purchased by amusement parks where they were set up as permanent attractions. Chance manufactured 32 of these units, two of which still operate at a permanent park.[26] In 1998 Chance introduced the Big Dipper children's coaster. With the integration of the D. H. Morgan line into Chance Rides in 2001, the company acquired track manufacturing technology and the ability to offer a variety of coaster designs. D. H. Morgan was an offshoot of Arrow Development, original developer of tubular steel track, first used on Disney's Matterhorn Bobsleds attraction. In 2006, Chance formed an alliance with Vekoma.[27] Chance Rides represented Vekoma in North America and manufactured the steel track for select projects. On October 17, 2012 Chance Rides and Vekoma discontinued their agreement to produce rides together for the North American market.[28]

List of roller coasters


As of 2023, Chance Rides has built 44 roller coasters around the world.[29]

NameModelParkCountryOpenedStatusRef
TobogganTobogganTrimper's RidesUnited States United StatesUnknownRemoved[30]
TobogganTobogganAdventurelandUnited States United StatesUnknownRemoved[31]
TobogganTobogganJenkinson's BoardwalkUnited States United StatesUnknownRemoved[32]
TobogganTobogganGreat Adventure Amusement ParkUnited States United StatesUnknownRemoved[33]
Star WarsTobogganParc AvenueFrance FranceUnknownRemoved[34]
TobogganTobogganPlayland ParkUnited States United StatesUnknownRemoved[35]
TobogganTobogganOld ChicagoUnited States United StatesUnknownRemoved[36]
Swiss TobogganTobogganBoblo IslandCanada CanadaUnknownRemoved[37]
TobogganTobogganShaheen's Fun-O-Rama ParkUnited States United StatesUnknownRemoved[38]
TobogganTobogganCentral Pier Arcade & SpeedwayUnited States United StatesUnknownRemoved[39]
TobogganTobogganFuntown PierUnited States United StatesUnknownRemoved[40]
TobogganTobogganFamily Kingdom Amusement ParkUnited States United StatesUnknownRemoved[41]
TobogganTobogganSportland PierUnited States United States1966Removed[42]
Swamp BuggyTobogganSix Flags AstroWorldUnited States United States1970Removed[43]
TobogganTobogganParc BelmontCanada Canada1970Removed[44]
TobogganTobogganCasino PierUnited States United States1970Removed[45]
TobogganTobogganQueens ParkUnited States United States1970Removed[46]
Swiss TobogganTobogganSanta's Village AZoosment ParkUnited States United States1971Removed[47]
TobogganTobogganHersheyparkUnited States United States1972Removed[48] & [49]
Arctic CatTobogganCrystal Beach ParkCanada Canada1974Removed[50]
UnknownTobogganCal Expo Amusement ParkUnited States United States1975Removed[51]
Swiss TobogganTobogganIn The Game FuntrackersUnited States United States1978Removed[52]
TobogganTobogganStewart Beach ParkUnited States United States1980Removed[53]
TobogganTobogganGhost Town VillageUnited States United States1980Removed[54]
TobogganTobogganLakemont ParkUnited States United States1991Removed[55]
Wild & Wooly Toboggan
Formerly Toboggan
Formerly Earthquake McGoon's Brain Rattler		TobogganLittle Amerricka
Seven Peaks Water Park Duneland
Dogpatch USA		United States United States1993
1989 to 1990
1969 to 1988		Operating[56]
[57]
[58]
JoustBig DipperDutch WonderlandUnited States United States1998Operating[59]
Woodstock Express
Formerly Big Dipper		Big DipperMichigan's AdventureUnited States United States1999Operating[60]
[61]
Gold RushBig DipperWild AdventuresUnited States United States1999Removed[62]
TobogganTobogganGrand Prix Amusements
Arnolds Park		Canada Canada1999
1998		Removed[63]
[64]
Wile E. Coyote's Grand Canyon BlasterBig DipperSix Flags Over TexasUnited States United States2001Operating[65]
TobogganTobogganConneaut Lake ParkUnited States United States2002Removed[66]
The Joker Funhouse Coaster
