Freddy vs. Jason
The two slasher villains, Freddy Kruger and Jason Voorhees, face each other head-to-head, with the film's title near the center of the poster while the credits remain at the bottom.
Theatrical release poster
Directed byRonny Yu
Written byDamian Shannon
Mark Swift
Based on
Characters
by
Produced bySean S. Cunningham
Starring
CinematographyFred Murphy
Edited byMark Stevens
Music byGraeme Revell
Production
companies
Distributed byNew Line Cinema
Release date
  • August 15, 2003 (2003-08-15)
Running time
98 minutes[1]
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Budget$30 million[1]
Box office$116.6 million[2]

Freddy vs. Jason is a 2003 American slasher film directed by Ronny Yu and written by Damian Shannon and Mark Swift. It is a crossover between the A Nightmare on Elm Street and Friday the 13th franchises, being the eighth installment in the former and the eleventh in the latter. The film joins the two series in a shared universe and pits their respective antagonists, Freddy Krueger and Jason Voorhees, against each other. Freddy is weakened and forgotten because the citizens of his home town Springwood have defeated him by using medications that repress dreams. Freddy awakens Jason to stir up fear and grow his powers so that he may return and kill again. Jason turns out to not be as easily controlled as Freddy initially thought, and the two supernatural mass murderers come into conflict. The film is chronologically set after Freddy's Dead: The Final Nightmare (1991) and Jason Goes to Hell: The Final Friday (1993), and is the last film in each franchise before their respective reboots.

Freddy vs. Jason was released in the United States on August 15, 2003. The film received mixed reviews from critics, but has grossed $116.6 million worldwide, making it the highest-grossing film in each series. The film marks Robert Englund's final portrayal as Freddy Krueger. A sequel and crossover with the Evil Dead franchise was planned, but it was ultimately scrapped and turned into a comic book limited series, Freddy vs. Jason vs. Ash, and its follow-up The Nightmare Warriors.

Plot

Since his last defeat, Freddy Krueger has been in Hell and unable to invade children's dreams as the adults of Springwood have gone to extremes to make sure their children have forgotten him; all mention of Freddy has been removed from public records and any children who dream of him are forcibly institutionalized at Western Hills Psychiatric Hospital and given the dream suppressant drug Hypnocil. Using his remaining power, Freddy resurrects Jason Voorhees. Appearing as Jason's mother Pamela Voorhees, he manipulates Jason into thinking his mother wants him to go Elm Street and resurrects him to kill teens there in order to create fear in the townsfolk that Freddy has returned, which would allow him to regain his power.

Meanwhile, Lori Campbell, who lives with her widowed father Dr. Campbell, has a sleepover with her friends Kia and Gibb. They are later joined by Trey, Gibb's emotionally abusive boyfriend and his friend Blake. Jason enters the house and murders Trey, causing the police to suspect Freddy. After a nightmare, Blake awakens to find his father decapitated by Jason, who then kills Blake himself. The police call it a murder–suicide the following day, hoping to conceal Freddy's return from the rest of the town.

Elsewhere, Lori's ex-boyfriend Will Rollins and his friend Mark Davis, who are involuntary psychiatric patients at Westin Hills because of their previous contact with Freddy, see a news report about the killings that prompts them to escape and return to Springwood to warn Lori about Freddy. That night, Lori and the others attend a rave in a cornfield. Freddy tries to kill Gibb in a nightmare, but Jason kills her first in the real world along with others at the rave, angering Freddy, who realizes that Jason’s killing spree will deny him victims.

Will, Lori and Kia escape the rave with school nerd Charlie Linderman and stoner Bill Freeburg. After dropping off the latter three and a confrontation with Dr. Campbell (who was responsible for having Will and Mark committed to Westin Hills) over Will's certainty that he saw Dr. Campbell murder her mother, Will and Lori head to Mark’s house, only to see him get killed by Freddy. Deputy Scott Stubbs, believing Jason is a copycat killer, makes contact with Lori and her friends, who deduce Freddy's plan. Learning about Hypnocil, they try to get it from Westin Hills; however, Freddy possesses Freeburg, using him to dispose of the medicine. Jason arrives, kills a security guard and electrocutes Scott. Freddy uses the possessed Freeburg to tranquilize Jason, causing him to fall asleep after slashing Freeburg in half.

