Okinawa woodpecker
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Piciformes
Family: Picidae
Genus: Dendrocopos
Species:
D. noguchii
Binomial name
Dendrocopos noguchii
(Seebohm, 1887)
     Resident
Synonyms

Sapheopipo noguchii

The Okinawa woodpecker (Dendrocopos noguchii), (ノグチゲラ, きーたたちゃー, Noguchigera) is a woodpecker endemic to the Okinawa Prefecture of Japan.

Taxonomy

Other common names for this species are Noguchi's woodpecker, Okinawan woodpecker, Pryer's woodpecker and Ryukyu woodpecker.[2] Some taxonomic authorities place this species in the monotypic genus Sapheopipo.[3]

Description

This is a medium-sized (31 cm), dark woodpecker. It is dark brown in color with red-tipped feathers. It has white spots on the primaries. The head is a paler brown, with a dark red crown on the male and a blackish-brown one on the female. The call is a sharp whit call and a variable kyu-kyu kup kup kup or kyu kyu kup.

Habitat

Their breeding habitat is subtropical, evergreen broad-leaved forest that is at least 30 years old on Okinawa Island, with tall trees of more than 20 cm in diameter. Nesting is between late February and May.

Conservation

This woodpecker is critically endangered. It has a single tiny, declining population which is threatened by habitat loss of mature forest due to logging, dam construction, agriculture, military and golf course developments. A major problem now is that one of their main habitats is being destroyed. The current population is estimated at less than 600. This species is suspected to be declining at a rate of 10-19% over ten years, as a result of ongoing clearance of old-growth forests.

This woodpecker is legally protected in Japan. It occurs in Yonaha-dake Prefecture Protection Area and small protected areas on Mount Ibu and Mount Nishime and conservation organisations have purchased sites where it occurs, but it is mainly found in the Okinawa Prefecture. In 1996, Yambaru was designated as a national park.

Threats to the species

The habitat of the Okinawa woodpecker is threatened by the construction of six new American helipads[4][5] located about 9.5 km Southwest of the Yanbaru forest of Takae. The lives of the birds themselves are also put at risk by the flights of V-22 Ospreys over the island.[6]

References

  1. ↑ BirdLife International. (2018) [amended version of 2016 assessment]. "Dendrocopos noguchii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22681531A125513230. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22681531A125513230.en. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
  2. ↑ "Okinawa Woodpecker". Avibase.
  3. ↑ Winkler, Hans; Kotaka, Nobuhiko; Gamauf, Anita; Nittinger, Franziska; Haring, Elisabeth (2005). "On the phylogenetic position of the Okinawa woodpecker (Sapheopipo noguchii)". Journal of Ornithology. 146 (2): 103–110. doi:10.1007/s10336-004-0063-4. S2CID 44641890.
  4. ↑ "Gov't seeks to register Okinawa forest utilized as US military training field as world heritage site - @JapanPress_wky".
  5. ↑ "LA Times article about an Okinawan attempting to keep Okinawan language alive".
  6. ↑ "Ospreys drive Okinawa woodpeckers from Takae; watchers warn".
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