Spokane International Airport

Geiger Army Airfield
Spokane International Airport in 2010,
viewed from the south
Summary
Airport typePublic
OwnerSpokane County & City of Spokane
OperatorSpokane Airport Board
ServesInland Northwest (primarily Spokane–Coeur d'Alene area)
LocationWest Hills, Spokane, Washington, United States
Hub for
Elevation AMSL2,385 ft / 727 m
Coordinates47°37′12″N 117°32′02″W / 47.62000°N 117.53389°W / 47.62000; -117.53389
WebsiteSpokaneAirports.net
Map
GEG is located in Washington (state)
GEG
GEG
GEG is located in the United States
GEG
GEG
Runways
Direction Length Surface
ft m
03/21 11,002 3,353 Asphalt/concrete
08/26 8,199 2,499 Asphalt
Statistics
Aircraft operations (12 months ending December 2022)66,720
Based aircraft (2018)60
Total passengers served (12 months ending December 2022)3,920,972
Cargo handled (12 months ending December 2022)157,789,826 lbs.
Source: Federal Aviation Administration;[1] Spokane International Airport[2]

Spokane International Airport (IATA: GEG, ICAO: KGEG, FAA LID: GEG) is a commercial airport located approximately 7 miles (11 km) west-southwest of downtown Spokane, Washington, United States. It is the primary airport serving the Inland Northwest, which consists of 30 counties and includes areas such as Spokane, the Tri-Cities, both in Eastern Washington, and Coeur d'Alene in North Idaho. The airport's code, GEG, is derived from its former name, Geiger Field, which honored Major Harold Geiger (1884–1927).

As of 2015, Spokane International Airport (GEG) ranks as the 70th-busiest airport in the United States in terms of passenger enplanements.[3] At 4,112,784 total passengers served in 2019, it is the second busiest airport in Washington. GEG is served by six airlines with non-stop service to 15 airports in 13 markets.

It is included in the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2017–2021, in which it is categorized as a small-hub primary commercial service facility.[4]

History

World War II Geiger Field postcard
Geiger Field in 1943

Known as Sunset Field before 1941, it was purchased from the county by the War Department and renamed Geiger Field (hence the IATA code GEG) after Major Harold Geiger, an Army aviation pioneer who died in a crash in 1927.

During World War II, Geiger Field was a major training base by Second Air Force as a group training airfield for B-17 Flying Fortress heavy bombardment units, with new aircraft being obtained from Boeing near Seattle. It was also used by Air Technical Service Command as an aircraft maintenance and supply depot; Deer Park Airport and Felts Field were auxiliaries.

In 1943, General Hap Arnold established the first formal fire protection training course at Geiger Field, Washington. It was used until 1946.

Geiger Field was served by a rail connection to the Great Northern Railway.[5]

Geiger was closed in late 1945 and turned over to War Assets Administration (WAA), then transferred to Spokane County and developed into a commercial airport. The airport hosted USAF Air Defense Command interceptor units during the Cold War for air defense of Hanford Nuclear Reservation and Grand Coulee Dam. Built in 1942 as the Spokane Air Depot, Fairchild Air Force Base is four miles (7 km) to the west.

It became Spokane's municipal airport in 1946, replacing Felts Field, and received its present name in 1960, after the City of Spokane was allotted Spokane Geiger Field by the Surplus Property Act and Air Canada started service to Calgary.[6] In November 1972, the 4702d Defense Wing moved to the airfield. It was still used by the Air Force into the early 1960s, with the 84th Fighter Group operating Convair F-106 Delta Dart interceptors.[7] The airport code is still GEG, for Geiger Field.

Concourse A and B complex originally opened in 1965.

The current Concourse A and B complex opened in 1965, designed by Warren C. Heylman and William Trogdon.[8][9]

Occasional non-stop flights to southern California since the 1970s have been among the first to be suspended during economic downturns.

