French colonial governor of Madagascar
Gouverneur colonial français de Madagascar
Seal of the Government-General of Madagascar
Longest serving
Léon Henri Charles Cayla

1 May 1930 – 22 April 1939
Reports toHead of State of France
SeatTananarive
Formation28 April 1886
First holderCharles Le Myre de Vilers (as Plenipotentiary)
Final holderJean Louis Marie André Soucadaux (as High Commissioner)
Abolished1 May 1959
Colony of Madagascar and Dependencies, 1930.

In 1882, the French Third Republic established a protectorate over the Merina Kingdom on the island of Madagascar, with the consent of the United Kingdom. The French position on the island was solidified by the First Madagascar expedition (May 1883 to December 1885, the first phase of the Franco-Hova Wars). The protectorate lasted until 1897, when the French abolished the monarchy and turned the island into a colony, following the Second Madagascar expedition (December 1894 to September 1895, the second and last phase of the Franco-Hova Wars). Afterwards, Madagascar remained part of the French colonial empire until 1958, when the autonomous Malagasy Republic was established. The Republic gained full independence in 1960.

List

(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)

Tenure Incumbent Notes Portrait
Malagasy Protectorate (1882–1897)
28 April 1886 to March 1888Charles Le Myre de Vilers,
Plenipotentiary
1st term
March 1888 to 12 December 1889Paul Augustin Jean Larrouy,
Resident-General
1st term
12 December 1889 to 11 October 1891Maurice Bompard,
Resident-General
11 October 1891 to October 1892Jean Aurélien Lacoste,
Acting Resident-General
October 1892 to 8 September 1894Paul Augustin Jean Larrouy,
Resident-General
2nd term
October 1894Albert d'Anthouard de Waservas,
Acting Resident-General
14 October 1894 to 1 December 1895Charles Le Myre de Vilers,
Plenipotentiary
2nd time; served at the start of the Menalamba rebellion
September 1894 to 21 February 1895Achille Ranchot,
Acting Resident-General
For de Vilers
February 1895 to 1 December 1895Robert Édouard Alphonse Chaloin,
Acting Resident-General
For de Vilers
1 December 1895 to 28 September 1896Hippolyte Laroche,
Resident-General
28 September 1896 to 31 July 1897Joseph Gallieni,
Resident-General
Colony of Madagascar and Dependencies (1897–1958)
6 August 1896 to 31 July 1897Joseph Gallieni,
Military Governor
31 July 1897 to 11 May 1905Joseph Gallieni,
Governor-General
Served during the 1904–1905 uprising
11 May 1905 to 1 January 1906Charles Louis Lépreux,
Acting Governor-General
1 January 1906 to 13 December 1909Victor Augagneur,
Governor-General
13 December 1909 to 16 January 1910Hubert Auguste Garbit,
Acting Governor-General
1st term
16 January 1910 to 31 October 1910Henri François Charles Cor,
Acting Governor-General
31 October 1910 to 5 August 1914Albert Jean George Marie Louis Picquié,
Governor-General
5 August 1914 to 14 October 1914Hubert Auguste Garbit,
Acting Governor-General
2nd term
14 October 1914 to 24 July 1917Hubert Auguste Garbit,
Governor-General
24 July 1917 to 1 August 1918Martial Henri Merlin,
Governor-General
1 August 1918 to 12 July 1919Abraham Schrameck,
Governor-General
12 July 1919 to 22 June 1920Marie Casimir Joseph Guyon,
Acting Governor-General
22 June 1920 to 13 March 1923Hubert Auguste Garbit,
Governor-General
3rd term
13 March 1923 to 20 February 1924Auguste Charles Désiré Emmanuel Brunet,
Acting Governor-General
20 February 1924 to 30 January 1929Marcel Achille Olivier,
Governor-General
30 January 1929 to 1 May 1930Hugues Jean Berthier,
Acting Governor-General
1 May 1930 to 22 April 1939Léon Henri Charles Cayla,
Governor-General
1st term
22 April 1939 to 10 June 1939Léon Maurice Valentin Réallon,
Acting Governor-General
10 June 1939 to 30 July 1940Jules Marcel de Coppet,
Governor-General
1st term
30 July 1940 to 11 April 1941Léon Henri Charles Cayla,
Governor-General
2nd term
11 April 1941 to 30 September 1942Armand Léon Annet,
Governor-General
Deposed in the Battle of Madagascar
5 May 1942 to 11 October 1942Robert Sturges,
Commander
British occupation
11 October 1942 to 1945Gerald Smallwood,
Commander
25 September 1942 to 7 January 1943Anthony Sillery,
Occupied Territories Administrator
30 September 1942 to 7 January 1943Victor Marius Bech,
Acting Governor-General
7 January 1943 to 3 May 1943Paul Louis Victor Marie Legentilhomme,
High Commissioner of Free French Possessions in the Indian Ocean
3 May 1943 to 27 March 1946Pierre de Saint-Mart,
Governor-General
27 March 1946 to 19 May 1946Robert Boudry,
Acting Governor-General
19 May 1946 to 23 December 1947Jules Marcel de Coppet,
High Commissioner
2nd term; served at the start of the Malagasy Uprising
February 1948 to 3 February 1950Pierre Gabriel de Chevigné,
High Commissioner
3 February 1950 to October 1954Robert Isaac Bargues,
High Commissioner
October 1954 to 1 May 1959Jean Louis Marie André Soucadaux,
High Commissioner

See also

Sources

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