The teens devise a plan to pull Freddy from the dream world into reality and force him to fight Jason, bringing the unconscious Jason back home to Camp Crystal Lake in New Jersey where the real estate is in development. Freddy fights Jason in the dream world, where he discovers that Jason has a subconscious fear of drowning. Freddy uses this to his advantage and Jason becomes afraid, reverting to his younger self. Lori goes to sleep to pull Freddy out and save Jason. As Freddy tortures Lori in the dream world, revealing that he murdered her mother, Jason awakens at the real Camp Crystal Lake and pursues the teens, killing Linderman. Lori is awakened and pulls Freddy into the physical world, where he is confronted by Jason.

Freddy and Jason fight throughout the campgrounds, during which Jason kills Kia. Freddy uses the construction site to gain the upper hand and cuts off Jason's fingers, allowing Freddy to take his machete. As Freddy is slicing away at Jason, Lori distracts him before Jason punches his fingerless hand through Freddy's torso. Freddy retaliates by plunging Jason's machete into his side and Jason rips Freddy's gloved arm off. Lori and Will set the dock on fire, causing numerous propane tanks to explode and throwing Freddy and Jason into the lake. Lori and Will embrace as Freddy makes his way to them on the dock and is about to kill the couple with Jason's machete, but he is impaled by Jason with his own clawed arm, allowing Lori to behead Freddy with the machete. Jason falls off the dock and Freddy's head and body sink into the lake, both seemingly dead. After dropping the machete where Jason submerged, Lori and Will leave.

The next morning, Jason emerges from the lake, holding his machete and Freddy's head. Freddy winks and his laughter is heard in the background, leaving the winner ambiguous.

Cast

Additionally, Evangeline Lilly had a walk-on role as a high-school student.[5][6] Professional wrestler Óscar Gutiérrez, better known by his ring name Rey Mysterio, was Englund's stunt double for a scene in Freddy's boiler room lair.[7] New Line Cinema studio chief Robert Shaye,[8] who produced every preceding Nightmare on Elm Street film, played the school principal (credited as L.E. Moko).

Production

Development

Influenced by fan desire for a crossover film with a fight between Freddy and Jason, New Line Cinema and Paramount Pictures tried to make a Freddy vs. Jason movie in 1987. Frank Mancuso Jr. enlisted Tom McLoughlin to unite the studios, but no agreement could be made.[9] When Friday the 13th Part VIII: Jason Takes Manhattan failed at the box office, Sean S. Cunningham wanted to reacquire the rights to Friday the 13th and begin working with New Line Cinema on Freddy vs. Jason. Paramount and New Line wanted the license to the other's character so they could control a crossover film. Negotiations on the project collapsed, and Paramount made Jason Takes Manhattan. After Friday the 13th Part VIII: Jason Takes Manhattan was released in 1989, the rights reverted to Scuderi, Minasian, and Barsamianto (who sold them to New Line). Two years after initial talks fell apart, director Joseph Zito attempted to revive the project, but neither Mancuso nor Robert Shaye were interested in pursuing the project.[10] Before Cunningham could begin to work on Freddy vs. Jason, Wes Craven returned to New Line to make New Nightmare. This put Freddy vs. Jason on hold, but allowed Cunningham to bring Jason back with Jason Goes to Hell: The Final Friday.[11] The ninth installment "turned a healthy profit".[12] In a 1995 interview with Fangoria, Craven was dismissive of the idea of Freddy vs. Jason, saying it was taking "something that had a lot of impact and dignity and dragging it down to another level."[13] Cunningham's "frustration" with the delayed development of Freddy vs. Jason led him to create Jason X to keep the series alive. Based on Jason Takes Manhattan's concept of taking Jason away from Crystal Lake, the tenth film put the titular character in space.[14] The film lost its biggest supporter with the resignation of president of production Michael De Luca. Lack of support let the finished film sit for two years before it was released on April 26, 2002. It was the series' lowest-grossing film at the domestic box office, and had the largest budget of any of the films to date.[15] Jason Goes to Hell duo Adam Marcus and Dean Lorey were courted early on, but no official deal was finalized.[16][17]

