The Stone Roses
Studio album by
The Stone Roses
Released2 May 1989[1]
RecordedJune 1988 – February 1989
Studio
Genre
Length48:20
LabelSilvertone / RCA (US)
ProducerJohn Leckie · Peter Hook ("Elephant Stone")
The Stone Roses chronology
The Stone Roses
(1989)		 Turns Into Stone
(1992)
Singles from The Stone Roses
  1. "Elephant Stone"
    Released: October 1988
  2. "Made of Stone"
    Released: February 1989
  3. "She Bangs the Drums"
    Released: July 1989
  4. "Fools Gold"
    Released: 13 November 1989
  5. "I Wanna Be Adored"
    Released: September 1991
  6. "Waterfall"
    Released: 30 December 1991
  7. "I Am the Resurrection"
    Released: 30 March 1992

The Stone Roses is the debut studio album by English rock band the Stone Roses. It was recorded mostly at Battery Studios in London with producer John Leckie from June 1988 to February 1989 and released later that year on 2 May by Silvertone Records.

Despite not being an immediate success, the album grew popular alongside the band's high-profile concert performances, which also helped establish them as fixtures of the Madchester and baggy cultural scenes. The record's critical standing also improved significantly in later years, with The Stone Roses now considered to be one of the greatest albums of all time. It was voted number 11 in the third edition of Colin Larkin's All Time Top 1000 Albums (2000). It has sold over four million copies worldwide.

Background

Based in Manchester, where the so-called Madchester musical movement was centred, the Stone Roses formed in 1983. Between their formation and the release of their debut album, the band had gone through different names and line-ups, trying out different sounds,[3] and released several singles on several different labels. They recorded their self-titled debut album with John Leckie, a producer who had worked with Pink Floyd on Meddle.[4] The recording took place primarily at Battery Studios in London, with additional sessions at Konk, Coconut Grove Studios in Stockport, and Rockfield Studios in Wales.[5] Leckie said that the band were "very well rehearsed" and that they "didn't seem to feel any pressure other than that they were a band making their first album and didn't want to lose the opportunity to make it good. So there wasn't any pressure to prove themselves – they knew they were good."[3]

Music and lyrics

According to writers Sean Sennett and Simon Groth, the Stone Roses "virtually invented 'Madchester' and built a template for Brit-pop" with their debut album.[6] The record has been associated with rave culture and dance music, although Angus Batey from The Quietus argued that it was a 1960s-inspired jangle pop album featuring little or no influence of dance beats or grooves, with the exception of "Fools Gold".[7] According to AllMusic's Stephen Thomas Erlewine, the rhythm section of bassist Mani and drummer Reni played in a manner that was merely suggestive of dance rhythms, while Ian Brown dispassionately sang lyrics expressing arrogant sentiments such as "I Wanna Be Adored" and "I Am the Resurrection".[8] In the opinion of Spin critic Andrew Unterberger, it sounded more like "an exercise in rock classicism", featuring accessible melodies like those of the Beatles and resonant guitars similar to the Byrds, along with "the cheeky (and quintessentially British) humor of the Smiths" and "the self-fulfilling arrogance of the Sex Pistols".[9] The melody for the song "Elizabeth My Dear" was appropriated from the English traditional ballad "Scarborough Fair".[10]

Artwork

As with most Stone Roses releases, the cover displays a work by the band's guitarist John Squire, in this case a Jackson Pollock-influenced piece titled "Bye Bye Badman", which makes reference to the May 1968 riots in Paris. The cover was named by Q magazine as one of "The 100 Best Record Covers of All Time." In the accompanying article, Squire said: "Ian [Brown] had met this French man when he was hitching around Europe, this bloke had been in the riots, and he told Ian how lemons had been used as an antidote to tear gas. Then there was the documentary—a great shot at the start of a guy throwing stones at the police. I really liked his attitude."[11] The story was also the inspiration for the lyrics to the song of the same name.[11] The background of the piece is based on the Giant's Causeway in Northern Ireland; the band had visited the causeway while playing a gig at the University of Ulster in Coleraine.[12]

