List of Provincial, Colonial and Federal Heads of Eritrea

(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office.)

List of rulers

List of Ottoman governors of Egypt (1517–1805)

List of monarchs of the Muhammad Ali dynasty (1805–1914)

List of Grand Viziers of Egypt (1857–1878)

Habesh Eyaleti (Ottoman Province of Habesh) / Massawa Province

Wali = Governor

Term Incumbent Notes
MassawaOttoman Province
1687 — 1663 Keki Abdi Pasha, Na’ib of Arkiko, Wali of Massawa Na’ib of Arkiko, Wali of Massawa
1693–1693 Mehmed Pasha
1693–1964 Abaza Mustafa Pasha
1694— 1695 Misirli Mehmed Pasha
1695–1965 Gümrükçü Süleyman Pasha
1793 Ahmad Hasan  Na’ib of Arkiko, Wali of Massawa
1813 to 1826 Idris bin Utman Na’ib of Arkiko, Wali of Massawa
Egyptian occupationEgypt itself nominally within Ottoman Empire
1690 to 1720 Amir bin Ali
1770 to 1773 Hasan Amir
1773 to 1787 Muhammad Amir
1787 to 1800 Uthman Amir
1800 to 1813 Idris bin Uthman
1813 to 1833 Turkci Bilmaz Na’ib of Arkiko
1833 to 1840 Yahya Ahmad
1840 to 1844 Muhammad Yahya Na’ib of Arkiko
1844 to 1845 Hasan Idris Na’ib of Arkiko
1845 to 1846 Muhammad Amir   Na’ib of Arkiko
1846 to 1848 Idris Hasan Na’ib of Arkiko
Ottoman Suzerainty
1848 to 1863 Rustam Agha, Wali of Massawa
Egyptian Province
1866 to 1867 Ismail Haqqi
1867 to 1867 Omar Agha
1867 to 1869 Ibrahim Pasha
1869 to 1869   Muhammad Rasikh Bey                (born c. 1834 – died 1883)
1869 to 1869 Abdallah Halil Efendi
1869 to 1870 Hasan Bey Rifat
1870 to 1870 Abdalkadir
1870 to 1871 Aladdin Pasha Siddiq, Wali of Massawa
1871 to 1871 Ahmad Mumtaz Pasha (at Sawakin)    (born 1825 – died 1874)
1871 to 1871 Hajj Aman
1871 to 1871 Ala al-Din Pasha Siddiq (d. 1883) (1st time)
1871 to 1873 Werner Munzinger, Wali of Massawa, then Governor-General of the Eastern Sudan and the Red Sea Coast until November 1875
1873 to 1874 Johann Albert Werner               (born 1832 – died 1875)
1874 to 1874 Munzinger Pasha
1874 to November 1875 Arakel Bey Abroyan                 (born 1832 – died 1875)
1875 to 1876 Uthman Rifiq Pasha                 (born 1839 – died 1886)
1876 to 1879       Mohammed Ratib Pasha    
1879 to 1882 Khurshid Bey Pertev
December 1882 to 28 June 1882 Giulio Pestalozza, Commandant
1882 to December 1882 Hursid Bey Pertev, Wali of Massawa
1883 to 1884 Muhammad Muhtar Pasha, Wali of Massawa.           (born 1835 – died 1897)
1884 Mason Bey, Wali of Massawa
1884 to 1884 William Nathan Wrighte Hewett      (born 1834 – died 1888) Acting governor of Massawa (made the British Protectorate over this province reality)
1884 to 1885 Izzet Bey, Wali of Massawa
Italian Civil Commissioners of Assab
1885 to 1885 Giuseppe Sapeto (commercial agent) (born 1811 – died 1895)
1885 to 1885 Giovanni Branchi (born 1842 – died 1928)
Italian Suzerainty
1885 to 1885 Marcopoli Bey, Commandant
5 February 1885 to 6 February 1885 Franz Hassen Bey, Commandant
1885 to 1885 Charles Rigolet                    (born c. 1853 – died ....)
February 1885 to 14 November 1885 Tancredi Saletta, Commandant
5 December 1885 to 22 April 1887 Vittorio Dabormida, Superior Commandant
22 April 1887 to 10 November 1887 Tancredi Saletta 2nd Term
November 1887 to 1888 Alessandro Asinari di San Marzano
Assab Protectorate
1888 to 1888 Carlo De Amezaga (born 1835 – died 1899)
1888 to 1888 Giovanni Galeazzo Frigerio Giovanni Galeazzo Frigerio (born 1841 – died 1921)
1888 to 20 December 1889 Antonio Baldissera
20 December 1889 to 20 December 1889 Giulio Pestalozza                  (born 1850 – died 1930)
20 December 1889 to 1 January 1890 Baldassarre Orero, Commandan

Eritrea


Before the official creation of Italian Eritrea (Colonia Eritrea) in 1890, the territory had seven interim governors: Giovanni Branchi (1882 to 1885), Alessandro Caimi (1885), Tancredi Saletta (1885), Matteo Albertone (1886 to 1887), Tancredi Saletta (1887), Alessandro Di San Marzano (1888) and Antonio Baldissera (1889).