Formerly Wile E. Coyote Canyon Blaster		Big Dipper CustomSix Flags Over GeorgiaUnited States United States2004Operating[67]
TobogganTobogganClacton Pier
Great Yarmouth Pleasure Beach		United Kingdom United Kingdom2009
1993 to 2000		Removed[68]
[69]
Lightning RunHyper GT-X CoasterKentucky KingdomUnited States United States2014Operating[70]
TobogganTobogganParque de Diversiones Anita Nueva AventuraMexico Mexico2015Operating[71]
Family Roller CoasterBig Dipper CustomWildlife WorldUnited States United States2016Operating[72]
Nickelodeon Slime StreakBig Dipper CustomNickelodeon Universe Theme Park inside the American Dream MeadowlandsUnited States United States2019Operating[73]
TobogganTobogganParque de la HuaychaPeru Peru2022Operating[74]
Space Moon
Toboggan		TobogganAnimalia
Adventureland		Brazil Brazil
United States United States		2023
1973 to 1979		Operating[75]
Hot Wheels Boneshaker: The Ultimate RideFamilyMattel Adventure ParkUnited States United States2024Under construction[76]
Hot Wheels Twin Mill RacerHyper GT-X Looping CoasterMattel Adventure ParkUnited States United States2024Under construction[77]

Current models

Past models

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Seifert, Jeffrey (November 2011), "Chance Rides celebrates 50 years of fun and thrills", Amusement Today, 15 (8.2): 28–30
  2. ↑ "Southern Pacific Railroad Steam Locomotive No. 1". California Department of Parks and Recreation. Retrieved June 2, 2014.
  3. ↑ "About the Author". Maker of Dreams. Archived from the original on February 13, 2015. Retrieved August 23, 2016. In December 1986, when Chance Rides, Inc. acquired Bradley & Kaye, a Long Beach, California based ride manufacturer specializing in children's rides and carrousel animals, Swinson saw a new opportunity for Chance Rides in the shopping center industry, which he was already familiar with because of his commercial real estate background.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Seifert, Jeffrey (September 2011), "For 50 years, Chance Rides delivers rides, fun to the amusement industry", Amusement Today, 15 (6.2): 32
  5. ↑ "Wichita amusement park ride manufacturer sold to private firm". www.kake.com. Retrieved July 1, 2023.
  6. ↑ Meares, Hadley (November 1, 2013). "Beverly Park and Ponyland: The 'Kiddieland' that Inspired Walt Disney". KCET. Retrieved February 5, 2015.
  7. ↑ Chance, Harold (2004). The Book of Chance. Wichita, Kansas: Wichita Press. p. 44. ISBN 0-9649065-0-3.
  8. ↑ Chance, Harold (2004). The Book of Chance. Wichita, Kansas: Wichita Press. p. 56. ISBN 0-9649065-0-3.
  9. ↑ "Ferris Wheel Comes Full Circle". New York Times. May 20, 2001. Retrieved January 17, 2016.
  10. 1 2 "Dutch Wheels expands its activities into the North American market". Amusement Today. October 31, 2012. Retrieved November 4, 2012.
  11. ↑ "One of a Kind 'Giant Wheel' Debuts in Niagara Falls, Canada". PRWeb. Archived from the original on July 31, 2020. Retrieved August 23, 2020.
  12. ↑ Voorhis, Dan (January 16, 2014). "Chance Rides of Wichita building 175-foot-tall observation wheel for resort outside D.C." The Wichita Eagle. Archived from the original on June 5, 2014. Retrieved June 2, 2014.
  13. ↑ "R80XL Giant Wheel – CHANCE RIDES".
  14. ↑ "Chance Rides signs exclusive deal with Bussink Design". Amusement Today. October 20, 2012. Retrieved October 21, 2012.
  15. ↑ "Capital Ferris Wheel En Route to National Harbor". CBS DC. February 18, 2014. Retrieved September 2, 2018.
  16. ↑ "Bussink Design sets new World Record with R80 XL!". Bussink Design. Archived from the original on April 3, 2015. Retrieved January 15, 2013.
  17. ↑ Rice, Bill (June 10, 1989). "Much to do in Lake George". Schenedtady Gazette. Retrieved October 22, 2012.