Release and promotion

The Stone Roses was released on 2 May 1989[13] by Silvertone, a division of Zomba Records created to work with "new rock" acts.[4] While by this time the Madchester scene had already attracted some coverage from music publications, The Stone Roses originally received little attention from both consumers and critics in the United Kingdom.[14] Bob Stanley from Melody Maker called it "godlike" and said the foundation of the music was John Squire's guitar playing, which he deemed "beautifully flowing, certainly psychedelic, there are elements of Hendrix (especially on 'Shoot You Down') and Marr (check the fade to 'Bye Bye Badman'), but the rest is the lad's own work".[15] In Q, Peter Kane was less favourable and felt that The Stone Roses was a promising album weighed down by "strangely monotone production",[16] while NME journalist Jack Barron wrote that it was merely "quite good" while giving it a score of seven on a scale of 10;[17] the latter magazine later ranked it as the second best record of 1989 in their year-end list.[14] In The Village Voice, US critic Robert Christgau wrote that the group was "overhyped" and no different from the numerous American indie bands, adding "what do they do that the Byrds and the Buffalo Springfield weren't doing better in 1967?" He concluded that "they're surprisingly 'eclectic.' Not all that good at it, but eclectic," despite some moments of good songwriting ("Bye Bye Badman", "I Wanna Be Adored").[18]

To support the album, the band played several high-profile gigs, including one on 27 February 1989, at what was regarded as the centre of the associated Madchester and baggy scenes, Manchester's The Haçienda nightclub. Andrew Collins wrote in NME: "Bollocks to Morrissey at Wolverhampton, to The Sundays at The Falcon, to PWEI at Brixton – I'm already drafting a letter to my grandchildren telling them that I saw The Stone Roses at the Haçienda."[19] The band's debut appearance on Top of the Pops in November 1989 helped the album receive more mainstream exposure.[14] The album eventually brought them nationwide success and soon the band, along with fellow Madchester group Happy Mondays, were perceived as one of the key acts of the baggy scene.[20] Their May 1990 Spike Island gig, organised by the band and attended by over 27,000 fans, also holds a formidable reputation. Critics have frequently labelled it the "Woodstock of the baggy generation".[21]

The Stone Roses has sold over four million copies worldwide, according to the 2006 book covering the album for the 33⅓ music series.[22]

Legacy and reappraisal

Retrospective professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic[8]
The Daily Telegraph[23]
Mojo[24]
NME10/10[25]
Pitchfork10/10[26]
Q[27]
Rolling Stone[28]
Spin10/10[29]
Spin Alternative Record Guide9/10[30]
Uncut[14]

The Stone Roses was acclaimed by critics and musicians in subsequent years,[14] being viewed as an even more important album than when it was first released, as reflected by its high ranking in polls of the greatest albums of all time.[31] Reassessing it for NME upon its 1991 re-release, Mary Anne Hobbs deemed The Stone Roses "the most fluent crossover album of the last decade", and on its cultural impact, wrote: "Indie-dance was activated, its underground sister the rave scene outed, and Britain went Baggy."[25] Rolling Stone's David Fricke later called it "a blast of magnificent arrogance, a fusion of Sixties-pop sparkle and the blown-mind drive of U.K. rave culture",[28] while BBC Music's Chris Jones said it served as a peerless testament to the fusion of rock and dance music inspired by "working class hedonism" at the end of the 1980s.[32] Mojo reviewer Pat Gilbert strongly recommended its 1999 reissue to listeners and stated that the album "set the tone for rock music in the '90s",[33] while in Q, Ian Gittins wrote that with the album's "mercurial, timeless anthems", the band became "spokesmen for their generation".[27] Bernadette McNulty of The Daily Telegraph believed the 2009 reissue polished the band's bold mix of discordant psychedelic sounds and clever dance beats, but that its legacy as a fabled debut album was enhanced more by the darker, masculine music that followed in Manchester during the 1990s.[23] Zeth Lundy of The Boston Phoenix said it "has been deified by such dubious tastemakers as the NME and Oasis's Noel Gallagher — and the rest of us really like it too".[34] PopMatters critic Jennifer Makowsky argued that "the psychedelic, drug-powered pop songs on the album earned the band a well-earned place in alternative music history."[35]

