| Jiwarli | |
|---|---|
| Region | Western Australia |
| Ethnicity | Jiwarli |
| Extinct | April 1986 with the death of Jack Butler. |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | dze |
| Glottolog | djiw1241 |
| AIATSIS[1] | W28 |
| ELP | Jiwarli |
Jiwarli (also spelt Djiwarli, Tjiwarli) is an Australian Aboriginal language formerly spoken in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. It is a variety of the Mantharta language of the large Pama–Nyungan family.
The last native speaker of Jiwarli, Jack Butler, died in April 1986. Prof Peter K. Austin (Linguistics Department, SOAS) collected all the available material on Jiwarli during fieldwork with Jack Butler 1978–1985. He has published a volume of texts on the language and a bilingual dictionary (Jiwarli-English with English-Jiwarli finderlist); both are currently out of print.
Phonology
Vowels
| Front | Back | |
|---|---|---|
| High | i, iː | u, uː |
| Low | a, aː | |
Consonants
| Peripheral | Laminal | Apical | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bilabial | Velar | Palatal | Dental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | |
| Stop | p | k | c | t̪ | t | ʈ |
| Nasal | m | ŋ | ɲ | n̪ | n | ɳ |
| Lateral | ʎ | l̪ | l | ɭ | ||
| Rhotic | r | ɻ | ||||
| Semivowel | w | j | ||||
Phonotactics
Word-initially, only non-apical stops, nasals and glides are allowed; that is, words may only begin with one of {/p k j th m ng nh w y/}. Words may not begin with vowels.
All words end in vowels. Roots may end on a consonant, however -pa is added to all roots ending in l rl rr and -ma is added to all roots ending in a nasal that would violate the vowel-final word constraint.
References
- ↑ W28 Jiwarli at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
External links
- Information on the Jiwarli language and culture
- Thieberger, Nicholas. "4.4.2 Jiwarli". Handbook of WA Aboriginal Languages South of the Kimberley Region (PDF). Pacific Linguistics. p. 106–108. Series C - 124.