New Line spent a reported $6 million on script development alone from several different writers.[18] Lewis Abernathy, writer of Deepstar Six and House IV, was the first screenwriter attached to the film. Abernathy sought to direct his script, entitled Nightmare 13: Freddy Meets Jason, but his limited directing experience prohibited him from doing so.[19] David J. Schow was given an offer to write the script because he just happened to walk by De Luca's office one day.[18] Schow revised Abernathy's script, expanding upon a cult that worships Freddy Krueger.[20] In 1994, De Luca passed on the draft and turned to Brannon Braga and Ronald D. Moore, who wrote Jason vs. Freddy, which had a more "adult tone" than previous entries.[21] The writing duo would depart the film and would be replaced by Peter Briggs, who impressed the studio with his previous crossover attempt, Alien vs. Predator. Briggs' draft saw numerous returning characters across several films.[22] By 1996, Demon Knight scribes Cyrus Voris and Ethan Reiff were commissioned by Cunningham to write a new script, under the title Freddy vs. Jason: Millennium Massacre, with Rob Bottin, known for his make-up work on The Thing and Total Recall, directing.[23][24] New Line previously offered the spot to Guillermo del Toro and Peter Jackson to no avail.[25][26] Bottin opted to drop the current draft of the script and penned his own treatment. David S. Goyer and his writing partner James Dale Robinson were subsequently hired to flesh out Bottin's treatment into a screenplay. No parties involved were happy with the script, leading to Goyer and Robinson exiting the film.[27] Bottin and his treatment were retained despite clashing with the studio over the film's budget. Screenwriting duo Jonathan Aibel and Glenn Berger, known for their work on King of the Hill, were selected by the director to write a new script. The draft was widely disliked at Cunningham Productions.[28] Bottin initially considered revising the script himself, but ultimately left the film altogether.[29]

In 1999, Mark Verheiden entered the project and proposed releasing the film with two different endings; one with Freddy winning and one with Jason winning.[30] The next year, De Luca hired Mark Protosevich to write an entirely new script.[31] Jason X writer Todd Farmer wrote for the film as well.[32] Newcomers Mark Swift & Damian Shannon were hired after delivering a pitch that De Luca was happy with in March 2002.[33] Goyer returned to the project once again in an effort to trim "every ounce of fat" from Swift and Shannon's 120-page script.[34] Wes Craven, Guillermo del Toro, and Ronny Yu all declined the opportunity to direct the film.[35] Rob Zombie turned the film down in favor to helm House of 1000 Corpses.[36] Then up-and-coming filmmaker Jaume Balagueró campaigned to direct the film. Yu would ultimately sign on to direct the film in May 2002 after being given an "enormous" amount of creative freedom.[35] According to Swift and Shannon, several endings were considered for the film; one involved a surprise appearance from Pinhead of the Hellraiser franchise, but New Line did not want to secure the rights for the character.[37]

Casting

In 1999, Robert Englund officially signed onto the film, marking his eighth appearance as the character of Freddy Krueger.[23] In August 2002, Entertainment Weekly revealed Kelly Rowland and Brad Renfro were cast in the film, while Kane Hodder would reprise his role as Jason Voorhees.[38][39] However, conflicting reports emerged with IGN stating that the film was looking to reinvent the character, thus ditching Hodder.[40] Monica Keena was selected to portray the film's lead after an "extensive search", while the supporting cast were made up of Canadian actors, including Katharine Isabelle, Lochlyn Munro, Brendan Fletcher, Tom Butler, David Kopp, Jesse Hutch, Kyle Labine and Zack Ward.[41] Betsy Palmer was courted to reprise her role as Pamela Voorhees from Friday the 13th, but declined due to salary disputes.[42] Actress Paula Shaw would assume the role from Palmer.[43] Just one week before production commenced, Jason Ritter was cast in place of Renfro.[44]

