Darlington is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

• Abel Darlington (1810–1897), American politician from Pennsylvania
• Adam de Darlington or Derlingtun, 13th century English churchman based in Scotland
• Annie McCarer Darlington (1836-1907), American poet
• Charles Darlington, (1901–1986) U.S. ambassador to Gabon
• Christy Darlington, (born 1972) American musician
• C. D. Darlington, (1903–1981) English biologist
• Edward Darlington (1795–1884), member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania
• Ian Darlington, (born 1977) English cricketer
• Isaac Darlington (1781–1839), member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania
• James Henry Darlington (1856–1930), first Episcopal bishop of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
• Jay Darlington, (born 1968) English keyboardist
• Jeff Darlington, (born 1981) American sportswriter
• Jennie Darlington (1924–2017), Canadian explorer
• Jermaine Darlington, (born 1974) English association footballer
• Jonathan Darlington, (born 1956) British conductor
• Joseph Darlington (1765–1851), representative in the Legislature of the Northwest Territory (later Ohio)
• Kevin Darlington, (born 1972) Guyana-born American cricketer
• Mike Darlington (born 1989), CEO of Monstercat
• P. Jackson Darlington Jr. (1904–1983), American entomologist and naturalist
• Ralph Darlington, (born 1960s) Professor of Employment Relations at the University of Salford, England
• R. R. Darlington, British historian
• Sidney Darlington, (1906–1997) American electrical engineer
  • Darlington transistor, his invention
• Smedley Darlington (1827–1899), member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania
• Stephen Darlington, (born 1950s) British choral director and conductor
• Tenaya Darlington, (born 1971) American poet
• Ty Darlington (born 1994), American football player
• William Darlington (1782–1863), member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania