John Paul Harney
Member of Parliament
for Scarborough West
In office
1972–1974
Preceded byDavid Weatherhead
Succeeded byAlan Martin
Personal details
Born
John Paul Ludger Harney

(1931-02-02)February 2, 1931
Quebec City, Quebec, Canada[1]
DiedOctober 4, 2021(2021-10-04) (aged 90)
Picton, Ontario, Canada
Political partyNew Democrat
Parent(s)William Harney, Blanche Lemieux[1]
ResidencePrince Edward County, Ontario
Alma materQueen's University
ProfessionPoet, Politician, Professor,

John Paul Ludger Harney, also known as Jean-Paul Harney, (February 2, 1931 – October 4, 2021) was a Canadian professor and former politician.

Academic life

After completing his M.A. at Queen's University in 1961, he became an assistant professor of English at the Ontario Agricultural College in Guelph, Ontario, and taught there until 1966.[2] He was also a poet, and gave readings at the Guelph Public Library.[3] In 1970, he became a humanities professor at York University,[4] and a professor of Canadian studies until 1998.[5]

Political career

Harney ran as a candidate for the New Democratic Party throughout the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s.

From 1962 to 1965, he stood as a candidate for the House of Commons of Canada in Wellington South.[lower-alpha 1] After moving to Toronto, he then stood once more as a candidate in Scarborough West in the 1968 federal election. He won a seat in the House of Commons in the 1972 federal election, but was defeated in 1974. He continued to campaign in subsequent elections there up to 1980. In addition, he sought the NDP nomination in the 1978 federal byelection for Broadview, but lost out to Bob Rae.[7]

He was the Provincial Secretary for the Ontario New Democratic Party from 1966 to 1970. In that time, he was also the campaign manager for that party's breakthrough campaign in the 1967 general election.[8]

He campaigned to become national leader at the NDP's 1971 leadership convention, coming in third behind winner David Lewis and runner-up James Laxer. He stood as a candidate again at the 1975 leadership convention,[9] where he got as far as the second ballot, coming in fourth. In 1981, he became involved in party debates concerning the forthcoming adoption of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, arguing that it was silent about labour rights to organize, strike and bargain.[10]

Born in Quebec and fluently bilingual, Harney returned to the province and became leader of the Quebec wing of the federal NDP in 1984. He continued to teach at York University, while living in Sillery.[1] He led the relaunching of the New Democratic Party of Quebec as a provincial party in 1985[11] but was unable to win a seat either in the federal House of Commons (running in Lévis in two elections) or in the Quebec National Assembly (running in Louis-Hébert).[12] During this time, he francized his name to "Jean-Paul".[13][14]

Late in the 1988 federal election campaign, he called a press conference to support using the notwithstanding clause of the Canadian Constitution to protect Quebec's francophone culture and restrict the use of other languages.[15] This press conference was not endorsed by the NDP leadership, and many believe that it cost the party support among Quebec's anglophones.[16] He stepped down later that year. Although he favoured the Bloc Québécois position on Quebec sovereignty, he refused to consider becoming one of its candidates as long as it pursued independence from Canada.[5]

Harney later retired to Prince Edward County, Ontario, and was involved in promoting local causes.[17] He died in Picton, Ontario on October 4, 2021.[18][19]

Electoral record

Federal

Wellington South

1962 Canadian federal election: Wellington South
Party Candidate Votes%±%
Progressive ConservativeAlfred Hales11,34542.0-17.4
LiberalRoy McVittie8,50831.5-0.6
New DemocraticJohn Paul Harney6,98925.917.4
Social CreditReginald Youd1740.60.6
Total valid votes 27,016100.0
1963 Canadian federal election: Wellington South
Party Candidate Votes%±%
Progressive ConservativeAlfred Hales11,35039.7-2.3
LiberalRalph Dent10,71337.56.0
New DemocraticJohn Paul Harney6,39122.3-3.6
Social CreditReginald Youd1500.5-0.1
Total valid votes 28,604100.0
1965 Canadian federal election: Wellington South
Party Candidate Votes%±%
Progressive ConservativeAlfred Hales11,26438.8-0.9
New DemocraticJohn Paul Harney9,19031.67.3
LiberalDonald E. McFadzen8,59529.6-7.9
Total valid votes 29,049100.0

