David Stern
Stern in 2007
4th Commissioner of the NBA
In office
February 1, 1984 – January 31, 2014
Deputy
Preceded byLarry O'Brien
Succeeded byAdam Silver
Personal details
Born
David Joel Stern

(1942-09-22)September 22, 1942
New York City, U.S.
DiedJanuary 1, 2020(2020-01-01) (aged 77)
New York City, U.S.
Spouse
Dianne Bock
​
(m. 1963)​
Children2
Alma materRutgers University (BA)
Columbia University (JD)
Profession
  • Businessman
  • lawyer

David Joel Stern (September 22, 1942 – January 1, 2020)[1] was an American lawyer and business executive who was the commissioner of the National Basketball Association (NBA) from 1984 to 2014. Stern oversaw NBA basketball's growth into one of the world's most popular sports during the 1990s and 2000s.[2] He is credited with developing and broadening the NBA's audience, especially internationally by setting up training camps, playing exhibition games, and recruiting more international players.[3] In addition, with Stern's guidance the NBA opened 12 offices in cities outside the United States, and broadcast to over 200 territories in over 40 languages.[4] Stern also helped found the Women's National Basketball Association and the NBA G League, the NBA's development league.[5][6] Under Stern, the NBA launched their digital presence with NBA.com, NBA TV, and NBA League Pass. He also established the NBA's social responsibility program, NBA Cares.[7]

Stern started with the NBA in 1966 as an outside counsel, then joined the NBA in 1978 as general counsel and became the league's executive vice president in 1980.[8] He became commissioner in 1984, succeeding Larry O'Brien. After 30 years, Stern retired in 2014 as the longest-tenured commissioner in the history of major North American sports leagues. He was succeeded by Adam Silver.[9] He was inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame and FIBA Hall of Fame. Stern was on the Rutgers University Board of Overseers, a Director of Jazz at Lincoln Center and chair of JALC's Marketing Committee, and was a Chair Emeritus of the Board of Trustees of Columbia University. He was also a member of the Council on Foreign Relations.[10]

Early life

David Stern was born in Manhattan, New York City, one of three children of Anna (née Bronstein, 1918–1990) and William Stern (1918–1980), a Jewish family.[9] He grew up in Teaneck, New Jersey, and his father ran a Jewish delicatessen in the Chelsea neighborhood of Manhattan.[9] Stern grew up a New York Knicks fan, considered Carl Braun his hero,[11] and attended games at Madison Square Garden with his father.[9] He played basketball briefly in adulthood before sustaining a serious right knee injury during a New York Lawyers League game.[9][12]

After graduating from Teaneck High School in 1959, Stern went to Rutgers University, where he was a member of the Sigma Alpha Mu fraternity and graduated in 1963 with a B.A. in history. He then attended Columbia Law School, receiving a J.D. in 1966.[13]

National Basketball Association

Early work

After graduating from law school, Stern joined the law firm of Proskauer, Rose, Goetz & Mendelsohn (now Proskauer Rose), which has long represented the NBA.[9] He was the lead attorney representing the firm in the case of Robertson v. National Basketball Association, the landmark lawsuit brought against the NBA by star player Oscar Robertson. Stern helped the league negotiate a settlement that allowed the NBA/ABA merger to proceed in return for the NBA abolishing the "option" clause in its uniform player contract and allowing players to become free agents for the first time.[14][15][16]

In 1978, Stern left Proskauer Rose to become the NBA's general counsel under Commissioner Larry O'Brien. By 1980, O'Brien promoted Stern to be the NBA's executive vice president for business and legal affairs, which made Stern de facto in charge of marketing, television, and public relations for the league.[17] During this time, Stern largely drove two landmark agreements with the NBA Players' Association: drug testing and team salary cap.[18] An August 1980 report by the Los Angeles Times had estimated that 40 to 75 percent of NBA players used cocaine.[9] The drug testing policy dealt with the perception that the NBA had a drug problem, which it admitted, and it was cleaning it up.[18] The NBA was the first of the major sports leagues in North America to implement a drug testing policy.[9] The salary cap created a revenue-sharing system where owner and player were effectively partners, with players receiving 53 percent of all revenues.[18] Both of these agreements solidified Stern's standing inside NBA circles.[18]

NBA Commissioner

On February 1, 1984, Stern became the Commissioner of the NBA, succeeding O'Brien during the league's recovery from its darkest period.[9] Instead of marketing the league's teams, he changed the focus to its star players, such as Magic Johnson and Larry Bird, and Michael Jordan and Charles Barkley from the 1984 NBA draft, which was held soon after Stern took office.[9][19] Jordan's arrival, in particular, ushered in a new era of commercial bounty for the NBA. With him came his flair and talent for the game, and that brought in shoe contracts from Nike which helped to give the league even more national attention.[20]

