Deschambault-Grondines
Municipality
Saint-Joseph de Deschambault Church
Saint-Joseph de Deschambault Church
Location within Portneuf RCM
Location within Portneuf RCM
Deschambault-Grondines is located in Central Quebec
Deschambault-Grondines
Deschambault-Grondines
Location in central Quebec
Coordinates: 46°39′N 71°56′W / 46.650°N 71.933°W / 46.650; -71.933[1]
CountryCanada
ProvinceQuebec
RegionCapitale-Nationale
RCMPortneuf
Constituted27 February 2002
Government
[2]
 • MayorPatrick Bouillé
 • Federal ridingPortneuf—Jacques-Cartier
 • Prov. ridingPortneuf
Area
[2][3]
 • Total152.00 km2 (58.69 sq mi)
 • Land124.02 km2 (47.88 sq mi)
Population
 (2021)[3]
 • Total2,235
 • Density17.0/km2 (44/sq mi)
 • Pop 2016–2021
Increase 0.7%
 • Dwellings
1,169
Time zoneUTC−5 (EST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
Postal code(s)
G0A 1S0
Area code(s)418 and 581
Highways
A-40
R-138
R-363
Websitewww.deschambault-grondines.com

Deschambault-Grondines is a municipality of about 2,200 inhabitants in the Canadian province of Quebec, located in Portneuf Regional County Municipality. The municipality was incorporated in 2002 by the merger of the formerly independent villages of Deschambault and Grondines. [4]

The name Grondines was named by Samuel de Champlain[5] himself. "Grondines" is from the French verb "gronder", meaning to rumble or roar. In 1674, The Grondines windmill was built and is the oldest windmill in Québec.

The windmill was first a flour mill, and then a lighthouse. In 1842 the church Saint-Charles-Borromée was built in Grondines. In 2006 the local Fromagerie des Grondines was built, it is an organic cheese farm open to the public.

Some of the famous people who lived here include filmmaker Denys Arcand, who was born in Deschambault.

The patron saint of Deschambault-Grondines is Saint Joseph.[6]

History

Saint-Joseph church built between 1835 and 1839 according to the plans of the architect Thomas Baillairgé

. . . At one time, Deschambault was said to have "a pilot every two houses." Very early on "the taste for the sea" developed there, because the St. Lawrence has long been the only way to access the village. "Everything was happening on the river !" says Father Jacques Paquin, coordinator of the Deschambault Navigators Committee." Even after the opening of the Chemin du Roy, a route considered difficult, the seaway continued to be used more than the land route. Deschambault, a village of sailors, Le Soleil. Translated from French.[7]

Seigneurie des Grondines

The 'seigneurie des Grondines' was one of the oldest lordship in the province of Quebec, and was initially granted in 1637 by the Company of New France to Duchess Marie-Madeleine de Vignerot de Pontcourlay, Dame d'atours of Marie de' Medici, and niece of Cardinal Richelieu, chief minister of Louis XIV.[8]

The estate covered a land area of around 90 square miles or nearly 60,000 acres.[9][10] In 1646, the Governor of New-France at the time, Charles Jacques Huault de Montmagny, gave the concession to the nuns hospitallers, administrators of Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, and thereafter, it was resold in 1683 to Lord Jacques Aubert.[9] Being the father-in-law of Louis Hamelin, the next lord of Grondines, the lordship passed to the Hamelin family afterwards, and was transmitted to their descendants until 1797, following the British Conquest.[8][9] In 1698, comte Louis de Buade of Château Frontenac award them concessions, extending their lordship with additional islands and isles.[11] This family was one of the eight seigneurial dynasties that lived permanently on their estate for six generations.[12]

Over time, the Hamelins married members of the French-Canadian nobility. The families were the Couillard de l'Espinay, the Denys de la Ronde, partners of Charles Aubert de La Chesnaye, the Fleury d'Eschambault, the Gaultier de Varennes, the Lorimier de la Rivière, the Chavigny de la Chevrotière, and their in-laws included the Barons Le Moyne de Longueuil, the Pézard de Champlain, and the Boucher de Montarville.[13][14][15][16]

A member of this family was also recognized as noble by the Sovereign Council of New France of Louis XIV in 1654, and would join the French-Canadian nobility, being the lord and commander Jacques-François Hamelin de Bourgchemin et de l'Hermitière, a descendant of Jacques Hamelin, bishop of Tulle.[17][18][19][20] In 1766, a member of the Hamelin de Chavigny also appeared in documents of the Canadian nobility, where they asked the king to keep in power the current Governor of Quebec James Murray, with the hope of being less penalized by the injustices they had to suffer after the British conquest.[21]

