Hadrosauroids
Temporal range: Early-Late Cretaceous,
Probactrosaurus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Dinosauria
Clade: Ornithischia
Clade: Ornithopoda
Clade: Hadrosauriformes
Superfamily: Hadrosauroidea
Cope, 1869
Type species
Hadrosaurus foulkii
Leidy, 1858
Subgroups
Synonyms

Hadrosauroidea is a clade or superfamily of ornithischian dinosaurs that includes the "duck-billed" dinosaurs, or hadrosauridae, and all dinosaurs more closely related to them than to Iguanodon. Their remains have been recovered in Asia, Europe, Africa and the Americas. Many primitive hadrosauroids, such as the Asian Probactrosaurus and Altirhinus, have traditionally been included in a paraphyletic (unnatural grouping) "Iguanodontidae". With cladistic analysis, the traditional Iguanodontidae has been largely disbanded, and probably includes only Iguanodon and perhaps its closest relatives.

Classification

The cladogram below follows an analysis by Andrew McDonald, 2012, and shows the position of Hadrosauroidea within Styracosterna.[1]

Styracosterna

Uteodon aphanoecetes

Hippodraco scutodens

Theiophytalia kerri

Iguanacolossus fortis

Lanzhousaurus magnidens

Kukufeldia tilgatensis

Barilium dawsoni

Hadrosauriformes

Iguanodon bernissartensis

Hadrosauroidea

Mantellisaurus atherfieldensis

Other hadrosauroids

The cladogram below follows an analysis by Wu Wenhao and Pascal Godefroit (2012).[2]

Hadrosauriformes 
 Iguanodontidae 

Iguanodon

Ouranosaurus

Mantellisaurus

 Hadrosauroidea 

Bolong

Equijubus

Jinzhousaurus

Altirhinus

Batyrosaurus

Probactrosaurus

Eolambia

Protohadros

Bactrosaurus

Levnesovia

Shuangmiaosaurus

Tethyshadros

Telmatosaurus

Hadrosauridae

Cladogram after Prieto-Marquez and Norell (2010).[3]

Hadrosauroidea 

Jinzhousaurus

Penelopognathus

Equijubus

Probactrosaurus

Eolambia

Protohadros

Tanius

Bactrosaurus

Gilmoreosaurus

Telmatosaurus

Shuangmiaosaurus

Nanyangosaurus

Lophorhothon

Hadrosauridae

A phylogenetic analysis performed by Ramírez-Velasco et al. (2012) found a large polytomy between all hadrosauroids that are more derived than Probactrosaurus but less derived than Hadrosauridae. The exclusion of Claosaurus, Jeyawati, Levnesovia, Nanyangosaurus, Shuangmiaosaurus and Telmatosaurus from the analysis resulted in a more resolved topology.[4]

Hadrosauroidea 

Jinzhousaurus yangi

Fukuisaurus tetoriensis

Penelopognathus weishampeli

Equijubus normani

Probactrosaurus gobiensis

Eolambia caroljonesa

Protohadros byrdi

Tanius sinensis

Bactrosaurus johnsoni

Glishades ericksoni

Gilmoreosaurus mongoliensis

Huehuecanauhtlus tiquichensis

Jintasaurus meniscus

Tethyshadros insularis

Hadrosauridae

See also

References

  1. McDonald, A. T. (2012). Farke, Andrew A (ed.). "Phylogeny of Basal Iguanodonts (Dinosauria: Ornithischia): An Update". PLOS ONE. 7 (5): e36745. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0036745. PMC 3358318. PMID 22629328.
  2. Wu Wenhao; Pascal Godefroit (2012). "Anatomy and Relationships of Bolong yixianensis, an Early Cretaceous Iguanodontoid Dinosaur from Western Liaoning, China". In Godefroit, P. (ed.). Bernissart Dinosaurs and Early Cretaceous Terrestrial Ecosystems. Indiana University Press. pp. 293–333.
  3. Albert Prieto-Marquez & Mark A. Norell (2010). "Anatomy and Relationships of Gilmoreosaurus mongoliensis (Dinosauria: Hadrosauroidea) from the Late Cretaceous of Central Asia" (PDF). American Museum Novitates (3694): 1–52. doi:10.1206/3694.2. ISSN 0003-0082. S2CID 56372891.
  4. Angel Alejandro Ramírez-Velasco; Mouloud Benammi; Albert Prieto-Márquez; Jesús Alvarado Ortega; René Hernández-Rivera (2012). "Huehuecanauhtlus tiquichensis, a new hadrosauroid dinosaur (Ornithischia: Ornithopoda) from the Santonian (Late Cretaceous) of Michoacán, Mexico". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 49 (2): 379–395. doi:10.1139/e11-062.
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