CHRIST (Deemed to be University)
Former names
Christ College,
Christ University
MottoExcellence and Service
TypePrivate, Deemed University
Established15 July 1969 (1969-07-15)
AffiliationCatholic[1]
ChancellorFr Varghese Vithayathil, CMI [1]
Vice-ChancellorDr. Fr. Joseph C C, CMI[2]
RegistrarDr Anil Joseph Pinto[2]
Academic staff
1100+[3]
Students23,821(2021)[4]
Undergraduates16,456(2021)[1]
Postgraduates5,589 (2021)[1]: 15 
Address
Hosur Rd, Bhavani Nagar, S.G. Palya, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560029
,
Bangalore
,
Karnataka
,
India
CampusUrban
LanguageEnglish
ColoursBlue, White and Canary[5]
     
Websitechristuniversity.in
CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Main Campus Gate

Christ, also known as Christ University, is a deemed-to-be-university located in Bangalore, Karnataka, India.[6] Founded in 1969 as Christ College, the University Grants Commission (UGC) conferred autonomy to the college in 2004. On 22 July 2008, it was declared as an institution deemed to be university under section 3 of UGC Act 1956 by the Ministry of Education.[7]

Christ is under the management of the priests of the Catholic religious order, Carmelites of Mary Immaculate (CMI), part of Syro Malabar Major Archiepiscopal Church. In 2016, the university was accredited by National Assessment and Accreditation Council with A+ Grade.[8]

History

Christ (Deemed to be University) was born out of the educational vision of St. Kuriakose Elias Chavara, an educationist and social reformer of the nineteenth century in South India.[9] Chavara founded the first indigenous Catholic congregation Carmelites of Mary Immaculate (CMI) in 1831, which administers Christ (Deemed to be University).[9] Established in 1969 as Christ College, the University Grants Commission (UGC) of India conferred autonomy to Christ College in 2004[10] and identified it as an "institution with potential for excellence" in 2006.[11] In 2008 under section 3 of the UGC Act, 1956, the Ministry of Human Resource Development of the Government of India, declared the institution a "deemed to be university" in the name and style of Christ University. Later in 2018, upon the direction of Supreme Court of India, the word university was removed, thus making it Christ (Deemed to be University).[12] Christ was one of the first institutions in India to be accredited in 1998 by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC), and subsequently in 2004, 2016 and 2022 had been awarded Grade 'A+' on 4-point scale.[13]

Campus

  • Bangalore Central Campus
CHRIST (Deemed to be University) during Christmas

The university's main campus is spread over 25 acres (10 ha) and is part of the 100-acre (40 ha) Dharmaram College Campus in the central part of Bangalore city. It is on the extension of Hosur Road (NH 7) opposite the Bangalore Dairy Circle Flyover. The city campus is close to residential localities such as BTM Layout, a residential and commercial area; Koramangala, another large neighborhood; and Jayanagar, one of the largest residential neighborhoods in Bangalore.

  • Bangalore Kengeri Campus

In 2009, CHRIST (Deemed to be University) opened its Kengeri campus, which is spread over 90 acres at Kengeri on the Bangalore-Mysore Expressway NH 275 and houses the School of Engineering and Technology; the PU Residential College; the School of Business and Management, which offers Master of Business Administration (MBA) and Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) programs; the School of Social Sciences offering Bachelor of Science in psychology with Honours; as well as the School of Architecture, which was started officially from 2017.[14]

  • Bangalore Bannerghatta Road Campus

CHRIST (Deemed to be University) also has a campus in Hulimavu on Bannerghatta Road, inaugurated in May 2016.[15]

  • Bangalore Yeshwanthpur Campus

CHRIST (Deemed to be University) opened its campus in Yeshwanthpur in July 2022, which started functioning from August 2022. The campus is 10 stories tall and spread over 1.6 million square feet of space.

  • Delhi NCR Campus

This is the off-campus of CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Located in Ghaziabad, Delhi NCR established in 2013.[16]

  • Pune Lavasa Campus
CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Pune Lavasa Campus

The Pune Lavasa Campus also known as the Analytical hub of CHRIST (Deemed to be University) is an off-Campus Institution of CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Bangalore, located within the Sahyadri mountain range in Lavasa, Pune which was established in 2014, the Campus is spread over 28 acres. [17] [18] [19]

Organization and administration

The university is managed by the CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Trust, which in turn is organized by the CMI congregation, under the Syro Malabar Major Archiepiscopal Church. The chancellor of the university is always the rector of the Dharmaram Pontifical Seminary.[20] The present vice-chancellor is Dr. Fr. Joseph C C.