The signatories, including A. Hamelin, were Luc de la Corne, François-Joseph Cugnet, Aubert de Gaspé, Antoine Juchereau Duchesnay, and a few others.[21] The last lord of Grondines was Senator David Edward Price in 1871, a member of the influential Price family.[9]

Geography

Geology

St-Lawrence River from Cap Lauzon, Deschambault-Grondines

DESCRIPTION OF THE AREA
« . . . The part of the Grondines map-area underlain by Paleozoic rocks (approximately two-thirds of the whole) is a nearly featureless plain rising in the north and west to 250 feet above sea level, and dropping to tide water level along the Saint-Laurent. » Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources (Quebec), Grondines area, Geological report.[22]

Flora

« . . . The Grondines and Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pérade swamp is one of the last, large, treed swamps on the river. It extends along seven kilometres of shoreline in the St. Lawrence River’s freshwater estuary.

The swamp shelters several at-risk species, including plants that are endemic to the freshwater estuary. It is a rare biodiversity hot spot on a global scale, according to the Atlas de la biodiversité du Québec (Quebec biodiversity atlas). » The Grondines and Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pérade Swamp, A unique ecosystem [23]

Climate

Climate data for Deschambault-Grondines
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 9.0
(48.2)		 9.0
(48.2)		 16.0
(60.8)		 30.5
(86.9)		 33.0
(91.4)		 34.5
(94.1)		 34.0
(93.2)		 34.4
(93.9)		 33.0
(91.4)		 26.0
(78.8)		 21.0
(69.8)		 13.0
(55.4)		 34.5
(94.1)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) −7.3
(18.9)		 −5.0
(23.0)		 0.8
(33.4)		 9.1
(48.4)		 17.4
(63.3)		 22.8
(73.0)		 25.1
(77.2)		 24.1
(75.4)		 19.1
(66.4)		 11.5
(52.7)		 4.0
(39.2)		 −3.4
(25.9)		 9.9
(49.8)
Daily mean °C (°F) −12.1
(10.2)		 −10.3
(13.5)		 −4.1
(24.6)		 4.3
(39.7)		 11.7
(53.1)		 16.9
(62.4)		 19.5
(67.1)		 18.6
(65.5)		 13.8
(56.8)		 7.2
(45.0)		 0.6
(33.1)		 −7.4
(18.7)		 4.9
(40.8)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −17
(1)		 −15.5
(4.1)		 −9.0
(15.8)		 −0.5
(31.1)		 5.9
(42.6)		 11.0
(51.8)		 13.9
(57.0)		 13.0
(55.4)		 8.5
(47.3)		 2.9
(37.2)		 −2.8
(27.0)		 −11.4
(11.5)		 −0.1
(31.8)
Record low °C (°F) −38.5
(−37.3)		 −35
(−31)		 −31.5
(−24.7)		 −17.0
(1.4)		 −4.0
(24.8)		 −1.0
(30.2)		 3.0
(37.4)		 1.1
(34.0)		 −5.5
(22.1)		 −7.0
(19.4)		 −24.0
(−11.2)		 −35.0
(−31.0)		 −38.5
(−37.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 77.0
(3.03)		 70.0
(2.76)		 69.1
(2.72)		 85.4
(3.36)		 100.5
(3.96)		 110.4
(4.35)		 125.5
(4.94)		 108.5
(4.27)		 116.5
(4.59)		 107.8
(4.24)		 95.6
(3.76)		 91.9
(3.62)		 1,158.1
(45.59)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 26.3
(1.04)		 19.9
(0.78)		 31.5
(1.24)		 76.6
(3.02)		 99.7
(3.93)		 110.4
(4.35)		 125.5
(4.94)		 108.5
(4.27)		 116.5
(4.59)		 107.0
(4.21)		 74.1
(2.92)		 36.9
(1.45)		 932.8
(36.72)
Average snowfall cm (inches) 50.7
(20.0)		 50.1
(19.7)		 37.6
(14.8)		 9.0
(3.5)		 0.8
(0.3)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.8
(0.3)		 21.5
(8.5)		 55.0
(21.7)		 225.5
(88.8)
Source: Environment Canada[24]

Demographics

Population trend:[25]