Casting Jason

New Line, thinking that Freddy vs. Jason needed a fresh start, chose a different actor to play Jason. Cunningham disagreed with their decision, believing that Kane Hodder, who had played Jason in the previous four films, was the best choice for the role.[45] Although Hodder received a script for Freddy vs. Jason and met with director Ronny Yu and New Line executives, Yu and Matthew Barry felt that the role should be recast to fit Yu's image of Jason.[45] Hodder said that New Line did not give him a reason for the recasting; according to Yu, however, he wanted a taller, slower and more-deliberate Jason.[46] The role went to Ken Kirzinger, a Canadian stuntman who worked on Jason Takes Manhattan. Yu said that Kirzinger was hired because he was taller than Robert Englund, who played Freddy Krueger. Kirzinger is 6 feet 5 inches (196 cm) tall, compared to the 6-foot-3-inch (191 cm) Hodder, and Yu wanted a much taller actor than the 5-foot-9-inch (175 cm) Englund. Kirzinger believed that his experience on Part VIII (doubling for Hodder in two scenes) and his height helped him land the part.[45][46] New Line did not cast Kirzinger until they saw him on film, and his first scene was Jason walking down Elm Street.[45] Douglas Tait played Jason in a re-shot ending:

Unfortunately for me, it was the only scene I was hired to do. The test audiences were confused about the original ending, they thought Jason Ritter's character was becoming Jason [sic]. You can see it in the deleted scenes, that is why they decided to re-shoot the ending. Originally I was being considered for playing the role of Jason in the entire film. It was actually between me and Ken. When they took the film to Canada, I was out of luck. There was no way they were going to pay for my flight and hotel stay when Ken was a local. Also, Ken is older than me and he was a lot more established in the business than I was at the time ... I was on the film for a couple days. The water sequence took a lot of preparation. They realized that when I got wet, I looked too skinny in the clothes, so they had to bulk me up with pads and extra clothing so it would look like I was still big. Being with all this extra weight, one eye covered, a machete in one hand, Freddy's head in another hand, and being totally submerged in water, made that scene very difficult. Also, Ronny Yu wanted me to walk like I was walking on land. He wanted it to look like I could walk through the water without it making me rise to the surface. To do this effect, they had a rope tied under water that I held onto with my left hand (with Freddy's severed head in it also), and I held myself down on the ground so I could pull myself and walk forward.[47]

Filming

Filming for Freddy vs. Jason began on September 9, 2002 in Vancouver and ended on December 10, 2002.[48][49]

Release

The film was released on VHS and DVD as part of New Line's Platinum Series on January 13, 2004. The DVD release contained a second disc of bonus content with audio commentary by Ronny Yu, Ken Kirzinger and Robert Englund, and deleted and alternate scenes with commentary. Ill Niño's music video for "How Can I Live"; trailers and TV ads, soundtrack promotion and behind-the-scenes featurettes. The film was released on October 4, 2005 on Universal Media Disc and September 8, 2009 on Blu-ray; the Blu-ray release had the same content as the Platinum Series DVD.[50]

Reception

Box office

Freddy vs. Jason has grossed $82.6 million in the United States and Canada and $34 million in other territories for a total of $116.6 million, against a production budget of $30 million.

The film earned $36.4 million in its opening weekend at 3,014 theaters in North America, topping the box office. It remained number one in its second weekend grossing $13.4 million, and dropped to sixth place in its third weekend with $7.1 million.