Controversies

Sexual Harassment During Online Examination Allegations

In June 2021, Christ (Deemed to be University) in Bengaluru faced controversy following allegations made by a female student regarding the inappropriate behavior of a proctor during an online examination.[21][22] The student shared screenshots on social media platforms, where the proctor allegedly addressed her as "baby" when she inquired about submitting her answers in PDF format during an end-semester examination. The screenshots quickly went viral, leading to widespread criticism.

In response to the allegations, Dr. Abraham V M, the Vice-Chancellor of the institution, stated that the university had constituted a two-member committee of faculty members to investigate the matter. The university clarified that while they had not received any formal complaint from students, they had taken cognizance of the issue based on the social media posts regarding the proctor's behavior. The Karnataka unit of the National Students Union of India (NSUI) also got involved, with plans to approach the University Grants Commission with a detailed report on the incidents of alleged misconduct at the university.

Student Protests Over University Regulations

In 2016, Christ University in Bengaluru witnessed a wave of student discontent, leading to a silent protest.[23][24][25] The grievances primarily revolved around the university's strict regulations, including its 85% attendance requirement and dress codes.

Genesis of the Protest

The initial spark for the protest was a blog post by a second-year BSc student, Sumedha Biswas, from the Hosur Road campus. She expressed frustration over the university's decision not to declare a holiday during a three-day bus strike. This decision affected many students who relied on public transport and were at risk of not meeting the attendance requirement. Biswas's post highlighted the challenges faced by students who don't reside close to the campus.

Faculty Dismissal and Dress Code Issues

Further fueling the discontent was the alleged dismissal of an economics professor from the Bannerghatta campus. An anonymous blog post claimed that the professor was fired for questioning the university's marking scheme and for refusing to announce a new dress code rule in class. The Bannerghatta campus, primarily catering to management students, had imposed dress codes that some humanities students felt were unfairly applied to them.

Key Grievances Outlined by Students

  • The stringent 85% attendance requirement.
  • Strict dress codes, including a rule against rolling up sleeves.
  • Not declaring holidays during bandhs and strikes.
  • The Student Council being appointed rather than elected, leaving students feeling they lacked a platform to voice their concerns.
  • Discrepancies in assessment percentages between the Hosur Road and Bannerghatta Road campuses.

University's Response

John Joseph Kennedy, Dean of Humanities & Social Sciences at the Hosur Road campus, stated that the university only declares holidays if the government does so. He emphasized that attendance could always be made up and that students who felt unsafe during bandhs or strikes were not obligated to attend.

Allegations of Sexual Harassment and Oppressive Rules

Christ University faced severe backlash and criticism for alleged incidents of sexual harassment by senior faculty members and the imposition of what were perceived as oppressive and draconian rules on students.[26]

Incidents of Harassment

An anonymous student from Christ University detailed her experiences with sexual harassment by senior faculty members in a blog post.[27] She recounted instances where professors made inappropriate comments and advances towards her and other female students. One professor, part of the college administration, was noted for his conceited remarks on female students' appearances and was known to have been previously accused of sexual harassment. Another professor allegedly flirted with female students and made inappropriate comments about their relationships with male classmates.

Support for Student Protests

The anonymous blog post was in solidarity with the student protest happening at the Bannerghatta campus against the 'draconian dress code'. A faculty member who supported the ongoing student protest against the restrictive dress code and other oppressive rules was allegedly asked to quit. Students were reportedly punished for having friends of the opposite gender, and surprise checks were conducted at girls' hostels by authorities at odd hours.

Alleged Oppression and Character Assassination

Students, particularly females, were subjected to character judgments based on their appearance and behavior. Instances were reported where students were pulled up for their appearance, accused of distracting classmates, and subjected to character assassination for carrying cosmetics or wearing leggings. The university's rules and the administration's actions were perceived as attempts to stifle expressions of solidarity among students and crush any dissenting voices.[28]

Response and Repercussions

The allegations and the experiences shared by the students highlighted the need for a safer and more inclusive environment within the university. The incidents underscored broader societal issues related to gender, morality, and the rights of students within educational institutions.

