House of Assembly of Eswatini
Coat of arms or logo
Type
Type
History
Founded1967
Leadership
Jabulani Mabuza[1]
since 6 October 2023
Structure
Seats76, currently 70
Political groups
  Independents (59)
  Nominated (10)
  Attorney general (1)
Meeting place
Lobamba
Website
web.archive.org/web/20220615225736/https://www.parliament.gov.sz/
Parliament buildings in Lobamba

The House of Assembly of Eswatini is the lower chamber of the country's bicameral Parliament.[2] The Assembly may debate and pass bills,[3] although as the country is an absolute monarchy, the role of the legislature is mostly advisory.

History

The House of Assembly was established in 1967 when the Legislative Council was disbanded and bicameral legislature was established in the new constitution.[4]

Constitution

A maximum of 76 members are permitted by section 95 (1) of the Constitution.[3] There are currently 66. Fifty-five members are elected from single-member constituencies corresponding to the tinkhundlas (tribal communities).[3] Fourteen tinkhundlas are in Hhohho District, 11 in Lubombo District, 16 in Manzini District, and 14 in Shiselweni District. The King appoints the other ten members,[3] at least half of whom must be women.[5] The 66th member is the Speaker of the House, who is elected from outside the House.[3] If the percentage of women members falls below 30%, a maximum of four women may be elected from the administrative regions.[2]

Each member must be a citizen of Eswatini, at least 18 years old, a registered voter, and have "paid all taxes or made arrangements satisfactory to the Commissioner of Taxes".[5]

The House selects ten of the 30 members of the upper chamber, the Senate of Eswatini, the King appointing the rest.[6]

Elections

Candidates are first nominated at the tinkhundla level and chosen by secret ballot by the traditional chiefs. The top three finishers then proceed to a general election, also by secret ballot, in a first-past-the-post system of voting, where the candidate who receives the most votes from the population in each constituency is elected.[5][6] All candidates run on a non-partisan basis, as political parties are banned in the country, and serve five-year terms.[2]

Observer teams from the Commonwealth of Nations were present at the 2003, 2008 and 2013 elections.[7] The most recent election took place in September 2018.[7]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Dlamini, Bongiwe (6 October 2023). "Pigg's Peak MP Jabulani 'Buy Cash' Mabuza is new Speaker in the House of Assembly". Swaziland News. Retrieved 13 October 2023.
  2. 1 2 3 "The Parliament of Swaziland". Commonwealth Parliamentary Association. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2016-11-01.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 "Legislature". Government of Swaziland.
  4. ↑ "eSwatini profile". BBC News. 3 September 2018.
  5. 1 2 3 "Swaziland's Constitution of 2005" (PDF). constitueproject.org.
  6. 1 2 "Swaziland: Constitution and politics". Commonwealth of Nations.
  7. 1 2 "Swaziland National Elections / 20 September 2013 / Report of the Commonwealth Observer Mission" (PDF). Commonwealth of Nations. 25 September 2013.
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