Expansion from the 1970s

A second level was added to Concourse A and Concourse B in 1974.[10]

The airport has a Master Plan,[11] which includes a third runway and gates added to Concourse C.

A new control tower has been built south of the airport, replacing the one near Concourse C. The new control tower is the tallest one in the State. The Terminal, Rotunda, and Concourse C Enhancement Project (TRACE) was recently completed, designed by Bernardo/Wills Architects, P.C.[12] The project, which concluded in November 2006, added retail space and expanded security checkpoints in the airport's three concourses, and gave the Rotunda an aesthetic renovation. In 2010, 2000 feet was added to Runway 3–21 and parallel taxiways 'A' and 'G', enabling heavier aircraft departures in summer months.

By 2023, the airport plans to add new gates, centralized security and expanded baggage claim space as it looks to add more direct flights, including to the east coast, to capitalize on and accommodate growing passenger and cargo traffic; the Spokane market has been hosting big events and attracting business to the area.[13][14]

Terminal renovation and expansion (TREX) program

On October 20, 2022, the airport broke ground on the first phase of the project which includes expansion of Concourse C. The $150 million addition will add 144,000 square feet, 6 new gates and modernization of the existing terminal.[15] As of May 2023, the project is expected to be complete in late 2025.[16]

The second phase of the TREX program is focused on creating a centralized TSA screening checkpoint and baggage claim, as well as an improved operations center. This central connection will also allow easier navigation between the A/B and C concourses.[15] As of January 2023, the 145,000 square foot Central Hall is estimated to cost $179 million and has a planned construction timeline of 2025 to 2027.[17] Other projects planned in the TREX program include relocation of the rental car facilities, and renovation of the A/B concourse.[15]

Facilities

FAA diagram

Airfield

The airport covers 6,140 acres (2,480 ha) and operates two paved runways:[1][18]

  • Runway 3/21: 11,002 ft × 150 ft (3,353 m × 46 m), asphalt/concrete
  • Runway 8/26: 8,199 ft × 150 ft (2,499 m × 46 m), asphalt

Tower

It is believed that the tower is the only federal air traffic control tower named for any single person. That honor was bestowed in 2010 on Ray Daves, the World War II radioman who survived Pearl Harbor and Midway and went on to serve as an air traffic controller in Spokane after the war until the 1970s.[19][20]

Terminals

Terminals at Spokane International Airport

The passenger terminal facility at Spokane International Airport has three main structures; Concourse A and B in the center, Concourse C to the southwest, and the Ground Transportation Center to the north. The three structures are immediately adjacent and connected, however the two concourse structures are not linked with an airside connector on the sterile side; as such, connecting passengers need to transit between Concourse A-B and Concourse C through the landside, non-sterile circulation.

Concourse A/B

Entrance to the Concourse A-B ticketing area
View of the Rotunda in Concourse A-B

The 1965 Concourse A/B complex includes the two concourses linked by a central rotunda area with dining and shopping vendors. The 37,000 sq ft (3,400 m2) rotunda is supported entirely along its perimeter and features no obstructions.[21] Concourse A houses 5 gates (11-15), while Concourse B houses 8 gates (1–8).

The Concourse A-B complex originally opened on April 1, 1965, and was designed by Warren C. Heylman and William Trogdon.[22] The new terminal cost a reported US$4,600,000 (equivalent to $42,720,000 in 2022) and was dedicated on May 8, 1965,[23] in a ceremony attended by Senator Warren Magnuson and Civil Aeronautics Board chair Alan Boyd.[21] Designed in the Neo-Expressionism style, the building's architecture prominently features exposed concrete as well as distinct sculpted and monolithic architectural shapes and forms.

As the airport has continued to incrementally expand, some of the original architectural intent of the Concourse A-B complex has been lost. While several expansions to the concourse extended the building's original architectural style, other additions have altered it. In 1974, a second floor was added to both Concourses A and B to allow for the implementation of passenger boarding bridge access to aircraft. The new floors, while sharing some material commonality with the original Heylman and Trogdon concourse, lacked the same curvy and sculpted neo-expressionistic forms. The later additions of the ground transportation facility and Concourse C to the ends of the concourse building further altered the architecture by replacing its distinct bookend elevations and entrances with corridors to the adjacent buildings. Interior renovations in the mid-2000s also replaced many of Concourse A-B complex's original sculpted forms and monolithic materials with more rectilinear forms and contemporary finish materials. Despite this, many of the original architectural elements remain integral to the space (such as the exposed concrete roof trusses and concrete columns), creating a juxtaposition between the newer elements and the original architecture.

Under the proposed Terminal Renovation and Expansion (TREX) program to accommodate projected growth, the separate baggage claim areas in Concourse A-B and Concourse C would be consolidated into a single baggage claim with five carousels, and A-B would receive a renovation. Ultimately, operations at A-B would wind down under long-term plans to construct a new terminal in 2030, at the earliest.[24]

Southwest Airlines is the current primary occupant operating in and out of Concourse A. Delta and United Airlines both operate in and out of Concourse B. American Airlines operated in and out of Concourse B before relocating to Concourse C in March 2016.

Concourse C

Concourse C

Concourse C houses 9 gates, both upper (30-32) and lower (21a, 21b, 22-26). The lower level gates house regional turboprop aircraft, while the upper-level gates house narrow-body aircraft. The current iteration of Concourse C opened in 2000 after a $20 million redevelopment and expansion project, designed by Bernardo-Wills Architects.[25] The project, which broke ground in 1998 added 80,000 square feet (7,400 m2) to the concourse including a new baggage claim and two-story passenger facility. The 11,000-square-foot (1,000 m2) concourse was remodeled into service and operations functions.[26] The new Concourse C has a more contemporary architectural style, contrasting the appearance of the Concourse A and B complex, by employing a large use of metal cladding and large curtain window walls on its exterior building envelope. However, it draws inspiration from its neo-expressionist neighbor by architecturally expressing a modular, repetitive, and exposed structural grid through its façade and interior lobby areas.

Alaska Airlines and its subsidiary carrier Horizon Air were the primary occupants operating in and out of Concourse C after Frontier Airlines ceased operations to Spokane in January 2015.[27] However, that changed once American Airlines relocated to Concourse C in March 2016. Alaska and American operate in and out of the upper-level gates, while Horizon operates in and out of the lower level gates.

In October 2022, the airport broke ground on Phase 1 of the Terminal Renovation and Expansion (TREX) program which includes expansion of Concourse C. The concourse is currently under construction and expected to reopen in late 2025.[15][16]

Airlines and destinations

Passenger

AirlinesDestinations
Alaska Airlines Boise, Portland (OR), San Diego, San Francisco, San Jose (CA),[28] Seattle/Tacoma
Seasonal: Los Angeles
Allegiant Air Las Vegas,[29] Phoenix/Mesa
American Airlines Dallas/Fort Worth, Phoenix–Sky Harbor
Seasonal: Charlotte (begins June 5, 2024)[30]
Delta Air Lines Atlanta, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Salt Lake City, Seattle/Tacoma
Delta Connection Los Angeles, Salt Lake City, Seattle/Tacoma
Southwest Airlines Denver, Las Vegas, Oakland, Phoenix–Sky Harbor, Sacramento, San Jose (CA)
Seasonal: Dallas–Love (begins June 8, 2024)[31]
Sun Country Airlines Seasonal: Minneapolis/St. Paul[32]
United Airlines Denver
Seasonal: Chicago–O'Hare
United Express Denver, San Francisco
Destinations map