Allegations of Sexist Dress Codes and Moral Policing

In recent years, Christ University in Bengaluru has faced criticism for its alleged sexist dress codes and moral policing practices, which many students and activists argue perpetuate gender bias and discrimination.[29][30][31]

Stringent Dress Code Rules

The university has imposed strict dress code rules, especially targeting female students. These rules prohibit leggings, kurtas that are knee-length or shorter, and mandate the wearing of a dupatta. Women students are even restricted from wearing Lucknowi kurtas due to their often translucent sleeves. The enforcement of these rules is carried out by security guards who determine whether a student can enter the campus based on their attire.

Moral Policing and Gender Bias

Students have reported instances of being sent back from the university gates by security personnel due to perceived dress code violations. One M.A. student shared an experience where, after being sent back to change her outfit and returning, she was denied entry for being 10 minutes late. This, coupled with the university's stringent 85% mandatory attendance rule, has caused significant distress among students. Furthermore, interactions between male and female students are reportedly frowned upon by the university authorities, leading to accusations of moral policing.

UGC Regulations and Private Universities

The University Grants Commission (UGC) has guidelines stating that safety concerns for female students should not be used as a reason to impose discriminatory rules. These guidelines emphasize that campus safety policies should not result in over-monitoring, policing, or curtailing the freedom of movement, especially for female students and employees. However, these regulations primarily apply to central universities affiliated with UGC and some state universities receiving UGC funding. Private universities, like Christ, are not necessarily bound by these guidelines.

Call for Change

A campaign initiated on Jhatkaa.org called for the UGC to extend its non-discriminatory regulations to all 'deemed to be' universities, including Christ University. The campaign also demanded that Christ University repeal its discriminatory dress codes.

Controversy Over Tenure Duration

Source:[32]

In February 2023, a controversy arose surrounding the tenure of Fr Abraham V. M, the Vice-Chancellor of Christ (Deemed to be University) in Bengaluru. The Carmelites of Mary Immaculate (CMI), the management of the institution, was alleged to be curtailing the five-year term prescribed by the University Grants Commission (UGC) for Vice-Chancellors. Fr Abraham V. M, who began his term on March 1, 2019, was initially appointed for three years. He received a one-year extension in 2022, concluding his term on February 28, 2023.

Internal Communications and Allegations

Fr Abraham V. M communicated his concerns to the university's chancellor, Fr Paul Achandy, pointing out alleged inconsistencies in the appointment of a new Vice-Chancellor. He emphasized that the appointment process might be in violation of UGC regulations. The Vice-Chancellor's concerns were primarily centered on the UGC's requirement for Vice-Chancellors to serve five-year terms. Additionally, in a letter dated February 27, he highlighted that a UGC member on the selection committee insisted on a public advertisement for the Vice-Chancellor position, a view that was not shared by the other committee members.

Response from CMI

The CMI, in its internal communications, maintained that the requirement for issuing a notification inviting applications for the Vice-Chancellor position was not applicable to Christ (deemed university) due to its 'minority status'. The prior general of CMI, Thomas C Mathew, did not comment on the decision to limit Fr Abraham's tenure to four years, despite previous Vice-Chancellors serving five-year terms.

Controversy Surrounding Deemed University Status

In 2008, Christ College was involved in a controversy surrounding the granting of deemed university status.[33] The institute is now a deemed to be university.[34][35][36][37][38] Questions arose about the legitimacy of the "No-Objection Certificates" (NoC) issued by Bangalore University for the grant of this status to private colleges affiliated with it.

According to the established norms, an NoC from Bangalore University is required to be submitted to the University Grants Commission (UGC) for the grant of deemed university status. Christ College was granted this status on July 22, based on an order from the Union Ministry of Human Resource Development, following recommendations from the UGC. However, the process leading up to this decision became a point of contention.

The State government had previously decided not to recommend any institution for the conferment of deemed status. Despite this, Bangalore University's Registrar, Sanjay Vir Singh, sent a letter to the UGC on May 13, which, while not explicitly recommending an NoC for Christ College, mentioned that the university had no objections to the enrollment of students already approved by the university. This statement was interpreted by the UGC as an NoC. Some members of the Bangalore University Syndicate viewed this as a violation of both the university's and the State government's decisions.