Stern guided the league through dwindling viewership en route to global growth.[21] In his first year as commissioner, Stern offered Adrian Paenza, a South American basketball and soccer analyst, and the Argentina Channel 9 the rights to air weekly NBA highlights for $2,000 a year.[22] In 1987, he started the shipping of VHS tapes from his New York office to China's state-run television station to expand the league's reach beyond North America.[23] Stern pushed to allow professionals to participate in the Olympics, helping spawn the 1992 U.S. Olympic team of NBA players, dubbed the "Dream Team", which begat the first wave of international NBA stars.[21]

One of the Dream Team members was Johnson. A year earlier, he announced that he was HIV-positive and retiring from basketball in a press conference with Stern sitting by his side.[24] At the time, the public was afraid of HIV and the disease was demonized.[24] Some people feared it could be transmitted by sweat or a handshake.[24][25] Despite backlash, Stern allowed Johnson to play in the 1992 NBA All-Star Game and later for the Dream Team.[9][24] Having read medical literature and consulted experts, Stern helped inform league owners, players, sponsors and the public about the virus.[24] The NBA put infection-control procedures in place; previously, players were allowed to play while bleeding.[24]

In 1995, the NBA expanded into Canada, introducing the Toronto Raptors and the Vancouver Grizzlies to the league.[9] During Stern's tenure, a total of seven new franchises (the Hornets, Timberwolves, Heat, Magic, Grizzlies, Raptors, and Bobcats) were admitted to the NBA, bringing the number of teams in the league to 30 by 2004.[9][26]

In 2000, it was revealed that the Minnesota Timberwolves had tampered with Joe Smith two years earlier by promising him a more lucrative contract in future years in exchange for signing him below market value so they could sign more players in the short-term. The NBA voided the last year of Smith's contract, fined the franchise $3.5 million and took away the Timberwolves' next three 1st-round NBA draft picks.[27] Although many believed that tampering is a common practice, Stern abided by arbitrator Kenneth Dam's ruling that the Timberwolves had signed the secret agreement, and denied that the league was making an example of the Timberwolves.[28]

Before the 2005–06 season, the NBA announced a new dress code, which banned players from wearing headphones, chains, shorts, sleeveless shirts, indoor sunglasses, T-shirts, jerseys and headgear such as baseball caps during NBA-related public appearances. Allen Iverson criticized the policy: "They're targeting guys who dress like me, guys who dress hip-hop ... I think they went way overboard."[29] A decade later, Stern's edict was credited with spawning a style trend among NBA stars toward high fashion.[24][30]

Stern advocated a minimum age limit for NBA players.[31] Starting with the 2006 NBA draft, players could no longer be selected straight out of high school and needed to be at least 19 years old,[32] creating the one-and-done rule.[33] In 2001, Stern had stated, "If these kids have the ability to get a little more maturity, a little more coaching, a little bit more life experience overall, that's good." He was criticized for his reference to the 18-year-old adults, most of whom were African American, as "these kids", when other professional sports and occupations allowed 18-year-olds.[32]

For the 2006–07 season the NBA introduced a new "microfiber" basketball for use in NBA games, replacing the previous style ball used since 1970. Dallas Mavericks owner Mark Cuban agreed with the need for a new ball, claiming the old style ball was inconsistent.[34][35] Many of the league's most prominent players openly expressed their dislike for the new ball, such as Shaquille O'Neal who said, "Feels like one of those cheap balls that you buy at the toy store."[36] A study, financed by Cuban, claimed that the new ball "bounces 5 to 8% lower than typical leather balls when dropped from 4 feet...[and] the new ball bounces 30% more erratically."[37]

However, Stern initially refused to go back to the original ball despite many complaints by players about the new ball.[38] Two months into the season, the National Basketball Players Association filed a grievance related to the quality of the ball and the cuts it had caused on players' fingers. Stern acknowledged that the NBA "could have done a better job" with the decision and implementation, and that it would have been better to get the players' input in advance.[39] On December 11, 2006, the NBA announced that it would in fact switch back to the leather ball starting on January 1, 2007.[40]

In 2007, Stern injected himself in the controversy surrounding the purchase and subsequent relocation of the Seattle SuperSonics by Oklahoman Clay Bennett and his ownership group. His support for the surprising move from the nation's 14th-largest market to the 45th was questioned by many both in the public and media.[41] Stern's tenure saw the relocation of six NBA franchises.[26]

In the summer of 2011, the NBA lockout cost the league regular-season games for the second time in league history; the first occurred during the 1998–99 lockout.[9] Those were the only times the league has lost games as a result of work stoppages.[42] Stern was known as a relentless negotiator.[42][31] During the 2011 lockout, he was accused by HBO commentator Bryant Gumbel of being "some kind of modern-day plantation overseer",[9][31] a reference to the division between the NBA's primarily white owners and its predominantly black players.[31]