  • Population in 2021: 2,235 (2016 to 2021 population change: 0.7%)
  • Population in 2016: 2,220
  • Population in 2011: 2,131
  • Population in 2006: 2,032

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents: 1,044 (total dwellings: 1,169)

Mother tongue:

  • English as first language: 0.7%
  • French as first language: 97.5%
  • English and French as first language: 0.4%
  • Other as first language: 1.3%

Attractions

  • Saint-Joseph of Deschambault church, classed historical monument in 1964.[26]
  • The old presbytery of Deschambault, classed historical monument in 1965.
  • The old mill of Grondines, classed archaeological monument in 1984.
  • The church of Saint-Charles-Borromée in Grondines.
  • Presbytery of Grondines, classed historical monument in 1966.
  • House of the Grolo widow, classed historical monument in 1971.
  • House of Delisle, classed historical monument in 1963.
  • House of F.-R.-Neilson-Sewell, classed historical monument in 1978.
  • The old Chevrotière Mill, classed historical monument in 1976.

Built heritage and Wharfs

References

  1. ↑ "Banque de noms de lieux du Québec: Reference number 372307". toponymie.gouv.qc.ca (in French). Commission de toponymie du Québec.
  2. 1 2 Ministère des Affaires municipales, des Régions et de l'Occupation du territoire – Répertoire des municipalités: Deschambault-Grondines Archived 25 June 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  3. 1 2 Statistics Canada 2021 Census – Deschambault-Grondines census profile
  4. ↑ Ricard, Pierre-François. "Modifications aux municipalités du Québec, février 2002" (PDF). Direction de l’édition et des communications Institut de la statistique du Québec. Retrieved 21 May 2023.
  5. ↑ "Deschambault-Grondines". Commission de toponymie Québec. Banque de noms de lieux du Québec. Retrieved 21 May 2023.
  6. ↑ Saint Joseph at sqpn.ocm Retrieved 5 April 2013
  7. ↑ "Deschambault, a village of sailors". Le Soleil (French newspaper). Retrieved 29 April 2023.
  8. 1 2 municipalité de Saint-Casimir, Historique
  9. 1 2 3 4 Fonds D'archives des Seigneuries Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pérade et des Grondines ( 87P )
  10. ↑ Conversion lieue carré en Acre
  11. ↑ Item P209 - Acte de concession par Louis de Buade, Comte de Frontenac, et Jean Bochart Champigny, gouverneur et intendant de la Nouvelle-France, au sieur Louis Hamelin, seigneur en partie des Grondines, Archives Canada, Réseau Canadien d'Information Archivistique, BAnQ Québec, Fonds Intendants, Registres d'intendance.
  12. ↑ Le régime seigneurial au Québec 150 ans après, page 51
  13. ↑ Tables Généalogiques de la Noblesse Québécoise du XVII au XIX siècle
  14. ↑ Histoire Généalogique de la Famille Denys
  15. ↑ Histoire Généalogique de la Noblesse de la Nouvelle France
  16. ↑ Roy, Pierre-Georges (1916). La famille de Chavigny de la Chevrotière, Lévis, Québec, Monographies, Canadiana, p. 20-23-26-27-34-40-64-70-152-153-162
  17. ↑ Archives de la Province de Quebec, Lettres de Noblesse, Genealogies, Erections de Comtes et Baronnies, insinuees par le Conseil Souverain de la Nouvelle-France, page 113-116
  18. ↑ Études généalogiques et historiques sur la noblesse canadienne, page 12
  19. ↑ Dictionnaire biographique du Canada, Hamelin de Bourgchemin et de L’Hermitière, Jacques-François
  20. ↑ Deux officiers "indésirables" des troupes de la Marine
  21. 1 2 La noblesse de France et du Canada, page 49
  22. ↑ "Grondines area, Geological report 154, p 12" (PDF). Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources (Quebec). Retrieved 29 April 2023.
  23. ↑ Nature Conservancy of Canada, The Grondines and Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pérade swamp, A unique ecosystem,
  24. ↑ "Deschambault-Grondines Climate". Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010 (in English and French). Environment Canada. 31 October 2011. Retrieved 16 July 2015.
  25. ↑ Statistics Canada: 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021 census
  26. ↑ Répertoire du patrimoine culturel du Québec

Further reading

  • Mariages de Deschambault (comté Portneuf) – 1713–1900, raised by Rosaire Proulx priest, compiled and published by Benoit Pontbriand agronomist, 1966, 213 pages (in French)

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