Gerry Studds
Member of the
U.S. House of Representatives
from Massachusetts
In office
January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1997
Preceded byHastings Keith
Succeeded byBill Delahunt
Constituency12th district (1973–1983)
10th district (1983–1997)
Personal details
Born
Gerry Eastman Studds

(1937-05-12)May 12, 1937
Mineola, New York, U.S.
DiedOctober 14, 2006(2006-10-14) (aged 69)
Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.
Political partyDemocratic
Spouse
Dean Hara
​
(m. 2004)​
EducationYale University (BA, MA)

Gerry Eastman Studds (/ˈɡɛri/; May 12, 1937 – October 14, 2006) was an American Democratic Congressman from Massachusetts who served from 1973 until 1997. He was the first member of Congress to be openly gay. In 1983 he was censured by the House of Representatives after he admitted to what he described as a "consensual relationship" with a 17-year-old page.

Early life and career

Gerry Studds, born in Mineola, New York, was a descendant of Elbridge Gerry, who was the 9th governor of Massachusetts. The son of Elbridge Gerry Eastman Studds (an architect who helped design the FDR Drive in New York City) and his wife, the former Beatrice Murphy,[1] he had a brother, Colin Studds, and a sister, Gaynor Studds (Stewart). Studds attended elementary and middle school at Derby Academy.[2]

Studds attended Yale University, receiving a bachelor's degree in history in 1959 and a master's degree in 1961. While at Yale, he was a member of St. Anthony Hall.[3] Following graduation, Studds was a foreign service officer in the State Department and then an assistant in the Kennedy White House, where he worked to establish a domestic Peace Corps. Later, he became a teacher at St. Paul's School in Concord, New Hampshire. In 1968, he played a key role in U.S. Senator Eugene McCarthy's campaign in the New Hampshire presidential primary.[4]

Career in the United States Congress

Studds made his first run for Congress in 1970, but lost to the incumbent Republican representative, Hastings Keith, in a close election. In 1972, with Keith not running for re-election, Studds won the 12th congressional district seat. He moved to the 10th district seat after redistricting in 1983.

Studds was a central figure in the 1983 congressional page sex scandal, when he and Representative Dan Crane were each separately censured by the House of Representatives for inappropriate relationships with congressional pages — in Studds' case, a 1973[5] sexual relationship with a 17-year-old male. During the course of the House Ethics Committee's investigation, Studds publicly acknowledged his homosexuality; according to The Washington Post, this information "apparently was not news to many of his constituents". Studds stated in an address to the House, "It is not a simple task for any of us to meet adequately the obligations of either public or private life, let alone both, but these challenges are made substantially more complex when one is, as I am, both an elected public official and gay." He acknowledged that it had been inappropriate to engage in a relationship with a subordinate, and said his actions represented "a very serious error in judgment."[6]

On July 20, 1983, the House voted to censure Studds, by a vote of 420–3.[5] In addition, the Democratic leadership stripped Studds of his chairmanship of the House Merchant Marine Subcommittee. Studds received two standing ovations from supporters in his home district at his first town meeting following his congressional censure.[7]

Studds defended his sexual involvement as a "consensual relationship with a young adult." Dean Hara, whom Studds married in 2004, said after Studds' death in 2006 that Studds had never been ashamed of the relationship.[8] In testimony to investigators, the page described the relationship as consensual and not intimidating.[9]

Although Studds said he disagreed with the committee's findings of improper sexual conduct, he waived his right to public hearings on the allegations in order to protect the privacy of those involved:

"...I have foremost in my mind the need to protect, to the extent it is still possible given the committee's action, the privacy of other individuals affected by these allegations," said Studds. "Those individuals have a right to personal privacy that would be inevitably and irremediably shattered if I were to insist on public hearings...."
Studds said that deciding not to have a hearing "presented me with the most difficult choice I have had to make in my life."[10]

Studds was re-elected to the House six more times after the 1983 censure. He fought for many issues, including environmental and maritime issues, same-sex marriage, AIDS funding, and civil rights, particularly for gays and lesbians. Studds was an outspoken opponent of the Strategic Defense Initiative missile defense system, which he considered wasteful and ineffective, and he criticized the United States government's secretive support for the Contra fighters in Nicaragua.[11]

Later years and death

After retiring from Congress in 1997, Studds worked as a lobbyist for the fishing industry. Studds previously worked for two years as executive director of the New Bedford Oceanarium, a facility still under development.