However, American music journalist Jim DeRogatis felt The Stone Roses had been highly overrated by critics, pointing to a "lame retread disco beat" and "oh-so-dated chiming guitars",[36] while Neil Kulkarni from The Quietus said its first three songs were enjoyable but preceded a "right barrel-load of shite afterwards".[37] In an article on overhyped records for The Guardian, Peter Robinson said that The Stone Roses was "an average rock album – lyrically pedestrian and with a sonic policy swerving from the play-safe to the over-indulgent".[38] Guardian journalist Penny Anderson criticised the length of certain tracks and noted that the record "doesn't half drag on",[39] while Fiona Sturges of The Independent found Brown's singing and the band's lyrics to be remarkably poor, and objected to the editors of NME voting The Stone Roses the best British album of all time.[40] After the record was voted the second-best ever in a UK public poll, Channel 4 broadcast a presentation of the results in which three of the presenters—musician Bob Geldof, critic Paul Gambaccini, and artist Justine Frischmann—were critical of the album's inclusion in the top 100 and attributed it to the generation of listeners who voted rather than the record's quality.[41] Geldof claimed that the no. 2 placing was "ridiculous", and asserted that the band are "just an OK group."[42]

Accolades

In 1997, The Stone Roses was named the second greatest album of all time in a "Music of the Millennium" poll conducted by HMV, Channel 4, The Guardian and Classic FM.[42] In 1998, Q magazine readers placed it at number 4,[43] while in 2000 the same magazine placed it at number 29 in its list of the "100 Greatest British Albums Ever."[44] In 2004, the album was voted the best British album of all time in The Observer's poll of 100 musicians and critics.[45] In 2006, Q placed the album at number 5 in its list of "40 Best Albums of the '80s".[46] In 2008, it was named the fifth "greatest British album ever" by a Q magazine/HMV poll.[47]

In 2000, it received the "greatest album ever" award at the NME Premier Awards show, and in 2006, the album topped the magazine's "100 Greatest British Albums Ever" list.[48] In 2005, Spin magazine ranked it 78 on its list of the "100 greatest albums of the past twenty years."[49] In the same year, when revising their list of the "500 Greatest Albums of All Time" for book format, Rolling Stone included it as one of eight new entries, placing it at number 497; in the 2012 revised list, they placed the album at number 498, saying that the album "single-handedly launched Nineties Brit pop", and in the 2020 update of the list the album's rank climbed to number 319.[50][51] In 2006, Time named it one of "The All-TIME 100 Albums".[52] In 2003, Pitchfork named it the 39th best album of the 1980s.[53] In 2012, Slant Magazine listed the album at number 28 on its list of "Best Albums of the 1980s".[54] The album was also included in the book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die.[55] It was voted number 11 in the third edition of Colin Larkin's All Time Top 1000 Albums (2000).[56]

In 2006, British Hit Singles & Albums and NME organised a poll of which, 40,000 people worldwide voted for the 100 best albums ever and The Stone Roses was placed at number seven on the list.[57] In 2010, The Stone Roses won the Mojo Classic Album award. Upon announcing the award, Mojo noted how the band "managed to sum up an era and to create a piece of work that also transcends the time in which it was made."[58] In 2013 The Flaming Lips and friends honoured the record with The Time Has Come to Shoot You Down… What a Sound, a reworking of the entire album.[59] In 2014, the staff of PopMatters included the album on their list of "12 Essential Alternative Rock Albums from the 1980s".[35]

In 2020, it came third in the BBC Radio 2 "Ultimate 80's Album" poll,[60] beating albums such as "Thriller" by Michael Jackson, "Appetite for Destruction" by Guns N' Roses and "Purple Rain" by Prince. The listeners poll, which had "tens of thousands of votes", had a list of 50 albums to choose from that were selected by a panel of music experts. The shortlist was based on sales from each year of the decade, alongside a selection of albums that have endured the test of time.