Cargo

AirlinesDestinations
Amazon Air Lakeland (FL)
Ameriflight Ephrata, Lewiston, Portland (OR), Seattle–Boeing, Seattle/Tacoma, Tri-Cities (WA), Wenatchee, Yakima
AirPac Airlines[33] Seattle–Boeing, Lewiston–Nez Perce County Airport, Idaho County Airport, Bowers Airport
FedEx Express Indianapolis, La Grande, Lewiston, Memphis, Moses Lake, Pendleton, Tri-Cities (WA), Wenatchee, Yakima
UPS Airlines Dallas/Fort Worth, Des Moines, Louisville, Ontario, Portland (OR), Seattle–Boeing, Vancouver
Western Air Express Boise, Portland (OR)

Statistics

Top destinations

Busiest domestic routes from GEG
(September 2022 - August 2023)[34]
Rank City Passengers Carriers
1 Washington (state) Seattle/Tacoma, Washington 524,000 Alaska, Delta
2 Colorado Denver, Colorado 254,000 Southwest, United
3 Utah Salt Lake City, Utah 169,000 Delta
4 Minnesota Minneapolis/St. Paul, Minnesota 118,000 Delta, Sun Country
5 Arizona Phoenix–Sky Harbor, Arizona 112,000 American, Southwest
6 Nevada Las Vegas, Nevada 102,000 Allegiant, Southwest
7 Oregon Portland, Oregon 84,000 Alaska
8 California Sacramento, California 74,000 Southwest
9 Texas Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas 73,000 American
10 Georgia (U.S. state) Atlanta, Georgia 72,000 Delta

Airline market share

Largest airlines at GEG (September 2022 - August 2023)
Rank Airline Passengers Share
1 Southwest Airlines 967,000 24.33%
2 Delta Air Lines 704,000 17.71%
3 Horizon Air 580,000 14.60%
4 SkyWest Airlines 576,000 14.49%
5 Alaska Airlines 524,000 13.19%
Other 623,000 15.67%

Annual traffic

Annual passenger traffic as reported by the Spokane International Airport (GEG).[35]

Annual passenger traffic (enplaned + deplaned) at GEG, 1990 through 2022[36][37]
Year Passengers Year Passengers Year Passengers Year Passengers
19901,619,88020003,068,89020103,181,61620201,955,538
19911,589,12320012,880,18620113,072,57220213,280,062
19921,855,95420022,745,78820123,005,66420223,920,972
19932,329,95320032,789,49920132,926,858
19942,687,48220043,059,66720142,986,652
19952,988,57520053,197,44020153,133,342
19963,258,76220063,224,42320163,234,095
19973,043,23820073,471,90120173,550,912
19982,949,83320083,422,11020183,998,272
19993,041,62620093,055,08120194,112,784

Ground transportation

Spokane Transit operates four stops at Spokane International Airport, with bus routes 60 and 63. The airport is also served by the WSDOT's Travel Washington Gold Line, Northwestern Trailways, Wheatland Express, Queen City Shuttle, and Special Mobility Service.

A consolidated rental car facility is located adjacent to the Ground Transportation Center on the north end of the main terminal. The consolidated facility opened in November 2008, replacing several satellite operations, and is intended to meet passenger growth at the airport for 20 years after its opening.[38]

