Ibn Saud
Imam and Founder of the Third Saudi State
Official Portrait of King Abdulaziz, the founder of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
King of Saudi Arabia
Reign23 September 1932 – 9 November 1953
Bay'ah23 September 1932
PredecessorPost established
SuccessorSaud
Emir/Sultan/King of Nejd
Reign13 January 1902 – 23 September 1932[note 1]
PredecessorAbdulaziz bin Mutaib (as Emir of Jabal Shammar)
SuccessorHimself (as King of Saudi Arabia)
King of Hejaz
Reign8 January 1926 – 23 September 1932[note 1]
PredecessorAli bin Hussein
SuccessorHimself (as King of Saudi Arabia)
Born(1875-01-15)15 January 1875
Riyadh, Nejd
Died9 November 1953(1953-11-09) (aged 78)
Shubra Palace, Ta'if, Saudi Arabia
Burial
Al Oud cemetery, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Spouses
See list
Issue
among others...
See list
Names
Abdulaziz bin Abdul Rahman bin Faisal Al Saud
HouseHouse of Saud
FatherAbdul Rahman bin Faisal, Emir of Nejd
MotherSara bint Ahmed Al Sudairi
Occupation
  • Tribal chieftain
  • religious leader
  • politician[note 2]
Military career
AllegianceSaudi Arabia
Battles/wars

Abdulaziz bin Abdul Rahman Al Saud (1875–1953), the founder and first king of Saudi Arabia, also called Ibn Saud, was very young when he first got married. However, his wife died shortly after their marriage. Ibn Saud remarried at eighteen and his firstborn child was Prince Turki I.[1] He had 45 sons of whom 36 survived to adulthood and had children of their own.[2] He also had many daughters. He is thought to have had 22 wives.[3]

Wives and their children

This is a list of the first generation of offspring of Ibn Saud, of which there are 72, sorted by his numerous wives. Many of the sons of Ibn Saud served in prominent leadership positions in Saudi Arabia including all of the nation's monarchs since his death. Those who served as King are in bold.

Wadha bint Muhammad Al Orair

Wadha bint Muhammad Al Orair (d. 1969) was the daughter of Muhammed and Abta Sardah,[4][5] She belonged to Bani Khalid.[6][7][8] Some reports state she is from the Qahtan tribe.[6][9][10][11][12] Wadhah had at least four children (perhaps six) with Ibn Saud, and was fated to outlive nearly all of them. Her children were:[13]

Name Lifespan Notes
Turki (I) 1900–1919 Nominal heir in Riyadh and Najd. Died young due to the Spanish influenza epidemic.
Saud 12 January 1902 – 23 February 1969 Crown Prince from 1932; King (1953–1964), Deposed and exiled.
Khalid (I) 1902–1909
Munira She married her full first cousin Fahd, the son of her paternal full uncle Sa'ad Al Abd al-Rahman[14] and daughter of her stepmother. She also married Khalid bin Muhammad bin Abd al Rahman Al Abd al Rahman the son of her uncle and her stepmother's sister Sara bint Abdullah Al Sheikh. He died in 1972.
Noura[9]
Abdullah

Tarfa bint Abdullah Al Sheikh

Tarfa was a member of the Al Sheikh clan.[15] Her father was Abdullah bin Abdullatif. She married Ibn Saud in 1902[16] and had at least five children with him.[12]

Name Lifespan Notes
Khalid (II) (born 1903, died in 1904)
Faisal (April 1906 – 25 March 1975) Prime Minister and Regent prior to deposing his brother; King (1964–1975); murdered.
Saad (I) (1914–1919) Robert Lacey in his book The Kingdom states that Princess Hassa mothered Saad.(p. 174 and p. 526) Also reported by other sources.[17]
Noura (1904–1938) She married her half first cousin Khalid, the son of her paternal half uncle Muhammad Al Abd al-Rahman[18][19]

Lulua bint Salih Al Dakhil

Ibn Saud and Lulua had one child.[20]

Name Lifespan Notes
Fahd (I) (1906–1919)

Al Jawhara bint Musaed Al Jiluwi

Al-Jawhara was reputedly Ibn Saud's favorite wife, whose early death in 1919 (due to the Spanish influenza epidemic) was deeply mourned by him. In 1951, more than 30 years after her passing, Ibn Saud is reported to have said that he had had many wives, but his only love had been Al Jawhara. Ibn Saud and Al Jawhara bint Musaed Al Jiluwi had three children.