Studds and partner Dean T. Hara (his companion since 1991) were married in Boston on May 24, 2004, one week after Massachusetts became the first state in the country to legalize same-sex marriage.[11]

The Gerry E. Studds Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary, which sits at the mouth of Massachusetts Bay, is named for Studds.

In 2006, the Mark Foley page scandal brought Studds's name into prominence again, as media pundits compared the actions of Foley and Congress in 2006 to Studds and Congress in 1983.[11]

Studds died on October 14, 2006, in Boston, at age 69, several days after suffering a pulmonary embolism.[12] Due to the federal ban on same-sex marriage, Hara was not eligible, upon Studds' death, to receive the pension provided to surviving spouses of former members of Congress.[13] Hara later joined a federal lawsuit, Gill v. Office of Personnel Management, that successfully challenged the constitutionality of section 3 of the Defense of Marriage Act.[14]

In a 2018 lawsuit, Studds was accused of sexual misconduct toward students at Saint Paul's School in Concord, NH, while he was a teacher there in the 1960s.[15]

In August 2019, Studds was one of the honorees inducted in the Rainbow Honor Walk, a walk of fame in San Francisco's Castro neighborhood noting LGBTQ people who have "made significant contributions in their fields."[16][17][18]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Jackson, Kenneth T.; Markoe, Karen; Markoe, Arnie (20 November 2009). The Scribner Encyclopedia of American Lives: 2006-2008. Charles Scribner's Sons. ISBN 9780684315751. Archived from the original on 2015-01-19. Retrieved 2015-01-19.
  2. ↑ "STUDDS, Gerry Eastman | US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives".
  3. ↑ Schneider, Mark Robert. Gerry Studds: America’s First Openly Gay Congressman. University of Massachusetts Press, 2017. p. 37. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv346vd8 .
  4. ↑ 1968 In America, by Charles Kaiser.
  5. 1 2 Roberts, Steven V. (21 July 1983). "House censures Crane and Studds for sexual relations with pages". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2018-08-10. Retrieved 2018-09-22.
  6. ↑ "Housecleaning". Time. July 25, 1983. Archived from the original on November 3, 2006. Retrieved October 4, 2006.
  7. ↑ "Studds Gets Standing Ovations At First Meeting Since Censure". Washington Post. August 12, 1983. Archived from the original on October 26, 2012. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
  8. ↑ "First openly gay person elected to Congress dies". NBC News. October 14, 2006.
  9. ↑ Pianin, Eric (1983-07-15). "Committee Recommends House Reprimand Two For Sexual Misconduct". The Washington Post. pp. A1.
  10. ↑ Boston Globe, July 15, 1983, pg 1.
  11. 1 2 3 Cave, Damien (October 15, 2006). "Gerry Studds Dies at 69; First Openly Gay Congressman". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 25, 2012.
  12. ↑ Lindsay, Jay (October 15, 2006). "Studds, 1st Openly Gay Congressman, Dies". Associated Press. Archived from the original on October 20, 2006. Retrieved May 28, 2019.
  13. ↑ LeBlanc, Steve (2006-10-18). "Congressman's spouse can't have pension". Washington Post. Associated Press. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved July 3, 2013.
  14. ↑ Gerry Studds's widower: DOMA ruling gives gays 'a seat on the bus' Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine Boston Herald. June 26, 2013. Retrieved July 3, 2013.
  15. ↑ "Suit calls St. Paul's 'haven' for predators". The Boston Globe. Archived from the original on 2018-08-23. Retrieved 2018-08-22.
  16. ↑ Barmann, Jay (September 2, 2014). "Castro's Rainbow Honor Walk Dedicated Today". SFist. Archived from the original on August 10, 2019. Retrieved August 15, 2019.
  17. ↑ Bajko, Matthew S. (June 5, 2019). "Castro to see more LGBT honor plaques". The Bay Area Reporter. Retrieved 2019-08-16.
  18. ↑ Yollin, Patricia (August 6, 2019). "Tributes in Bronze: 8 More LGBT Heroes Join S.F.'s Rainbow Honor Walk". KQED: The California Report. Retrieved 2019-08-16.

Further reading

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