Accidents and incidents

  • On March 10, 1961, a U.S. Air Force F-106 Delta Dart crashed three miles (5 km) west of Medical Lake while attempting to return to Geiger Field, killing its pilot.[39]
  • Six months later on September 14, 1961, a USAF F-106 crashed on approach to Geiger Field, killing its pilot.[40][41]
  • On February 18, 1972, a Beechcraft Model 99A, Cascade Airways Flight 325, operating Seattle-Walla Walla-Pullman-Spokane, crashed in fog at 9:42 pm PST during its instrument approach to Spokane International Airport, and came to rest in a muddy field less than two miles (3 km) southwest of the runway. Two passengers and two crew were aboard, and all survived with minor injuries. The pilot walked from the crash site to a nearby service station to report it.[42] The crash site was about 200 yards (180 m) from the Medical Lake exit (#272) of Interstate 90 and the landing gear of the plane was extended.[43] Due to fog, the flight had stopped in Pasco rather than Walla Walla.[42]
  • On January 20, 1981, a Beechcraft Model 99A, Cascade Airways Flight 201, crashed into a hill 4.5 miles (7 km) from the runway. The accident was caused by an incorrect distance measuring equipment frequency and premature descent to minimum descent altitude. Of the nine on board, seven were killed (including both pilots), and the surviving two passengers were seriously injured. The airline ceased operations about five years later.[44][45]
  • On March 18, 1994, a Douglas DC-3C of Salair crashed shortly after take-off on a cargo flight to Portland, killing both pilots. The starboard engine failed shortly after take-off; it had previously been in long-term storage and had been overhauled the previous year and fitted to the aircraft on February 21, replacing an engine that developed a misfire and loss of power. It had accumulated 15 hours flight time at the time of the accident. The aircraft was destroyed in the subsequent fire.[46][47][48][49][50]
  • On January 4, 1996, a Convair CV-440, operated by Salair on a positioning flight, lost power in both engines at 500 feet on an ILS approach to runway 3 due to fuel starvation and false fuel readings and darkness. The plane performed a forced landing, struck a berm in a field and was substantially damaged. Both occupants survived, but the aircraft was written off.[51]