On December 8, 2011, Stern vetoed a three-team trade that would have sent Chris Paul to the Lakers, Lamar Odom to the league-owned Hornets, and Pau Gasol to the Rockets for what a spokesman would only say were "basketball reasons".[43] Early reactions from around the league, fanbase, and media were all largely negative, with players taking to Twitter to express their concerns, and several noted sports journalists criticizing the decision.[44][45] The deal was maligned especially because of the conflict of interest posed by the league's ownership of one of its teams.[46]

On October 25, 2012, Stern announced that he would step down as NBA commissioner on February 1, 2014, after 30 years in the role, longer than each of his three predecessors.[47] He was succeeded by his deputy Adam Silver, but remained affiliated with the league with the title of commissioner emeritus.[4]

Stern received the Olympic Order in 2012. In 2014, Stern was inducted to the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame.[48] In 2016, he became a member of the FIBA Hall of Fame.[49]

Personal life and death

Stern in 2012

Stern was married to Dianne Bock Stern, and they had two sons: Eric and Andrew.[6] They resided in Scarsdale, New York.[50] By the later years of his commissionership, Stern was earning a $9 million salary. He stood at 5 feet 9 inches (1.75 m).[51]

On December 12, 2019, Stern suffered a brain hemorrhage and underwent emergency surgery.[52][53] He died in Manhattan on January 1, 2020, at age 77.[1][9] In remembrance of Stern, all NBA teams wore black bands on their jerseys for the remainder of the 2019–20 season.[54] Several basketball legends and players mourned his death, including LeBron James, Michael Jordan, Magic Johnson, and Kobe Bryant (who also died twenty-five days after Stern's death).[55]