Re-releases

The Stone Roses – The Collectors Edition box set

In 1999, on the 10th anniversary of its release, a two-disc special edition re-release of The Stone Roses reached number nine on the UK Albums Chart. In 2007, a remastered version was released by Silvertone as a Carbon Neutral Entertainment CD (with tips about Energy Saving). In 2009, the remastered 20th anniversary edition was released in several formats: the standard 11-track album (with the bonus track "Fools Gold") on CD and 12" vinyl LP (the LP version includes a bonus one-sided 7" single featuring the unreleased demo track "Pearl Bastard"); a deluxe edition 2CD/1DVD set, featuring the album on disc one, a 15-track collection of unreleased demos titled The Lost Demos on disc two, and a DVD featuring a 1989 live performance titled Live in Blackpool; and a 3CD/3LP/1DVD collector's edition box set, which features:[61]

  • The remastered 11-track album on one CD and one LP
  • The Lost Demos on one CD
  • The B-sides on one CD
  • Two LPs
  • Live in Blackpool DVD
  • A 48-page booklet, containing unpublished photos and new interviews
  • Six 12"-sized art prints featuring John Squire's original single artwork
  • A lemon-shaped USB stick, featuring digital files of:
    • The album, the demos, and the B-sides
    • Five previously unreleased "backwards tracks"
    • Six music videos
    • Up at Sawmills: The Making of Fools Gold documentary video
    • Exclusive desktop wallpapers, ringtones, and a 48-page digital booklet

Track listing

All tracks are written by Ian Brown and John Squire

1989 original release (U.K. and all markets outside of U.S.)
No.TitleLength
1."I Wanna Be Adored"4:52
2."She Bangs the Drums"3:43
3."Waterfall"4:37
4."Don't Stop"5:17
5."Bye Bye Badman"4:04
6."Elizabeth My Dear"0:53
7."(Song for My) Sugar Spun Sister"3:25
8."Made of Stone"4:10
9."Shoot You Down"4:10
10."This Is the One"4:58
11."I Am the Resurrection"8:12

All tracks are written by Ian Brown and John Squire

1989 US release
No.TitleLength
1."I Wanna Be Adored"4:52
2."She Bangs the Drums"3:43
3."Elephant Stone"4:50
4."Waterfall"4:37
5."Don't Stop"5:17
6."Bye Bye Badman"4:04
7."Elizabeth My Dear"0:53
8."(Song for My) Sugar Spun Sister"3:25
9."Made of Stone"4:10
10."Shoot You Down"4:10
11."This Is the One"4:58
12."I Am the Resurrection"8:12
13."Fools Gold"9:53

Note: The song "Elephant Stone" had been previously released as a single in October 1988 in the UK only, but was added to the US pressings of the album.

Personnel

Credits are adapted from the album's liner notes.[62]

The Stone Roses
  • Ian Brown – vocals
  • Mani – bass guitar
  • Reni – drums, backing vocals, piano on "She Bangs the Drums"
  • John Squire – guitars, backing vocals on "She Bangs the Drums"
Production

Charts

Chart (1989–90) Peak
position
Australian Albums (ARIA)[63] 36
Dutch Albums (Album Top 100)[64] 44
New Zealand Albums (RMNZ)[65] 11
Norwegian Albums (VG-lista)[66] 12
Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan)[67] 30
UK Albums (OCC)[68] 19
US Billboard 200[69] 86
Chart (2004) Peak
position
UK Albums (OCC)[68] 9
Chart (2009) Peak
position
UK Albums (OCC)[68] 5

Certifications

Region CertificationCertified units/sales
United Kingdom (BPI)[1] 4× Platinum 1,200,000‡

‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

References

Footnotes
  1. 1 2 "British album certifications – The Stone Roses – The Stone Roses". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved 30 May 2019.
  2. ↑ Gwinn, Ian (10 August 2018). "Remembering 1968: May '68 and The Stone Roses' The Stone Roses". History Workshop Online. Retrieved 23 July 2023.
  3. 1 2 Howard, Tom (2 May 2019). "Unpicking the brilliance of The Stone Roses' classic debut album, 30 years since its glorious release". NME. Retrieved 16 February 2021.
  4. 1 2 Strong 2004.
  5. ↑ Robb 2012, pp. 211–215.
  6. ↑ Sennett & Groth 2010, p. 64.
  7. ↑ Batey, Angus (11 December 2014). "The Resurrection Show: The Stone Roses' Second Coming Revisited". The Quietus. Retrieved 6 October 2015.
  8. 1 2 Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "The Stone Roses – The Stone Roses". AllMusic. Retrieved 6 July 2014.
  9. ↑ "The 300 Best Albums of the Past 30 Years (1985–2014)". Spin. 11 May 2015. p. 3. Retrieved 6 October 2015.
  10. ↑ Robb 2012, p. 241.
  11. 1 2 "The 100 Best Record Covers of All Time". Q (special ed.). London. 2001.
  12. ↑ "'Bye Bye Badman'". john-squire.com. Archived from the original on 7 April 2013. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
  13. ↑ Robb 2012, p. 238.
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 Kelly, Danny (September 2009). "The Stone Roses: The Stone Roses". Uncut. No. 148. London. Retrieved 17 March 2012.
  15. ↑ Stanley, Bob (29 April 1989). "Love Resurrection". Melody Maker. London. p. 33.
  16. ↑ Kane, Peter (May 1989). "The Stone Roses: The Stone Roses". Q. No. 32. London.
  17. ↑ Barron, Jack (29 April 1989). "Rock Follies". NME. London. p. 33.
  18. ↑ Christgau, Robert (29 May 1990). "Consumer Guide". The Village Voice. New York. Retrieved 17 March 2012.
  19. ↑ Tilton 2013.
  20. ↑ Larkin 2011.
  21. ↑ Dower, John (director) (2003). Live Forever: The Rise and Fall of Brit Pop. Passion Pictures.
  22. ↑ Green 2006.
  23. 1 2 McNulty, Bernadette (20 August 2009). "Stone Roses: The Stone Roses, CD review". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 27 October 2009. Retrieved 17 March 2012.
  24. ↑ Savage, Jon (September 2009). "The Stone Roses: The Stone Roses". Mojo. No. 190. London.
  25. 1 2 Hobbs, Mary Anne (21 September 1991). "The Stone Roses: The Stone Roses". NME. London. p. 34.
  26. ↑ Granzin, Amy (11 September 2009). "The Stone Roses: The Stone Roses". Pitchfork. Retrieved 27 November 2011.
  27. 1 2 Gittins, Ian (December 1999). "The Stone Roses: The Stone Roses". Q. No. 159. London. p. 164. Archived from the original on 12 December 2000. Retrieved 27 April 2019.
  28. 1 2 Fricke, David (20 August 2009). "The Stone Roses: The Stone Roses: Legacy Edition". Rolling Stone. No. 1085. New York. p. 84. Archived from the original on 16 August 2009. Retrieved 16 August 2009.
  29. ↑ Hultkrans, Andrew (September 2009). "Reissues". Spin. Vol. 25, no. 9. New York. p. 86. Retrieved 11 November 2018.
  30. ↑ Bernstein 1995, pp. 376–377.
  31. ↑ Jones 2008, p. 96.
  32. ↑ Jones, Chris (8 May 2007). "The Stone Roses The Stone Roses Review". BBC Music. Retrieved 17 March 2012.
  33. ↑ Gilbert, Pat (December 1999). "The Stone Roses: The Stone Roses". Mojo. No. 73. London. p. 103.
  34. ↑ Lundy, Zeth (15 September 2009). "Review: The Stone Roses". The Boston Phoenix. Retrieved 17 March 2012.
  35. 1 2 "Hope Despite the Times: 12 Essential Alternative Rock Albums from the 1980s". PopMatters. 27 August 2014. p. 2. Archived from the original on 22 January 2018. Retrieved 27 October 2015.
  36. ↑ DeRogatis, Jim (20 June 2004). "The view from America". The Observer. London. Archived from the original on 24 September 2014. Retrieved 15 September 2014.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  37. ↑ Kulkarni, Neil (19 August 2009). "The Stone Roses". The Quietus. Retrieved 17 March 2012.
  38. ↑ Robinson, Peter (4 December 2004). "Don't believe the hype". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 12 September 2014.