When questioned, Mr. Singh clarified that he had included the Principal Secretary's letter with his communication to the UGC and that these letters had been approved by the Vice-Chancellor

Higher cut-off for female students

Reports emerged that Christ University had set a higher cut-off for female students applying to pre-university courses. The Vice-Chancellor of the university justified this decision by stating that girls are generally smarter, and without a higher cut-off, the college would predominantly have female students. This decision was seen by many as a way to penalize female students for their academic achievements.[39]

Academics

The university has over 30,000 students and more than 1200 faculty members across all campuses.[40][41][42] It has a foreign student community of about 700 from 58 nationalities.[43] The university offers nationally and internationally recognised undergraduate, postgraduate and research programmes.

Academic programmes

Undergraduate programmes

BGR Campus Front view

The university offers over 50 undergraduate programmes in humanities, social sciences, science, commerce and management, education, law and engineering. Undergraduate programmes are of three-year duration except in the case of Bachelor of Education (BEd, two years), Bachelor of Hotel Management (BHM, four years), Bachelor of Laws (LLB, five years), Bachelor of Technology (BTech, four years) and an integrated BTech/MTech or MBA (five years). Except for Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA), Bachelor of Commerce (BCom), Bachelor of Arts (BA) and Bachelor of Science (BSc) programmes follow a Triple Major system.[42]

Wikipedia in the undergraduate programme
Wikipedia workshop for second language students

The institution entered into a memorandum of understanding with the Centre for Internet and Society, Bangalore to make article writing on Wikipedia a core exercise for the continuous internal assessment of its 1600 undergraduate students in Hindi, Kannada, Tamil, Sanskrit and Urdu.[44] The Hindi and Kannada articles may be found at collection of Hindi articles and collection of Kannada articles.

Post-graduate programmes

The university offers 47 master's, 17 Master of Philosophy and 21 PhD degree programmes in Humanities, Social Sciences, Science, Law, Education, commerce and management, and Engineering. Masters programmes are of two years duration, except for Master of Computer Science and Master of Law which are three years and one-year duration, respectively.

Publications

The university has published over 220 books in Kannada, through Kannada Sangha, a non-profit organisation of the university promoting Kannada.

Membership

The university is a member of the Association of Indian Universities,[45] International Federation of Catholic Universities (IFCU)[46] and Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business(AACSB)[47]

Rankings

According to the QS India rankings for 2020, Christ is positioned 20–25. In 2019, Christ was ranked 19. Among Asian universities it is ranked 501–550.[48]

According to India Today Best Universities Survey 2022 Christ University is Ranked 2 in General (Private) University Category.

According to India Today MDRA Survey of Excellence National Rankings, Best Colleges of India - Christ University is Ranked 1 for BCA Programme, Ranked 4 for BBA, Ranked 7 for Commerce, Ranked 7 for Media and Social works, Ranked 9 for Arts.

India Today conducts annual surveys and rates institutions of higher education in India on several parameters. The rankings are summarised in the two tables.

India Today ranking of universities
YearRank 2012Rank 2013[49]Rank 2014[50]Rank 2015[51]Rank 2016[52]Rank 2017[53]Rank 2018[54]Rank 2019Rank 2020[55]
Top University in India 31 23 14 11 16 8 8 - -
Top Private University in India - - 2 - - - 1 2 3
Top Deemed University in India - - - 1 - - - - -
Top South Indian University - - - 5 - - - - -
Top Private University with Max UG Courses - - - - - - 5 - -
India Today higher education ranking
CourseRank 2005[56]Rank 2006[57]Rank 2007[58]Rank 2008[59]Rank 2009[60]Rank 2010[61]Rank 2011[62]Rank 2012[63]Rank 2013[64]Rank 2014[65]Rank 2015[66]Rank 2016[67]Rank 2017[68]Rank 2018[69]Rank 2019[70]Rank 2020[71]Rank 2021[72]
Bachelor of Business Administration NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 4 4
Bachelor of Computer Application NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1
Mass Communication NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 3 3 3 2 3 7 8 8 8
Science 10 10 10 8 13 7 6 6 4 4 3 3 1 8 8 9 11
Commerce NA NA 5 6 4 5 5 6 5 4 4 3 2 5 NA 7 NA
Humanities NA 12 8 6 6 8 5 6 10 6 4 3 3 7 NA 8 NA
Law NA NA NA NA NA NA 15 16 13 12 12 7 5 10 11 12 16
Hotel Management NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 4 6 8 11 11 12
Master of Social Work NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 6 7 6 6