Scarborough West

1968 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes%±%
LiberalDavid WEATHERHEAD14,88942.9
New DemocraticJohn Paul HARNEY12,47335.9
Progressive ConservativeHerb CROSBY7,34021.2
Total valid votes 34,702100.00
1972 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes%±%
New DemocraticJohn Paul HARNEY15,02836.4+0.5
LiberalDavid WEATHERHEAD13,63533.0-9.9
Progressive ConservativeBasil CLARK12,53930.4+9.2
IndependentRoger TENTREY1030.2+0.2
Total valid votes 41,305100.00
1974 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes%±%
LiberalAlan MARTIN13,70236.6+3.6
New DemocraticJohn Paul HARNEY12,29832.8-3.6
Progressive ConservativeBasil CLARK11,33930.2-0.2
Marxist–LeninistLinda TURNBULL890.2+0.2
IndependentHarold ROWBOTTOM610.20.0
Total valid votes 37,489100.00
1979 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes%±%
Progressive ConservativeBill WIGHTMAN15,69736.4+6.2
LiberalAlan MARTIN13,52331.4-5.2
New DemocraticJohn Paul HARNEY13,43731.2-1.6
LibertarianD'Arcy J. CAIN2570.6+0.6
CommunistTom BULL1140.3+0.3
Marxist–LeninistBrenda MILLER560.1-0.1
Total valid votes 43,084100.00
1980 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes%±%
LiberalDavid WEATHERHEAD14,31635.1+3.7
New DemocraticJohn Paul HARNEY13,14632.2+1.0
Progressive ConservativeBill WIGHTMAN12,74431.3-5.1
LibertarianD'Arcy J. CAIN4011.0+0.4
CommunistJohn MACLENNAN920.2-0.1
Marxist–LeninistBrenda MILLER660.2+0.1
Total valid votes 40,765100.00

Lévis

1984 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes%±%
Progressive ConservativeGabriel Fontaine32,33849.6
LiberalGaston Gourde17,28326.4
New DemocraticJean-Paul Harney12,07618.5
Parti nationalisteAntoine Dubé1,6492.5
RhinocerosRaymond Emiliano Marquis1,6302.5
Social CreditJean-Paul Rhéaume2160.3
Total valid votes 65,192100.0
1988 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes%±%
Progressive ConservativeGabriel Fontaine33,67357.47.8
LiberalDenis Sonier13,00222.2-4.2
New DemocraticJean-Paul Harney11,50119.61.1
Social CreditJean-Paul Rhéaume4450.80.5
Total valid votes 58,621100.0

Québec

Louis-Hébert

1985 Quebec general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Réjean Doyon 16,913 51.9 -0.9
Parti QuébécoisLouise Beaudoin12,27937.7-6.4
New Democratic Jean-Paul Harney 2,798 8.6 +8.6
Progressive Conservative Claudette J. Hethrington 287 0.9 +0.9
Independent Emmanuel Le Brasseur 252 0.8 +0.8
  Christian Socialist Michel Durocher 58 0.2 +0.2

Notes

  1. Since 1898, it had been the policy of the provincial government that no civil servant, under any condition, could ever be involved in politics. As the Ontario Agricultural College was then a branch of the Ontario Department of Agriculture, Harney was subject to the policy. The ensuing controversy in 1962 was resolved when Premier John Robarts announced that civil servants would be entitled to take a leave of absence in order to campaign.[6]

References

  1. 1 2 3 Graham Fraser (17 January 1987). "Harney-watchers in NDP see two different people". The Globe and Mail.
  2. "Four chase Lewis for the NDP leadership". The Globe and Mail. 17 April 1971. p. 7.
  3. Joan Finnigan (20 January 1962). "Canadian poetry finds its voice in a Golden Age". The Globe and Mail.
  4. Canadian Press (3 June 1985). "Quebec's fledgling NDP picks Harney to lead way". The Globe and Mail.
  5. 1 2 Yves Boisvert (22 June 1992). "Le Bloc québécois: une coalition plutôt hétéroclite" (PDF). La Presse (in French). p. 12.
  6. Donald C. MacDonald (13 May 1982). "PUBLIC SERVANTS POLITICAL RIGHTS ACT". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). Ontario: Legislative Assembly of Ontario.
  7. Rae, Bob (1996). From Protest to Power: Personal Reflections on a Life in Politics. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart. p. 70. ISBN 0-7710-7287-2.
  8. Jack Cahill (17 January 1967). "The gray flannel "brains trust" that runs Ontario's NDP". Toronto Daily Star. pp. 1, 14.
  9. Peter Daniel (27 June 1975). "Ed Broadbent: Race for the leadership". CBC News.
  10. Aivalis, Christo (2018). The Constant Liberal: Pierre Trudeau, Organized Labour, and the Canadian Social Democratic Left. Vancouver: UBC Press. p. 166. ISBN 978-0-7748-3713-2.
  11. Fraser, Graham, "Toronto university professor runs as Quebec NDP chief," Globe and Mail, September 3, 1984
  12. "General election results , 2 December 1985".
  13. "Canadian politicians leave hundreds of dollars in long-forgotten accounts". thestar.com. 30 September 2011. Retrieved 23 June 2021.
  14. ROSE, MICHAEL. "A present for the NDP | Maclean's | DECEMBER 29, 1986". Maclean's | The Complete Archive. Retrieved 23 June 2021.
  15. Jennifer Robinson, "NDP would restrict English rights; 'West Island' no longer running party, vice-president declares," Montreal Gazette, 5 November 1988, A1.
  16. Ingrid Peritz, "Language hard-liners hurt NDP in west end," Montreal Gazette, 23 November 1988, A10.
  17. "Minutes: Corporation of the County of Prince Edward". County of Prince Edward. 28 June 2004. p. 3.
  18. "John HARNEY Obituary (1931 - 2021) - Toronto, ON - the Globe and Mail".
  19. "HARNEY, John Paul Ludger". The Picton Gazette. 12 October 2021.

Bibliography

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