  18. ↑ "Cleveland I-X Center". About.com. April 10, 2012. Archived from the original on January 17, 2013. Retrieved October 21, 2012.
  19. ↑ "I-X Center Facility Overview". I-X Center. 1999. Archived from the original on November 1, 2012. Retrieved October 21, 2012.
  20. ↑ Balint, Ed (March 17, 2023). "Soaring 125 feet over Canton: What's it like atop the Hall of Fame Village Red Zone wheel?". The Repository. Retrieved April 30, 2023.
  21. ↑ "Chance Giant Wheel Draws Guests to new addition at Hersheypark" (Press release). Chance Rides. July 18, 1996.
  22. ↑ "Chance Giant Wheel and other Chance products help Clementon Amusement Park cash in on family appeal" (Press release). Chance Rides. August 6, 1997.
  23. ↑ "Breathtaking views of Niagara Falls Aboard the First Chance Morgan R60 Giant Wheel" (PDF). Retrieved October 21, 2012.
  24. ↑ "New R60 Giant Wheel Coming to Myrtle Beach, SC" (PDF). Retrieved October 21, 2012.
  25. ↑ "Chance Rides Blog". Chance Rides. August 8, 2012. Archived from the original on December 2, 2012. Retrieved October 21, 2012.
  26. ↑ Chance, Harold (2004). The Book of Chance. Wichita, Kansas: Wichita Press. p. 48. ISBN 0-9649065-0-3.
  27. ↑ "Vekoma Rides Manufacturing BV - Sales & Marketing". Retrieved February 25, 2012.
  28. 1 2 "Chance Rides & Vekoma Rides decide to discontinue North America coop". Amusement Today. October 17, 2012. Retrieved October 18, 2012.
  29. ↑ "Chance Rides (Wichita, Kansas, United States)". rcdb.com.
  30. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Toboggan  (Trimper's Rides)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  31. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Toboggan  (Adventureland)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  32. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Toboggan  (Jenkinson's Boardwalk)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  33. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Toboggan  (Great Adventure Amusement Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  34. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Toboggan  (Parc Avenue)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  35. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Toboggan  (Playland Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  36. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Toboggan  (Old Chicago)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  37. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Swiss Toboggan  (Boblo Island)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  38. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Toboggan  (Shaheen's Fun-O-Rama Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  39. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Toboggan  (Central Pier Arcade & Speedway)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  40. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Toboggan  (Funtown Pier)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  41. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Toboggan  (Family Kingdom Amusement Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  42. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Toboggan  (Sportland Pier)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  43. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Swamp Buggy  (Six Flags AstroWorld)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  44. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Toboggan  (Parc Belmont)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  45. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Toboggan  (Casino Pier)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  46. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Toboggan  (Queens Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved December 24, 2021.
  47. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Swiss Toboggan  (Santa's Village AZoosment Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  48. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Toboggan  (Hersheypark)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  49. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Toboggan  (Hersheypark)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  50. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Arctic Cat  (Crystal Beach)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  51. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Unknown  (Cal Expo Amusement Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  52. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Swiss Toboggan  (In The Game Funtrackers)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved December 24, 2021.
  53. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Toboggan  (Stewart Beach Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  54. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Toboggan  (Ghost Town Village)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  55. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Toboggan  (Lakemont Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  56. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Wild & Wooly Toboggan  (Little Amerricka)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  57. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Toboggan  (Seven Peaks Water Park Duneland)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  58. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Earthquake McGoon's Brain Rattler  (Dogpatch USA)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  59. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Joust  (Dutch Wonderland)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  60. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Woodstock Express  (Michigan's Adventure)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved December 24, 2021.
  61. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Big Dipper  (Michigan's Adventure)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  62. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Gold Rush  (Wild Adventures)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  63. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Toboggan  (Grand Prix Amusements)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  64. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Toboggan  (Arnolds Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  65. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Wile E. Coyote's Grand Canyon Blaster  (Six Flags Over Texas)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  66. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Toboggan  (Conneaut Lake Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  67. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Joker Funhouse Coaster  (Six Flags Over Georgia)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  68. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Toboggan  (Clacton Pier)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  69. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Toboggan  (Great Yarmouth Pleasure Beach)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  70. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Lightning Run  (Kentucky Kingdom)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  71. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Toboggan  (Parque de Diversiones Anita Nueva Aventura)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved December 24, 2021.
