| Capped conebill | |
|---|---|
.jpg.webp) | |
| A male in Ecuador | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Thraupidae |
| Genus: | Conirostrum |
| Species: | C. albifrons |
| Binomial name | |
| Conirostrum albifrons Lafresnaye, 1842 | |
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The capped conebill (Conirostrum albifrons) is a species of bird in the family Thraupidae.
It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and heavily degraded former forest.
Taxonomy
The capped conebill was described by Frédéric de Lafresnaye as Ptyonura albifrons, which he regarded as a synonym of Muscisaxicola.[2] From the description provided, the type specimen appears to be a female. It is now placed in the Conirostrum with the other Conebills. The genus name Conirostrum comes from the latin words "conus" which means cone and "rostrum" which means beak or bill. Albifrons means "white-fronted" referring to the white crown that males in the north of the range have. There a currently six recognised subspecies:
- C. a. albifrons - (Lafresnaye, 1842): Central and east Andes of Colombia, Táchira, Venezuela
- C. a. centralandium - (Schauensee, 1946): Antioquia to Cauca in Colombia
- C. a. cyanonotum - (Todd, 1932): Coastal mountains of Venezuela
- C. a. atrocyaneum - (Lafresnaye, 1848): Andes of southwest Colombia, Ecuador, and northern Peru
- C. a. sordidum - (Berlepsch, 1901): Junín in Peru to La Paz in Bolivia
- C. a. lugens - (Berlepsch, 1901): Yungas of eastern Bolivia
Description
The capped conebill is 13-14 cm long and weighs 11.7-21.5 g. Males in the "albifrons" group sport a white crown, with a slaty-black face, breast and neck; a liberty blue shoulder and tail, and a navy blue back. Males in the "atrocyaneum" group have a deep blue cap, back, wing, and tail, and a glaucous shoulder; as well as a slaty breast, neck, and face. Females have a light blue crown and a blue-grey head, a dark yellow body and an olive back and wings. Both sexes have a black slightly-curved bill and grey legs.
Distribution & Habitat
The capped conebill ranges from a separate population in Venezuela around the state of Miranda, through the Andes from Colombia to Peru; and then into the yungas of Peru and Bolivia. It inhabits tropical montane cloud forest from 2000-2800 m
Status
The capped conebill is currently assessed as Least Concern by the IUCN, though its population is suspected to be decreasing.
References
- ↑ BirdLife International (2016). "Conirostrum albifrons". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22722111A94749735. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22722111A94749735.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ↑ Guérin-Méneville, Félix-Édouard (1849). Revue et magasin de zoologie pure et appliquée (in French) (2nd ed.). Paris: Bureau de la Revue et Magasin de Zoologie. p. 235.