  39. ↑ Anderson, Penny (18 February 2009). "Why are the Stone Roses adored?". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
  40. ↑ Sturges, Fiona (14 August 2009). "The Stone Roses – A 'classic' that is nothing but fool's gold". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 18 June 2022. Retrieved 27 June 2014.
  41. ↑ Music of the Millennium. Episode 4. 29 January 1998. Channel 4.
    Bob Geldof: "Number two? Forget it, that's ridiculous. They shouldn't be in there: they have a decent album – good luck to them – but that's preposterous...it's, hey, a generation thing, man."
    Justine Frischmann: "Isn't it?"
    Paul Gambaccini: "Exactly. This tells you who voted, more than anything else."
  42. 1 2 "Spin of the Century". Irishtimes.com. 31 January 1998. Retrieved 17 March 2019.
  43. ↑ "Q Readers' All Time Top 100 Albums". Q (137). February 1998.
  44. ↑ "The 100 Greatest British Albums Ever". Q (165). June 2000.
  45. ↑ "Stone Roses 'top British album'". BBC News. 20 June 2004. Retrieved 30 October 2006.
  46. ↑ "40 Best Albums of the '80s". Q (241). August 2006.
  47. ↑ "Oasis top best British album poll". BBC News. 18 February 2008. Retrieved 25 May 2010.
  48. ↑ "NME's best British album of all time revealed". NME. 26 January 2006. Retrieved 30 October 2006.
  49. ↑ "100 Greatest Albums, 1985–2005". Spin. 20 June 2005. Archived from the original on 4 August 2009. Retrieved 5 October 2009.
  50. ↑ "The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time". Rolling Stone. 22 September 2020. Archived from the original on 8 February 2023.
  51. ↑ Wenner, Jann S., ed. (2012). Rolling Stone – Special Collectors Issue – The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time. USA: Wenner Media Specials. ISBN 978-7-09-893419-6
  52. ↑ "The All-TIME 100 Albums". Time. 2 November 2006. Retrieved 25 May 2010.
  53. ↑ "Pitchfork Feature: Top 100 Albums of the 1980s". Pitchfork. 20 November 2002. Archived from the original on 23 January 2013. Retrieved 12 January 2012.
  54. ↑ "The 100 Best Albums of the 1980s". Slant Magazine. 5 March 2012. Retrieved 12 January 2012.
  55. ↑ Robert Dimery; Michael Lydon (7 February 2006). 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die: Revised and Updated Edition. Universe. ISBN 0-7893-1371-5.
  56. ↑ Colin Larkin, ed. (2000). All Time Top 1000 Albums (3rd ed.). Virgin Books. p. 39. ISBN 0-7535-0493-6.
  57. ↑ "Oasis album voted greatest of all time". The Times. London. 1 June 2006. Archived from the original on 8 April 2007. Retrieved 27 November 2011.
  58. ↑ "MOJO Honours List 2010: The Winners Revealed!". Mojo. 10 June 2010. Archived from the original on 13 June 2010. Retrieved 27 November 2011.
  59. ↑ ""The Stone Roses" Remake Confirmed for Black Friday – Tracklist, Photos, Videos". The Future Heart. 15 November 2013. Retrieved 15 November 2013.
  60. ↑ Davies, Gary (11 October 2020). "Your Ultimate 80s Album – Revealed!". BBC. Retrieved 11 October 2020.
  61. ↑ The Stone Roses (box set). The Stone Roses. Silvertone Records. 2009. 88697430302.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  62. ↑ The Stone Roses (liner notes). The Stone Roses. Silvertone Records. 1989. ORE LP 502.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  63. ↑ "Australiancharts.com – The Stone Roses – The Stone Roses". Hung Medien. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  64. ↑ "Dutchcharts.nl – The Stone Roses – The Stone Roses" (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  65. ↑ "Charts.nz – The Stone Roses – The Stone Roses". Hung Medien. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  66. ↑ "Norwegiancharts.com – The Stone Roses – The Stone Roses". Hung Medien. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  67. ↑ "Swedishcharts.com – The Stone Roses – The Stone Roses". Hung Medien. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  68. 1 2 3 "Stone Roses | Artist | Official Charts". UK Albums Chart. Retrieved 7 August 2020.
  69. ↑ "The Stone Roses Chart History (Billboard 200)". Billboard. Retrieved 23 May 2008.
Bibliography
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