See also

References

Public Domain This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency

  1. 1 2 FAA Airport Form 5010 for GEG PDF, effective December 30, 2021.
  2. ↑ "Spokane Intl Airport Data for 2022" (PDF). business.spokaneairports.net. Retrieved February 17, 2023.
  3. ↑ "Calendar Year 2015 Passenger Boardings at Commercial Service Airports" (PDF). Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Retrieved February 27, 2017.
  4. ↑ "List of NPIAS Airports" (PDF). FAA.gov. Federal Aviation Administration. Retrieved April 29, 2017.
  5. ↑ Staff, "Align Rail Route To Air Depot", The Spokesman-Review, Spokane, Washington, Wednesday 13 May 1942, Volume 59. Number 364, page 6.
  6. ↑ "Spokane Intl Airport – Home".; "Then and Now: Spokane International Airport | The Spokesman-Review".
  7. ↑ "Geiger's fast interceptors protecting area and nation". Spokesman-Review. January 6, 1963. p. 6.
  8. ↑ "Airport beams near completion". Spokesman-Review. March 30, 1964. p. 6.
  9. ↑ "Historic Preservation: Mid-Century Modern Architecture".
  10. ↑ "Terminal Roof Bid Accepted". The Spokesman-Review. August 25, 1977. p. 7. Retrieved January 22, 2015.
  11. ↑ "Spokane Intl Airport – Home".
  12. ↑ "Spokane Intl Airport – Home".
  13. ↑ Prager, Mike (March 19, 2017). "New flights boosting travel options at Spokane airport". The Spokesman-Review. Retrieved February 22, 2020.
  14. ↑ Edelen, Amy (August 24, 2019). "Spokane International Airport board considering scaled-down terminal expansion plan". The Spokesman-Review. Retrieved February 22, 2020.
  15. 1 2 3 4 Edelen, Amy (October 20, 2022). "Spokane International Airport breaks ground on first phase of $150 million terminal expansion project". The Spokesman-Review. Retrieved May 17, 2023.
  16. 1 2 Harris, Dylan (March 30, 2023). "Spokane International Airport's TREX project is off to smooth start". Spokane Journal of Business. Retrieved May 17, 2023.
  17. ↑ "Spokane Airport Application for Project Approval for GC/CM and Alternative Subcontractor Selection" (PDF). Washington State Department of Enterprise Services. January 27, 2023. Retrieved May 17, 2023.
  18. ↑ "GEG airport data at skyvector.com". skyvector.com. Retrieved August 26, 2022.
  19. ↑ Front Porch: Fond memories of Ray Daves endure by Cindy Hval in The Spokesman-Review, June 16, 2011
  20. ↑ Radioman: An Eyewitness Account of Pearl Harbor and World War II in the Pacific, a memoir by Ray Daves, as told to Carol Edgemon Hipperson (excerpt)
  21. 1 2 "New Airport Dedication Will Feature Alan Boyd". Cheney Free Press. April 9, 1965. Retrieved August 19, 2017.
  22. ↑ Deshais, Nicholas (July 10, 2016). "Warren Heylman's architectural vision 'all over' Spokane". The Spokesman-Review. Retrieved August 19, 2017.
  23. ↑ "New Terminal for Airport Opens Today". The Spokesman-Review. April 1, 1965. Retrieved August 19, 2017.
  24. ↑ Prager, Mike (July 19, 2017). "Spokane Airport eyeing major improvements". The Spokesman-Review. Retrieved August 19, 2017.
  25. ↑ "Concourse C Addition & Remodel, Spokane International Airport". Bernardo-Wills Architects. Retrieved August 19, 2017.
  26. ↑ Cain, Chad (April 9, 1998). "Airport projects set to take off". Spokane Journal of Business. Retrieved January 15, 2016.
  27. ↑ "Frontier Airlines ending service at Spokane International Airport". Spokesman Review. Retrieved March 30, 2016.
  28. ↑ "View Our Airline Flight Schedules & Flight Times - Alaska Airlines".
  29. ↑ "Allegiant announces new nonstop service from Spokane to Las Vegas". Business Insider. November 17, 2020. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
  30. ↑ "American NS24 Charlotte Domestic Routes Addition". Aeroroutes. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  31. ↑ "Southwest Airlines Extends Flight Schedule With New International Options And Most-Ever Departures". Southwest Airlines (Press release). October 26, 2023. Retrieved October 26, 2023.
  32. ↑ "Sun Country Airlines Adds Seven New Cities For Summer 2022". Simple Flying. October 19, 2021.
  33. ↑ AirPac Airlines
  34. ↑ "RITA - BTS - Transtats". Bureau of Transportation Statistics. Retrieved November 22, 2023.
  35. ↑ "Historic Passenger & Cargo Data" (PDF). Spokane Airport. Retrieved March 6, 2023.
  36. ↑ "Spokane Intl Airport – Passenger Data".
  37. ↑ Historic Passenger & Cargo Data. Retrieved on February 17, 2023.
  38. ↑ Prager, Mike (November 12, 2008). "Car rental a short walk away". The Spokesman-Review. Retrieved January 14, 2016.
  39. ↑ "Geiger Field pilot is killed in jet crash". Spokesman-Review. March 11, 1961. p. 1.
  40. ↑ "Crash kills Geiger pilot". Spokane Daily Chronicle. September 14, 1961. p. 1.
  41. ↑ "Power loss blamed in jet crash". Spokesman-Review. September 15, 1961. p. 1.
  42. 1 2 "4 escape crash". Spokane Daily Chronicle. February 19, 1972. p. 1.
  43. ↑ Burnett, Tom (February 19, 1972). "Crash landing injures 4". Spokesman-Review. p. 1.
  44. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original on December 1, 2010. Retrieved July 12, 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  45. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on July 8, 2011. Retrieved July 12, 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  46. ↑ "N3433Y Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved June 25, 2010.
  47. ↑ "SEA94FA085". National Transportation Safety Board. Retrieved June 28, 2010.
  48. ↑ Harris, Bonnie; Hansen, Dan (March 19, 1994). "Plane burst into flames on impact". Spokesman-Review. p. A6.
  49. ↑ Wiley, John K. (March 19, 1994). "Two killed in crash of cargo plane at Spokane". Lewiston Morning Tribune. Associated Press. p. 6A.
  50. ↑ Harris, Bonnie (March 20, 1994). "Plane hadn't yet turned back to airport". Spokesman-Review. p. B1.
  51. ↑ Accident description for N358SA at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved on February 17, 2023.
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