Critical response

On Rotten Tomatoes, Freddy vs. Jason has an approval rating of 41% based on 165 reviews and an average rating of 5.00/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "Fans of the two horror franchises will enjoy this showdown. But for everyone else, it's the same old slice and dice."[51] On Metacritic the film has a weighted average score of 37 out of 100 based on 29 reviews, indicating "generally unfavorable reviews".[52] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave it an average grade of "B+" on an A+-to-F scale.[53]

Kim Newman of Empire gave the film three stars out of five, writing: "FVJ ignores any attempts at cleverness and picks up storylines dropped in Freddy's Dead and Jason Goes To Hell."[54] Sacha Molitorisz of The Sydney Morning Herald wrote: "this is a solid effort, with enough frights, humour, blood, surprises and killer dialogue to entertain consistently."[55] Robert K. Elder of the Chicago Tribune gave the film two and a half stars out of four, saying that it "succeeds as a guilty pleasure, a monster mash that clobbers the recent lackluster sequels plaguing both legacies."[56]

In an interview with Entertainment Weekly published in 2023, Robert England said he was proud of Freddy vs. Jason: "It took the genius of Ronnie Yu. I'm really proud of that film. It's really fun to see on a nice big flat screen with the sound turned up and some cold pizza."[57]

Accolades

Doug Chapman and Glenn Ennis were nominated for the Best Fire Stunt award at the Taurus World Stunt Awards 2004 for the double full-body burn and wire stunt. Chapman doubled for Robert Englund as Freddy and Ennis doubled for Ken Kirzinger as Jason in the stunt.[58] The film was also nominated for Best Horror Film at the Saturn Awards.