The Week, in association with Hansa research conducted the Week-Hansa research survey and the rankings are listed in the table

The Week-Hansa Research Survey
CourseRank 2015[73]Rank 2019[74]Rank 2020[75]Rank 2021[76]
Arts (All India) 9 12 13 10
Arts (South Zone) - - - 3
Arts (Bengaluru) - - - 1
Commerce (All India) 6 8 8 9
Commerce (South Zone) - - - 3
Commerce (Bengaluru) - - - 1
Science (All India) 8 16 13 11
Science (South Zone) - - - 4
Science (Bengaluru) - - - 1
Law (All India) 26 16 15 12
Law (Private All India) - - 4 4
Law (South Zone) - - - 3
Law (Private South Zone) - - 1 1
Hotel Management (All India) 15 - - -
The Week-Hansa Research on India's Best University Survey
CategoryRank 2021[77][78]
Top Multi-Disciplinary Universities (All India) 32
Top Multi-Disciplinary Universities (South Zone) 13
Top Private Multi-Disciplinary Universities (All India) 5
Top Non-Government (Private & Deemed) Multi-Disciplinary Universities (South Zone) 2
THE WEEK-Hansa Research Best B-Schools Survey
CategoryRank 2021[79]
Top B-Schools (All India) 41
Top Private B-Schools (All India) 27
Top B-Schools (South Zone) 9
Top Private B-Schools (South Zone) 5
Top B-Schools (Bengaluru) 2
Top Private B-Schools (Bengaluru) 1

Notable alumni

Name Field of notability Notes Anjana Menon Malayalam film actress
Ankur Betageri poet, fiction writer, art activist
Apurva Kasaravalli Kannada Film Director
Arvind Venugopal Playback singer in Malayalam Film Industry
Francis George former Member of Parliament represented the Idukki Constituency, Chairman of Janadhipathya Kerala Congress
Gautham Karthik Tamil film actor [80]
Gokul Suresh Malayalam Film Actor [81]
Gouri G. Kishan actress
Gouri Kishan Malayalam film actress
Jahnavi Kamath film actress
K M Chaitanya Kannada film maker, theatre director
Krishna Byre Gowda M.L.A. Karnataka President, Karnataka Youth Congress
Leona Lishoy Indian film actress and model
M. N. Reddi senior officer in the Indian Police Service
Madhukeshwar Desai CEO, Mumbai Centre for International Arbitration (MCIA) National Vice President of the Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha
Madonna Sebastian Malayalam film actress debut in the Malayalam film Premam
Meghana Raj South Indian actress
Nanditha Shwetha Kannada actress and South Indian model
Nicole Faria Miss Earth 2010
Nidhhi Agerwal Bollywood and Telugu actress, Yamaha Fascino Miss Diva 2014 finalist
Pearle Maaney actress and model D 4 dance anchor [82]
Pradeep Hegde Wildlife Filmmaker [83]
Prateik Jain Model
Priya Vadlamani Model and Telugu Film Actress
Raja Krishna Menon film writer, director and producer[84]
Reba Monica John South Indian actress debuted in the movie Jacobinte Swargarajyam [85]
Rima Kallingal Malayalam film actress [86]
Roysten Abel Indian theatre director and playwright
Sabbah Haji Director of Haji Public School[87]
Sabu Varkey Indian Hockey Team Member
Samyukta Hornad Kannada film actress [88]
Shilpi Neha Tirkey Youngest MLA from Jharkhand
Shwetha Srivatsav Kannada Film Actress
Sruthi Hariharan South Indian Actress Debuted in the movie Cinema Company [89]
Vijay Suriya actor [90]
Vineeth Vincent Beatboxer [91]

World records

On 10 January 2011, Christ Junior College, Bangalore, under ensemble director Vineeth Vincent, in an event titled 'Can You Say Beat Box?' created the largest human beatbox ensemble in the Limca Book of Records with 2136 participants.[92][93][94][95] According to the Guinness World Records, the previous record for the largest human beatbox ensemble involved 1,246 participants and was achieved by Vineeth Vincent and Christ University (India) in Bangalore, Karnataka, India, on 5 February 2011.[96] This record was broken by Shlomo on 14 November 2011 with 2,081 participants.[97] The record was broken by Booking.com on 10 December 2013 with 4695 participants.[98]

See also

References

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  2. 1 2 "About Us - Administration". Christ University Official Website. Retrieved 26 May 2023.
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