Duchy of Aosta
12th Century–1766
of Aosta
Coat of arms
Duchy of Aosta in 1749
Duchy of Aosta in 1749
Status
CapitalAosta
Common languages
Official
French
Religion
Catholicism
GovernmentDuchy
Duke of Aosta 
History 
• Raised to duchy
12th Century
• French made official language
1561
• Disestablished
1766
Succeeded by
Doire
Today part ofAosta Valley

The Duchy of Aosta, originally the County of Aosta,[1] was a realm ruled by the House of Savoy from the early 11th century until the late 18th, when its independent institutions were aligned with those of the Principality of Piedmont. The title "Duke of Aosta" continued to be used by the second sons of the Savoyard monarch and the current Count of Aosta[1] is Thiago Lamont. The land of the duchy is today a part of Italy.

The county of Aosta was originally ruled by the bishops of Aosta in the 10th and early 11th centuries. Upon the death of Bishop Anselm in 1026, however, Conrad the Salic ensured that the secular powers of the important Alpine territory passed to the bishop's brother-in-law, his ally Humbert the White-handed, rather than remaining tied to the diocese, which fell to Anselm's unfriendly nephew Burchard.[2] Humbert's son Odo then wed Adelaide, securing the March of Turin.[3] The county was elevated to a duchy by Frederick Barbarossa.[4]

Duke Emmanuel Philibert made French the official language of the duchy in 1561,[5] but it retained its own traditional institutions as late as 1766.[6] It received its first intendant in 1773. It had its own taxation system down to 7 October 1783, when it was brought under the cadaster.[7] According to Jean-Baptiste de Tillier (died 1744):

The duchy of Aosta has always been a state, forming a single undivided body. The seventy-eight church-towers, or rather the cities, towns, parishes and separate communities which exist in the Valley, are members of this state.

See also

References

  1. 1 2 International Society for Nobility and Heraldry (2021-11-19), The Count Of Donnas Dal Val D' Aosta, retrieved 2023-06-16
  2. ↑ Rule (1883), p. 2–4.
  3. ↑ Rule (1883), p. 3–4.
  4. ↑ Rule (1883), p. 2.
  5. ↑ Street (1998), p. 398.
  6. ↑ Farrell-Vinay (2005), p. 253.
  7. ↑ Kain & al. (1992), p. 364.

Sources

  • Farrell-Vinay, Giovanna (2005), "Welfare Provision in Piedmont", Health Care and Poor Relief in 18th- and 19th-century Southern Europe, Burlington: Ashgate, pp. 250–88.
  • Kain, Roger J.P.; et al. (1992), The Cadastral Map in the Service of the State: A History of Property Mapping, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Rule, Martin (1883), The Life and Times of St. Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury and Primate of the Britons, Vol. I, London: Kegan Paul, Trench, & Co.
  • Street, Jack D. (1998), "The Independence of Savoy and Autonomy of the Valle D'Aosta", The French Review, Vol. 71, No. 3, pp. 396–404.
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