Judenhügel Kleinbardorf
Jewish cemetery Kleinbardorf
Details
Established1574
Location
Kleinbardorf, Bavaria
CountryGermany
Coordinates50°16′22″N 10°24′42″E / 50.27278°N 10.41167°E / 50.27278; 10.41167
TypeJewish (closed)
Owned byGerman government
Size21,050 square metres (5.20 acres)
No. of graves20,000

The Jewish cemetery of Kleinbardorf began operations in 1574 on the so-called Steilen or Wartberg southeast of Kleinbardorf, in northern Bavaria. The area is now known only as Judenhügel (Jewish hills).

The cemetery is located within an early Middle Ages ring wall approximately 1.5 Kilometers long.[1]

The grounds has a total area of 21,050 square meters.[2] In 1987 there were approximately 4400 gravestones and in 1933 there were approximately 20,000 gravestones. The cemetery is the second largest Jewish cemetery in Bavaria, the largest being Munich.[3]

History

The family history of the Bibra family records 1574 as the beginning of the cemetery under George Christof von Bibra and the fees are spelled out.[4]

In 1696/97 Jospe Neustatt[3] paid for the construction of a Tahara House (mortuary) with a stone roof and a stone ritual purification table. In 1964 it was renovated by the citizens of Kleinbardorf.[2]

In 1769, the Jewish community purchased the cemetery and expanded it and by a further land acquisition in 1843 it reached its present size.[4]

The cemetery was desecrated in 1925, between 1933 and 1945, in 1957 and again in 1977. The cemetery was renovated. In 1988 the German Government awarded Mr. Hermann the 'Order of Merit' decoration for his maintenance of the cemetery.[5] Besides serving Kleinbardorf, it also served 27 neighbouring Jewish communities as a burial ground, including those from Bastheim, Eichenhausen, Höchheim, Kleineibstadt, Königshofen, Poppenlauer, Rödelmaier, Trappstadt, Unsleben, Massbach and Oberlauringen.[6] The burial register from 1759 to 1938 is still in existence today, as are chronicles of burials between 1800 and 1938.[6]

Jewish Population in the Old County of Königshofen according to Naturpark Haßberge sign crediting Reinhold Albert
1810 1813 1830 1839 1848 1871 1880 1890 1900 1910 1925 1933 1935 1937 1939 1940
Aub 1
Aubstadt 4
Obereßfeld 1
Rothausen 4
Saal an der Saale 1 1
Höchheim 100 120 99 111 124 99 82 78 55 47 25 26 26
Kleinbardorf 85 76 77 83 87 75 60 58 54 35 11 11 8
Kleineibstadt 75 104 97 101 93 100 114 105 72 50 26 7 12
Königshofen 22 24 21 25 38 64 68 81 89 101 108 94 81
Sulzdorf a.d.L. 147 151 134 121 103 67 53 38 32 12
Trappstadt 22 53 70 69 60 56 56 60 38 26 15 10 9
Waltershausen 38 34 39 54 46 14 8 3
Overall 467 562 537 564 551 475 441 429 340 272 190 148 136 112 76 44

Women’s graves

Right of the southwest entrance is a section for women who died in childbirth.[5]

Memorial

In the cemetery there is a Memorial for Jewish fallen of the World War I.

References

  1. ↑ Rhönlexikon Archived 2015-03-23 at the Wayback Machine
  2. 1 2 Informationstafel am Jüdischen Friedhof Kleinbardorf
  3. 1 2 Haus der Bayerischen Geschichte
  4. 1 2 www.synagogenprojekte.de Archived 2007-10-22 at the Wayback Machine
  5. 1 2 www.alemannia-judaica.de
  6. 1 2 "International Jewish Cemetery Project". Archived from the original on 2013-07-31. Retrieved 2010-01-24.
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Literature

  • WILHELM FRHR. VON BIBRA, Beiträge zur Familien Geschichte der Reichsfreiherrn von Bibra, Zweiter Band (vol. 2), 1882; page 394 Footnote 2 Digitized copy Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Düsseldorf
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