Novelization

Black Flame published a novelization of the film on July 29, 2003.[59]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 ""Freddy Vs. Jason"". Archived from the original on March 8, 2012. Retrieved March 17, 2015.
  2. ↑ "Freddy vs. Jason". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved August 14, 2023.
  3. ↑ "Exclusive Interview: Zack Ward | Friday the 13th: The Website". fridaythe13thfilms.com. Archived from the original on June 14, 2018. Retrieved February 8, 2017.
  4. ↑ "Zack Ward biography and filmography | Zack Ward movies". Tribute.ca. Archived from the original on February 10, 2017. Retrieved February 8, 2017.
  5. ↑ "Before They Were Stars: Evangeline Lilly". About.com Entertainment. Archived from the original on November 24, 2015. Retrieved February 8, 2017.
  6. ↑ "Before They Were Stars: Evangeline Lilly as an Extra in "Freddy vs. Jason"". The Back Row. April 11, 2012. Archived from the original on June 14, 2018. Retrieved February 8, 2017.
  7. ↑ "30 Surprising WWE Facts You Probably Didn't Know". WhatCulture.com. May 5, 2016. Archived from the original on August 14, 2018. Retrieved February 8, 2017.
  8. ↑ Konda, Kelly (May 30, 2014). "13 Things You May Not Know About Freddy Vs. Jason". We Minored in Film. Archived from the original on June 14, 2018. Retrieved February 8, 2017.
  9. ↑ Anderson, Derek (January 13, 2017). "Resurrecting a Monster: Tom McLoughlin on Bringing Jason Back to Life for Friday the 13th Part VI". Daily Dead. Archived from the original on March 31, 2022. Retrieved June 28, 2022.
  10. ↑ McNeill, Dustin (2017). Slash of the Titans: The Road to Freddy vs. Jason. Harker Press. p. 14. ISBN 9780692033494.
  11. ↑ Bracke, Peter, pp.218–219
  12. ↑ Bracke, Peter, pg. 238
  13. ↑ Cotter, Padraig (May 2, 2021). "Why Wes Craven Passed On 'Freddy Vs Jason". ScreenRant. Archived from the original on June 28, 2022. Retrieved June 28, 2022.
  14. ↑ Bracke, Peter, pp.242–243
  15. ↑ Bracke, Peter, pp.263–264
  16. ↑ Dick, Jeremy (December 23, 2017). "Jason Goes to Hell Director's Original Freddy vs Jason Pitch Sounds Insane". 1428Elm. Archived from the original on November 5, 2020. Retrieved June 28, 2022.
  17. ↑ McNeill, Dustin (2017). Slash of the Titans: The Road to Freddy vs. Jason. Harker Press. p. 29. ISBN 9780692033494.
  18. 1 2 Konda, Kelly (May 30, 2014). "13 Things You May Not Know About Freddy Vs. Jason". WeMinoredinFilm. Archived from the original on June 14, 2018. Retrieved June 13, 2020.
  19. ↑ McNeill, Dustin (2017). Slash of the Titans: The Road to Freddy vs. Jason. Harker Press. pp. 31–32. ISBN 9780692033494.
  20. ↑ Mancuso, Vince (August 15, 2018). "6 Insane Freddy vs. Jason Ideas That Never Happened". Collider. Archived from the original on November 7, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2022.
  21. ↑ McNeill, Dustin (2017). Slash of the Titans: The Road to Freddy vs. Jason. Harker Press. p. 52. ISBN 9780692033494.
  22. ↑ Ferrante, Anthony (September 1, 2003). "Freddy & Jason Go to Development Hell: Part One". Nightmare on Elm Street Films. Archived from the original on May 17, 2022. Retrieved June 28, 2022.
  23. 1 2 Martin, Ben (April 3, 2021). "Franchise Expansion (Or Implosion): Freddy Vs. Jason". Comicon. Archived from the original on May 16, 2022. Retrieved June 28, 2022.
  24. ↑ Petrikin, Chris (August 18, 1997). "New Line taps Bottin for Freddy vs. Jason". Variety. Archived from the original on August 6, 2017. Retrieved June 13, 2020.
  25. ↑ McNeill, Dustin (2017). Slash of the Titans: The Road to Freddy vs. Jason. Harker Press. p. 104. ISBN 9780692033494.
  26. ↑ Gunning, Cathal (February 6, 2022). "Every Way Freddy Vs Jason's Original Plan Changed". ScreenRant. Archived from the original on June 28, 2022. Retrieved June 28, 2022.
  27. ↑ McNeill, Dustin (2017). Slash of the Titans: The Road to Freddy vs. Jason. Harker Press. pp. 104–107. ISBN 9780692033494.
  28. ↑ McNeill, Dustin (2017). Slash of the Titans: The Road to Freddy vs. Jason. Harker Press. p. 121. ISBN 9780692033494.
  29. ↑ McNeill, Dustin (2017). Slash of the Titans: The Road to Freddy vs. Jason. Harker Press. p. 128. ISBN 9780692033494.
  30. ↑ Squires, John (February 21, 2017). "The 5 Most Insane Freddy vs. Jason Ideas That Never Came To Be". Bloody Disgusting. Archived from the original on September 3, 2018. Retrieved June 13, 2020.