Name Lifespan Notes
Muhammad (1910–1988) nicknamed Abu Al-Sharayn ("Father of the two evils"); held many ministries under his father and older brother Saud. Led revolt against Saud and was briefly de jure Crown Prince before ceding the job to his full brother Khalid.
Khalid (III) (13 February 1913 – 13 June 1982) Crown Prince 1965—75; King 1975–1982
Al Anoud

Lajah bint Khalid bin Hithlain

Ibn Saud and Lajah had one child.

Name Lifespan Notes
Sara (1916 – June 2002)

Bazza (I)

Bazza (I) was a Moroccan woman.[12][21][22] Ibn Saud and Bazza had at least one child.

Name Lifespan Notes
Nasser[23] (1911–1984) He was excluded from all positions due to a scandal during his governorship.[23]

Jawhara bint Saad bin Abdul Muhsin Al Sudairi

Jawhara bint Saad Al Sudairi was the sister of Haya bint Saad Al Sudairi, who was another wife of Ibn Saud.[24] While Jawhara and Haya are sisters hailing from the al-Sudairi family, they are not sisters of Hassa al-Sudairi, who is the mother of the "Sudairi Seven" (see below). Jawhara bore Ibn Saud the following children:

Name Lifespan Notes
Sa'ad (II) (1915–1993) Bypassed for the throne, given the chairmanship of the royal family council of Al Saud (precursor of Allegiance Council) as consolation prize.
Musa'id (1923–2013)[25] Disgraced when his son murdered King Faisal. Bypassed from succession.
Abdul Mohsin/Muhsin (1925–1985) Took part in the Free Princes Movement, hence disqualified from succession
Al Bandari (1928–2008)[26]

Hassa Al Sudairi

Ibn Saud and Hassa had eleven surviving children, being seven sons and four daughters; two other children may have died in infancy. Their seven sons are known as the "Sudairi Seven," a powerful group of full brothers. Two of their sons became kings of Saudi Arabia. Their children were:

  1. Fahd (II) (1921 – 1 August 2005); King (1982–2005)
  2. Sultan (1928–2011); Crown Prince (2005–2011)
  3. Luluwah (ca. 1928–2008);[27] eldest daughter
  4. Abdul Rahman (1931–2017); Deputy Minister of Defense and Aviation (1978–2011), removed from Succession.
  5. Nayef (1933–2012); Crown Prince (27 October 2011 – 16 June 2012)
  6. Turki (II) (1934–2016); Deputy Defense Minister (1969–78), removed from Succession.
  7. Salman (born 31 December 1935); King (2015–present)
  8. Ahmed (born 1942); Deputy Minister of the Interior (1975–2012) and briefly as Minister of the Interior in 2012, removed from Succession.
  9. Jawahir (daughter)
  10. Latifa (daughter)
  11. Al Jawhara (daughter; died 2023)
  12. Moudhi (died young)
  13. Felwa (died young)

Shahida

Shahida (died 1938) was an Armenian woman who was reportedly the favourite wife of Ibn Saud.[28][29] Ibn Saud and Shahida had four children.

  1. Mansour (1921 – 2 May 1951); Minister of Defense, died from kidney failure in Paris.
  2. Misha'al (1926 – 3 May 2017); Minister of Defense, removed from Succession
  3. Qumash (1927 – September 2011)
  4. Mutaib (1931—2019); Minister of Municipal and Rural Affairs (1980 to 2009), removed from Succession.

Fahda bint Asi bin Shuraim Al Shammari

She was the widow of Saud bin Abdulaziz Al Rashid, tenth Emir of the Rashidi Emirate which was overthrown by Ibn Saud. By her former husband, Fahda was the mother of at least two sons. She bore three children to Ibn Saud, and died when the eldest among them, the future king Abdullah, was only six years old. Her children with Ibn Saud were:

  1. Abdullah (1 August 1924 – 23 January 2015); King (2005–2015)
  2. Nouf (died August 2015)
  3. Seeta (c. 1930 – 13 April 2011); initiated the Princesses' Council

Bazza (II)

Bazza died in 1940 and was Syrian or Moroccan.[12][30][31]

  1. Bandar (1923–2019)
  2. Fawwaz (1934–2008) - took part in the Free Princes Movement, hence disqualified from succession
  3. Mishari

Haya bint Saad Al Sudairi

Haya bint Saad (1913 – 18 April 2003) was the sister of Jawhara bint Saad Al-Sudairi, another wife of Ibn Saud.[32] However, she and Jawhara were not sisters of Hassa Al-Sudairi, yet another wife of Al-Saud and mother of the "Sudairi Seven." Haya bore Ibn Saud the following children:

  1. Badr (I) (1931–1932)
  2. Badr (II) (1933 – 1 April 2013) - took part in the Free Princes Movement, hence disqualified from succession
  3. Huzza (1951 – July 2000)
  4. Abdul Ilah (born 1939)
  5. Abdul Majeed (1943–2007)
  6. Noura (born 1930)
  7. Mishail
  8. Zubri

