Central Tagbanwa
Native toPhilippines
RegionPalawan
EthnicityTagbanwa people
Native speakers
(2,000 cited 1985)[1]
Tagbanwa script
Language codes
ISO 639-3tgt
Glottologcent2090
ELPCentral Tagbanwa

Central Tagbanwa is spoken on Palawan Island in the Philippines. It is not mutually intelligible with the other languages of the Tagbanwa people.

Phonology

Consonants

Central Tagbanwa consonants[2]
Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Plosive voiceless p t k ʔ
voiced b d ɡ
Fricative β s h
Nasal m n ŋ
Lateral l
Rhotic ɾ
Approximant w j
  • /t/ preceding a high front vowel /i/ is usually realized as an affricate sound [tʃ].[3]
  • /k, ŋ/ tend to shift to uvular sounds [q, ɴ] when adjacent to /a/.[4]

Vowels

Central Tagbanwa vowels[2]
Front Central Back
Close i ɨ u
Open a
  • /ɨ/ is usually a high central vowel sound, although it is occasionally moved further back to [ɯ], or lowered to [ə].[5]
  • An [o] sound is often heard when two back vowels are adjacent to one another, or as an allophone of /u/.[5]

Grammar

Pronouns

The following set of pronouns are the personal pronouns found in the Central Tagbanwa language. Note: some forms are divided between full and short forms.

Central Tagbanwa personal pronouns[6][7]
Direct/Nominative Indirect/Genitive Oblique
1st person singular ako ko kakɨn (kɨn)
2nd person singular kawa (ka) mo kanimo (nimo)
3rd person singular kanya niya (ya) kanya
1st person plural inclusive kita ta katɨn
1st person plural exclusive kami kamɨn kamɨn
2nd person plural kamo mi kanimi
3rd person plural tila nila kanila

The demonstratives are as follows.

Central Tagbanwa demonstratives[8]
  Direct/Nominative Indirect/Genitive Oblique
near speaker lito kalito kaito, kito
near adressee layan kalayan
far away liti kaliti atan, doon

Notes

  1. ↑ Central Tagbanwa at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. 1 2 Scebold (2003), pp. 29
  3. ↑ Scebold (2003)
  4. ↑ Scebold (2003), pp. 30
  5. 1 2 Scebold (2003), pp. 33
  6. ↑ Scebold (2003), pp. 45–46
  7. ↑ Quakenbush, J. Stephen; Ruch, Edward (2006). Pronoun Ordering and Marking in Kalamianic (PDF). Paper presented at the Tenth International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics, 17–20 January 2006, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan, Philippine. Retrieved 23 May 2020.
  8. ↑ Scebold (2003), pp. 46–48

References


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