  31. ↑ McNeill, Dustin (2017). Slash of the Titans: The Road to Freddy vs. Jason. Harker Press. p. 155. ISBN 9780692033494.
  32. ↑ "Blood Type: The Todd Farmer Interview". Screen-Space. February 19, 2013. Archived from the original on July 6, 2020. Retrieved July 6, 2020.
  33. ↑ McNeill, Dustin (2017). Slash of the Titans: The Road to Freddy vs. Jason. Harker Press. p. 192. ISBN 9780692033494.
  34. ↑ Thurman, Trace (May 13, 2016). "Hockey Masks, Machetes and Razor Fingers: The Writers Behind Freddy Vs. Jason Tell All!". Bloody Disgusting. Archived from the original on August 19, 2020. Retrieved June 13, 2020.
  35. 1 2 McNeill, Dustin (2017). Slash of the Titans: The Road to Freddy vs. Jason. Harker Press. p. 207. ISBN 9780692033494.
  36. ↑ Sprague, Mike (January 7, 2020). "Rob Zombie Almost Directed Freddy vs. Jason". Dread Central. Archived from the original on April 14, 2023. Retrieved June 28, 2022.
  37. ↑ Thurman, Trace (May 13, 2016). "Hockey Masks, Machetes and Razor Fingers: The Writers Behind 'Freddy Vs. Jason' Tell All!". Bloody Disgusting. Archived from the original on October 9, 2017. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
  38. ↑ Susman, Gary (August 1, 2002). "Kelly Rowland Joins Freddy Vs. Jason cast". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on June 28, 2022. Retrieved June 28, 2022.
  39. ↑ Susman, Gary (August 5, 2002). "Brad Renfro Will Star in Freddy vs. Jason". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on June 28, 2022. Retrieved June 28, 2022.
  40. ↑ Linder, Brian (August 23, 2002). "Rowland Joins Freddy vs. Jason". IGN. Archived from the original on June 28, 2022. Retrieved June 28, 2022.
  41. ↑ McNeill, Dustin (2017). Slash of the Titans: The Road to Freddy vs. Jason. Harker Press. p. 208. ISBN 9780692033494.
  42. ↑ Dick, Jeremy (September 17, 2016). "Freddy vs. Jason: 10 Things You Didn't Know". 1428Elm. Archived from the original on June 28, 2022. Retrieved June 28, 2022.
  43. ↑ Palmer, Jason (June 7, 2011). "Chat With Paula Shaw (Mrs. Voorhees, Freddy vs Jason)". Fridaythe13thFranchise. Archived from the original on May 23, 2022. Retrieved June 28, 2022.
  44. ↑ Linder, Brian (September 10, 2002). "Freddy vs. Jason: Renfro Gets the Axe". IGN. Archived from the original on June 28, 2022. Retrieved June 28, 2022.
  45. 1 2 3 4 Bracke, Peter, pp. 280–286
  46. 1 2 Grove, David, p. 217
  47. ↑ Interview: Douglas Tait (Jason Voorhees, ‘Freddy vs Jason’) Archived 2010-10-16 at the Wayback Machine fridaythe13thfilms.com October 14, 2010. Retrieved April 5, 2011.
  48. ↑ "The Making of Freddy vs. Jason". August 1, 2003. Archived from the original on August 4, 2021. Retrieved August 27, 2021.
  49. ↑ McNeill, Dustin (2017). Slash of the Titans: The Road to Freddy vs. Jason. Harker Press. p. 210. ISBN 9780692033494.
  50. ↑ Calonge, Juan (May 13, 2009). "Warner Announces Ten Catalog Titles for September". Blu-ray.com. Archived from the original on January 18, 2013. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  51. ↑ "Freddy vs. Jason Movie Reviews". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango Media. Archived from the original on November 11, 2020. Retrieved March 13, 2020.
  52. ↑ "Freddy vs. Jason: Reviews". Metacritic. Archived from the original on May 18, 2019. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
  53. ↑ "Cinemascore". Archived from the original on December 20, 2018.
  54. ↑ Newman, Kim. "Freddy vs Jason". Empire. Archived from the original on October 31, 2021. Retrieved October 31, 2021.
  55. ↑ Molitorisz, Sacha (October 23, 2003). "Freddy vs Jason". The Sydney Morning Herald. Archived from the original on October 31, 2021. Retrieved October 31, 2021.
  56. ↑ Elder, Robert K. "Movie review: 'Freddy vs. Jason'". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on August 25, 2003. Retrieved October 31, 2021.
  57. ↑ https://ew.com/movies/robert-englund-roles-freddy-krueger-stranger-things-hollywood-dreams-and-nightmares/
  58. ↑ Taurus Award Archive Archived 2008-04-11 at the Wayback Machine
  59. ↑ Hand, Stephen; Shannon, Damian; Swift, Mark J. (2003). Freddy vs. Jason novelization. ISBN 1844160599.

Sources

  • Bracke, Peter (2006), Crystal Lake Memories: The Complete History of Friday The 13th, Titan Books, ISBN 978-1845763435
  • Grove, David (2005), Making Friday the 13th: The Legend of Camp Blood, FAB Press, ISBN 978-1903254318
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