Complete list of Italian Governors of Eritrea:

Tenure[1] Portrait Incumbent Notes
Commandants of Massawa
1885 to 1885 Pietro Caimi (born 1830 – died 1886)
1885 to 1886 Tancredi Saletta (1st time) (born 1843 – died 1909)
1886 to 1886 Carlo Gené (superior commandant) (born 1836 – died 1890)
1886 to 1887 Antonio Baldissera (born 1838 – died 1917)
1887 to 1890 Alessandro Asinari di San Marzano  (born 1830 – died 1906)
Italian Eritrea Colony
1 January 1890 to 30 June 1890 Baldassarre Orero, Commandant
30 June 1890 to 28 February 1892 Antonio Gandolfi, Commandant
28 February 1892 to 22 February 1896 Oreste Baratieri, Commandant Commander of the Royal Italian Army in the Battle of Adwa
22 February 1896 to 16 December 1897 Antonio Baldissera, Governor
16 December 1897 to 25 March 1907 Ferdinando Martini, Governor
25 March 1907 to 17 August 1915 Giuseppe Salvago Raggi, Governor
17 August 1915 to 16 September 1916 Giovanni Cerrina Feroni, acting Governor 1st term
16 September 1916 to 20 July 1919 Giacomo De Martino, Governor
20 July 1919 to 20 November 1920 Camillo de Camillis, Governor
20 November 1920 to 14 April 1921 Ludovico Pollera, Governor
14 April 1921 to 1 June 1923 Giovanni Cerrina Feroni, Governor 2nd term
1 June 1923 to 1 June 1928 Jacopo Gasparini, Governor
1 June 1928 to 11 July 1930 Corrado Zoli, Governor
11 July 1930 to 15 January 1935 Riccardo Astuto dei Duchi di Lucchesi, Governor
15 January 1935 to 18 January 1935 Ottone Gabelli, acting Governor
18 January 1935 to 22 November 1935 Emilio De Bono, Governor
22 November 1935 to 22 May 1936 Pietro Badoglio, Governor
Eritrea Governorate
Part of Italian East Africa
1 June 1936 to 1 April 1937 Alfredo Guzzoni, Governor
1 April 1937 to 15 December 1937 Vincenzo De Feo, Governo
15 December 1937 to 2 June 1940 Giuseppe Daodice, Governor
2 June 1940 to 19 May 1941 Luigi Frusci,

From 1936, the colony of Eritrea was increased in size and called Eritrea Governorate, as part of Africa Orientale Italiana (AOI). The Italian governors were under direct orders of the Viceroy (representing the now-King and Emperor Vittorio Emanuele)

List of Chief Executives of Eritrea (1941–1960)

Term Incumbent Notes
British Administration
5 February 1941 to 4 May 1942 Sir William Platt, Administrator Brian Kennedy-Cooke British Deputy Chief Political Officer for Eritrea 1941–1942
4 May 1942 to 9 November 1944 Stephen Hemsley Longrigg, Administrator
9 November 1944 to 14 August 1945 C.D. McCarthy, Administrator
14 August 1945 to 1 November 1946 John Meredith Benoy, Administrator
1 November 1946 to 19 February 1951 Francis Greville Drew, Administrator
UN High Commissioner in Eritrea
19 February 1951 to 15 September 1952 Eduardo Anze Matienzo (born 1902 – died 1979) Non-party United Nations Transitional Administration in Eritrea
Chief Administrator
19 February 1951 to 15 September 1952 Duncan Camerone Cumming, Chief Administrator
15 September 1952 to 29 July 1955 Tedla Bairu, Chief Executive
8 August 1955 to December 1959 Asfaha Woldemikael, Chief Executive
December 1959 to 20 May 1960 20 May 1960 to 14 November 1962 Abiye Abebe, Chief Executive, Administrator

Eritrea Governor-General

Term Incumbent
Eritrea Ethiopian Province
14 November 1962 to 1964 Abiye Abebe, Governor-General
1964 to December 1970 Ras Asrate Medhin Kassa Governor-General
December 1970 to August 1974 Iskinder Desta Governor-General
August 1974 to 29 May 1975 Amanuel Amde Mikael, Governor-General
17 Feb 1975 – Jun 1977 Getachew Nadew                     (d. 1977)         Governor-General
1979 to 1983 Dawit Wolde Giorgis, 14 NovemberGovernor-General
August 1989 to 18 May 1991 Afework Wolemikael, Governor-General
August 1989 to 29 May 1991 Tesfaye Gebre Kidan, 14 NovemberGovernor-General


See also

References

  1. ↑ Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office

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