Hölloch
Map showing the location of Hölloch
Map showing the location of Hölloch
Hölloch
Location in Switzerland
LocationCanton of Schwyz, Switzerland
Coordinates46°58′35.9″N 8°47′18.2″E / 46.976639°N 8.788389°E / 46.976639; 8.788389
Depth1,033 m (3,389 ft)[1]
Length210.752 km (130.955 mi)[1]
Discovery1875
GeologyLimestone
Show cave opened1906
Cavers in the Hölloch

The Hölloch (English: Hellhole)[2] is a 200.4 km (124.5 mi) long cave in the municipality Muotathal in Switzerland. In addition to being the second longest cave in Europe, it is also notable for having a depth of 1,033 m (3,389 ft).[1] The Hölloch is an example of a karst cave system.[3]

Exploration

The cave was first scientifically explored in 1875 by a group led by Alois Ulrich.[2] Later expeditions in the 1950s by Alfred Bögli, one of the pioneers of speleology, managed to explore a large part of the cave.[2]

The explored length of the cave increased from 25 km (16 mi) in 1952 to 100 km (62 mi) by 1968. It was the first cave in the world where the explored length reached 100 km, and until the linkage of the Flint Ridge Cave System to the Mammoth Cave System in 1972, it was believed to be the largest cave system in the world.[2]

Despite this, exploration of the Hölloch continued, and in 1976 it had been mapped to approximately 130 km (81 mi) long.[2]

Tourism

A portion of the cave near the entrance is open to visitors, but the remainder is restricted to qualified cavers owing to its enormous size.[2]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 Arbeitsgemeinschaft Höllochforschung AGH. "Offizielle Vermessungs-Werte AGH". hoellochforschung.ch (in German). Retrieved 2023-10-16.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Scheffel, Richard L.; Wernet, Susan J., eds. (1980). Natural Wonders of the World. United States of America: Reader's Digest Association, Inc. p. 183. ISBN 0-89577-087-3.
  3. ↑ Ford, D.C.; Ewers, R.O. (1978-06-19). "The development of limestone cave systems in the dimensions of length and depth". Department of Geography, McMaster University, Hamilton, Onf., Canada L8S 4KI. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 15 (11): 1783–1798. Bibcode:1978CaJES..15.1783F. doi:10.1139/e78-186.
  • Courbon, Paul; Peter Bosted; Claude Chabert; Karen Lindsley (1989). Atlas of the Great Caves of the World. St. Louis, Missouri: Cave Books.
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  • Groupe de travail Höllochforschung AGH


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