  72. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Family Roller Coaster  (Wildlife World)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  73. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Nickelodeon Slime Streak  (Nickelodeon Universe Theme Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  74. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Toboggan  (Parque de la Huaycha)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved December 24, 2021.
  75. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Space Moon  (Animalia)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved December 24, 2021.
  76. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Hot Wheels Boneshaker: The Ultimate Ride  (Mattel Adventure Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved December 24, 2021.
  77. ↑ Marden, Duane. "Hot Wheels Twin Mill Racer  (Mattel Adventure Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
  78. 1 2 3 4 "Chance Rides Carrousels". Chance Rides, Inc. 2013. Retrieved July 1, 2013.
  79. ↑ "Aviator". chancerides.com. Chance Rides, Inc. 2013. Archived from the original on July 11, 2013. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  80. ↑ "CP Huntington Train – CHANCE RIDES".
  81. ↑ "Electric C.P. Huntington Train – CHANCE RIDES". www.chancerides.com. Retrieved November 23, 2023.
  82. ↑ "Century Wheel". chancerides.com. Chance Rides, Inc. 2013. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  83. ↑ "DGW 35 Gondola Wheel – CHANCE RIDES". Archived from the original on October 4, 2018. Retrieved January 2, 2018.
  84. ↑ "DGW 45 Gondola Wheel – CHANCE RIDES". Archived from the original on October 4, 2018. Retrieved January 2, 2018.
  85. ↑ "Electric Cars". chancerides.com. Chance Rides, Inc. 2013. Archived from the original on July 11, 2013. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  86. ↑ "Family Coasters — Big Dipper". chancerides.com. Chance Rides, Inc. 2013. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  87. ↑ "Freestyle". chancerides.com. Chance Rides, Inc. 2013. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  88. ↑ "Giant Wheel". chancerides.com. Chance Rides, Inc. 2013. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  89. ↑ "Hypercoaster" (PDF). chancerides.com. Chance Rides, Inc. 2013. Retrieved July 1, 2013.
  90. ↑ "Hyper GT-X Coaster". chancerides.com. Chance Rides, Inc. 2013. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  91. ↑ "GXL 200 Wheel – CHANCE RIDES". Archived from the original on August 6, 2020. Retrieved August 23, 2020.
  92. ↑ Rutherford, Scott (November 2011), "Chance SkyWheel lights up Myrtle Beach tourism business", Amusement Today, 15 (8.2): 30
  93. ↑ "Chance Rides Wheels". chancerides.com. Chance Rides, Inc. 2013. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  94. 1 2 "Chance Rides Revolution". chancerides.com. Chance Rides, Inc. 2013. Archived from the original on July 11, 2013. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  95. ↑ "Unicoaster". chancerides.com. Chance Rides, Inc. 2013. Archived from the original on July 12, 2013. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  96. ↑ "Unicoaster 2.0 – CHANCE RIDES".
  97. ↑ "Wipout" (PDF). chancerides.com. Chance Rides, Inc. 2013. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  98. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Chance, Harold (2004). The Book of Chance. Wichita, Kansas: Wichita Press. pp. 35–67. ISBN 0-9649065-0-3.
  99. ↑ Burton, David. "Chaos". Amusement Ride Extravaganza. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  100. ↑ Burton, David. "Inverter". Amusement Ride Extravaganza. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  101. ↑ "Rides & Attraction — Music Fest". Helm & Sons Amusements. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  102. ↑ "Observation Tower". chancerides.com. Chance Rides, Inc. 2013. Archived from the original on July 19, 2013. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  103. ↑ "Chance Rides service bulletin" (PDF). Leisure Technical Consultants Limited. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  104. ↑ Hollis, Tim (2006). Images of America: Six Flags Over Georgia. Charleston, S.C.: Arcadia Publishing. p. 101. ISBN 0-7385-4358-6.
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