Bushra

Name Lifespan Notes
Mishari (1932 – 23 May 2000)[33]

Munaiyir

Munaiyir (c. 1909 – December 1991) was an Armenian woman

  1. Talal (I) (1924–1927)
  2. Talal (II) (15 August 1931 – 22 December 2018)
  3. Nawwaf (16 August 1932 – 29 September 2015) - took part in the Free Princes Movement, hence disqualified from succession
  4. Madawi (1939 – November 2017)

Mudhi

  1. Sultana (c. 1928 – 7 July 2008)[34]
  2. Haya (c. 1929 – 2 November 2009)[35]
  3. Majid (II) (9 October 1938 – 12 April 2003)
  4. Sattam (21 January 1941 – 12 February 2013)

Nouf bint Nawwaf Al Shalan

Nouf and Ibn Saud married in November 1935.[36] She was the granddaughter of the tribal chief Nuri Al Shalaan.[37] Her sister married Crown Prince Saud in April 1936.[38]

  1. Thamir (1937 – 27 June 1958)
  2. Mamdouh (1940 – 30 November 2023)
  3. Mashhur (born 1942)

Saida al Yamaniyah

Saida was a Yemeni woman, hence her title al Yamaniyah.

  1. Hathloul (1942 – 29 September 2012)

Baraka Al Yamaniyah

  1. Muqrin (born 15 September 1945); Crown Prince (23 January 2015— 29 April 2015)

Futayma

  1. Hamoud (1947 – February 1994)[33]

Mudhi bint Abdullah Almandeel Al Khalidi

Mudhi was from Bani Khalid

  1. Shaikha (born 1922)

Aliyah Fakeer

  1. Majid (I) (1939–1940)
  2. Abdul Saleem (1941–1942)
  3. Jiluwi (I) (1942–1944)
  4. Jiluwi (II) (1952–1952); the youngest son of Ibn Saud but died as an infant.

Grandchildren

Ibn Saud has approximately a thousand grandchildren.[39] The following is a select list of notable grandsons in the male line. They will be in the line of succession to the Saudi Arabian throne.

Patrilineal grandsons

Deceased

Granddaughters

Great-grandchildren

Patrilineal great-grandsons of Ibn Saud

Great-granddaughters

Great-great-grandchildren

Non-patrilineal descendants of Ibn Saud

Notes

  1. 1 2 Ibn Saud incorporated the kingdoms of Nejd and Hejaz into the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia on 23 September 1932. Thereafter, he reigned as King of Saudi Arabia until his death in 1953.
  2. ↑ In addition to their political role, the rulers of the Al Saud family also held religious authority over their subjects, holding the title of imam.

References

  1. ↑ Reich, Bernard (1990). Political Leaders of the Contemporary Middle East and North Africa. Westport: Greenwood Press. ISBN 9780313262135. Retrieved 22 October 2016.
  2. ↑ "The Al-Saud Family". Geocities.ws. Archived from the original on 28 August 2013. Retrieved 23 August 2013.
  3. ↑ Henderson, Simon (25 October 2006). "New Saudi Rules on Succession". The Washington Institute. Archived from the original on 8 January 2013. Retrieved 10 January 2013.
  4. ↑ "Al Orair – King Saud's Maternal Ancestory – History of King Saud | King Saud". www.kingsaud.org. Archived from the original on 22 January 2017. Retrieved 22 October 2016.
  5. ↑ "Kingsaud website". kingsaud.net. Archived from the original on 22 October 2016. Retrieved 22 October 2016.
  6. 1 2 "King Saud's Maternal ancestry". Information Source. Archived from the original on 15 March 2016. Retrieved 3 April 2013.
  7. ↑ "تحقيق سلسة نسب والدة الملك سعود بن عبدالعزيز آل سعود" [The achievements of the mother of King Saud bin Abdulaziz Al Saud] (in Arabic). March 2011. Archived from the original on 14 May 2014. Retrieved 27 April 2013.
  8. ↑ "AL-SAUD FAMILY (Saudi Arabia)". European Institute for research on Mediterranean and Euro-Arab cooperation. MEDEA INSTITUTE. Archived from the original on 8 March 2016. Retrieved 22 October 2016.
  9. 1 2 Yamani, May. "From fragility to stability: a survival strategy for the Saudi monarch" (PDF) (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 August 2016. Retrieved 9 October 2016.
  10. ↑ "Wadhah Bint Muhammad bin 'Aqab – Rodovid EN". en.rodovid.org. Archived from the original on 11 October 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
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