References

  1. 1 2 Owens, Jason (January 1, 2020). "Former NBA commissioner David Stern dies at 77". Yahoo Sports. Verizon Media. Retrieved January 1, 2020.
  2. ↑ "From Corned Beef To Caviar". Sports Illustrated. June 3, 1991.
  3. ↑ DuPree, David. "NBA Finals are whole new world", USA Today, June 14, 2005. Retrieved September 3, 2007.
  4. 1 2 "Former NBA Commissioner David Stern suffers brain hemorrhage". CBS News. December 12, 2019.
  5. ↑ "404". seattlechamber.com. {{cite web}}: Cite uses generic title (help)
  6. 1 2 "David J. Stern". NBA.com. November 9, 2007. Archived from the original on July 17, 2010. Retrieved January 10, 2011.
  7. ↑ "David Stern". NBA.com. June 2017. Retrieved January 2, 2020.
  8. ↑ "David Stern Celebrity". TV Guide. Retrieved November 24, 2014.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Stein, Marc (January 1, 2020). "David Stern, Transformative N.B.A. Leader, Dies at 77". The New York Times. Retrieved January 1, 2020.
  10. ↑ David J. Stern Archived July 17, 2010, at the Wayback Machine, National Basketball Association. Retrieved September 3, 2007.
  11. ↑ He made the lamps rattle: Remembering David Stern, in all his momentous bluster
  12. ↑ Howard-Cooper, Scott (February 12, 1989). "He Passed a Rather Stern Test : NBA No Longer on Rebound, Thanks to Commissioner". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved January 1, 2020.
  13. ↑ Sargeant, Keith (January 28, 2017). "How did ex-NBA commissioner David Stern become the unofficial 'senior advisor' to Rutgers?". NJ.com. Retrieved January 2, 2020.
  14. ↑ "TheBigO.com: About Oscar Robertson – Player of the Century". Archived from the original on January 4, 2012. Retrieved June 18, 2017.
  15. ↑ "Stern Named to Succeed O'Brien". The New York Times. November 16, 1983. Retrieved January 2, 2020.
  16. ↑ "Robertson v. National Basketball Association, 389 F. Supp. 867 (S.D.N.Y. 1975)". Justia.com. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
  17. ↑ "The Profound Legacy of David Stern, the NBA's Most Consequential Off-Court Force". The Ringer.
  18. 1 2 3 4 Halberstam, David (1999). Playing for Keeps: Michael Jordan and the World He Made. Random House. p. 120. ISBN 0-7679-0444-3.
  19. ↑ Helin, Kurt (January 1, 2020). "Former NBA Commissioner David Stern dies at 77". Pro Basketball Talk. Retrieved January 3, 2020.
  20. ↑ Burns, Marty (May 7, 2002). "In terms of dollars, Jordan was NBA's real MVP". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved July 20, 2007.
  21. 1 2 David Stern's legacy is that of a giant
  22. ↑ Wojnarowski, Adrian (January 1, 2020). "NBA commissioner David Stern was a complete force of nature". ESPN. Retrieved January 1, 2020.
  23. ↑ Saying goodbye to Stern: A phone call I’ll never forget, and the plane ride that will never be
  24. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Gregory, Sean (January 2, 2020). "How David Stern Rescued the NBA and Turned Basketball Into a Global Force". Time. Retrieved January 3, 2020.
  25. ↑ Oram, Bill (January 2, 2020). "'Compassion and intelligence' guided David Stern through aftermath of Magic Johnson's HIV announcement". The Athletic. Retrieved January 3, 2020.
  26. 1 2 Young, Dennis (January 1, 2020). "David Stern, former NBA commissioner, dead at 77". New York Daily News. Retrieved January 1, 2020.
  27. ↑ "ESPN.com - GEN - Joe Smith was worth all this trouble?". ESPN.com.
  28. ↑ "Stern: T'wolves put franchise at risk". CNN.
  29. ↑ "NBA dress code upsets black stars". BBC News. October 31, 2005.
  30. ↑ Graham, Zach (November 4, 2016). "How David Stern's NBA Dress Code Changed Men's Fashion". Rolling Stone. Retrieved January 3, 2020.
  31. 1 2 3 4 Golliver, Ben (January 1, 2020). "Behind the NBA's soaring success was David Stern's fighting spirit". The Washington Post. Retrieved January 2, 2020.
  32. 1 2 McCann, Michael (January 2, 2020). "David Stern's Legal Background Proved to be Vital During His Tenure as Commissioner". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved January 2, 2020.
  33. ↑ Bontemps, Tim (April 26, 2018). "The one-and-done rule is on the way out — because of NBA money, not NCAA morals". The Washington Post. Retrieved January 2, 2020.
  34. ↑ "The New NBA Ball". Blog Maverick.
  35. ↑ "The New NBA Ball P2". Blog Maverick.
  36. ↑ "Shaq detests new 'toy store balls'". ESPN.com. October 3, 2006.
  37. ↑ Mahoney, Brian (October 31, 2006). "Study: New NBA ball performs differently". USA Today.
  38. ↑ "Stern confident new NBA ball will win over players". ESPN.com. October 11, 2006.
  39. ↑ Robbins, Liz (December 6, 2006). "A Whole New Game Ball? N.B.A. Admits Its Mistake". The New York Times.
  40. ↑ Roscoe, nance. "NBA to ditch new ball, return to old", USA Today, December 11, 2006. Retrieved September 3, 2007.
  41. ↑ Thiel, Art (April 20, 2008). "Stern and Bennett: Scoundrels must be held accountable". Seattle Post-Intelligencer.
  42. 1 2 "David Stern, longest-serving NBA commissioner, dies aged 77". The Guardian. Associated Press. January 1, 2020. Retrieved January 2, 2020.
  43. ↑ "Los Angeles Lakers deal to acquire Chris Paul off — ESPN Los Angeles". Espn.go.com. December 9, 2011. Retrieved October 26, 2012.
  44. ↑ Wojnarowski, Adrian (December 9, 2011). "Teams still pushing for Paul trade — NBA — Yahoo! Sports". Sports.yahoo.com. Retrieved October 26, 2012.
  45. ↑ Berger, Ken (December 9, 2011). "Nixed Paul deal makes NBA look like second-rate bush league — NBA — CBSSports.com News, Scores, Stats, Fantasy Advice". Cbssports.com. Retrieved October 26, 2012.
  46. ↑ "Bill Simmons laments how far the NBA has fallen in the wake of the Chris Paul situation". Grantland. December 8, 2011. Retrieved October 26, 2012.
  47. ↑ "David Stern has date for retirement". ESPN.com. ESPN. October 25, 2012. Retrieved October 25, 2012.
  48. ↑ "Five Direct-Elect Members Announced for the Class of 2014 by the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame" (Press release). Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame. February 14, 2014. Archived from the original on April 12, 2013. Retrieved February 15, 2014.
  49. ↑ "Former NBA commissioner David Stern inducted into FIBA Hall of Fame". CBSSports.com.
  50. ↑ Ballard, Chris (October 24, 2018). "Pressing Forward: David Stern Is Not Looking Back". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved January 2, 2020.
  51. ↑ NBA commissioner David Stern towered over the league he built
  52. ↑ Draper, Kevin (December 12, 2019). "David Stern Has Surgery for Brain Hemorrhage". The New York Times. Retrieved December 22, 2019.
  53. ↑ Maxouris, Christina; Simko-Bednarski, Evan (December 12, 2019). "Former NBA Commissioner David Stern underwent surgery after sudden brain hemorrhage". CNN. Retrieved December 22, 2019.
  54. ↑ Schwartz, Nick (January 3, 2020). "NBA teams will wear a black band on jerseys to pay tribute to David Stern". USA Today. Retrieved January 10, 2020.
  55. ↑ "LeBron James leads tributes to David Stern". Olympics.com. Retrieved June 24, 2021.
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