Kowloon West
Former Geographical constituency for the Legislative Council of Hong Kong
Boundary of Kowloon Westin Hong Kong
District	Yau Tsim Mong District Sham Shui Po District Kowloon City District
Region	Kowloon
Population	1,205,300 (2020)[1]
Electorate	602,733 (2020)[2]
Former constituency
Created	1998
Abolished	2021
Number of members	Three (1998–2000) Four (2000–2008) Five (2008–2016) Six (2016–2021)
Created from	Kowloon South-west, Kowloon West (1995), Kowloon South, Kowloon Central (1995)
Replaced by	Kowloon Central (2021), Kowloon West (2021)

The Kowloon West geographical constituency was one of the five geographical constituencies of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong from 1998 to 2021. It was established in 1998 for the first SAR Legislative Council election and was abolished under the 2021 overhaul of the Hong Kong electoral system. In the 2016 Legislative Council election, it elected six members of the Legislative Council using the Hare quota of party-list proportional representation. It had 602,733 registered electorates in 2020. The constituency corresponded to the districts of Yau Tsim Mong, Sham Shui Po, and Kowloon City.

History

The single-constituency single-vote system was replaced by the party-list proportional representation system for the first SAR Legislative Council election designed by Beijing to reward the weaker pro-Beijing candidates and dilute the electoral strength of the majority pro-democrats.^[3] Three seats were allocated to Kowloon consisting the districts of Yau Tsim Mong, Sham Shui Po and Kowloon City in 1998. The Democratic Party won more than 55 per cent of the vote with Lau Chin-shek and James To elected. The remaining seat was won by pro-Beijing Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong (DAB) chairman Jasper Tsang. Frederick Fung of the Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood (ADPL) however was defeated over his decision to join the Beijing-controlled Provisional Legislative Council in 1996.

In the 2000 Legislative Council election, an extra seat was added to the constituency which was taken by Frederick Fung. In the 2004 election, Lau Chin-shek who quit the Democratic Party ran as a nonpartisan, while Jasper Tsang's DAB ticket rose to the top with more than 27 per cent. The seats of the Kowloon West was increased to five seats due to the reapportionment, which attracted Civic Party and the Liberal Party among others contesting for the new seat. As Lau Chin-shek ran a low-profile campaign, Wong Yuk-man of the League of Social Democrats (LSD) and pro-Beijing independent Priscilla Leung emerged victorious, while Starry Lee succeeding Jasper Tsang instead who ran in Hong Kong Island.

In 2010, the LSD launched the "Five Constituencies Referendum" with the Civic Party to pressure the government on the 2012 constitutional reform package. Wong Yuk-man resigned in Kowloon West to trigger a by-election in which he was re-elected with a low turnout due to the government and pro-Beijing boycott.^[4] In the 2012 Legislative Council election, James To and Frederick Fung switched to the newly created District Council (Second) "super seat", while Helena Wong successfully succeeding To, Tam Kwok-kiu failed to gain a seat for the ADPL and was replaced by Claudia Mo of the Civic Party.

The rise of the localist camp in the 2016 Legislative Council election was reflected in Kowloon West, where university lecturer Lau Siu-lai and activist Yau Wai-ching each gained a seat when the constituency was added an extra seat due to the reapportionment. In return, Wong Yuk-man who now represented the Proletariat Political Institute (PPI) was ousted unexpectedly by Yau Wai-ching with a narrow margin of 424 votes, 0.15 per cent of the vote share. The pro-Beijing camp took a conservative strategy by fielding only two tickets led by Ann Chiang of the DAB and Priscilla Leung of the Business and Professionals Alliance for Hong Kong (BPA), making it the constituency electing all women.

Yau was soon disqualified from the office due to her oath-taking controversy, followed by Lau Siu-lai who was also disqualified for her oath-taking manner. Two by-elections were held in March and November 2018 where pro-Beijing candidates Vincent Cheng of the DAB and independent Chan Hoi-yan surprisingly both beat the pro-democracy candidates, first times pro-Beijing camp won a majority in a direct election in more than 20 years.^[5][6] Chan, however, was unseated in 2020, as the court viewed Lau Siu-lai's disqualification from running in the November 2018 by-election was unlawful.^[7]

Returned members

Below are all the members since the creation of the Kowloon West constituency. The number of seats allocated to Kowloon West was increased from three to six between 1998 and 2016 due to its enlargement. Councillors representing this area include:

Election results

The largest remainder method (with Hare quota) of the proportional representative electoral system was introduced in 1998, replacing the single-member constituencies of the 1995 election. Elected candidates are shown in bold. Brackets indicate the quota + remainder.

2010s

November 2018 Kowloon West by-election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Nonpartisan	Chan Hoi-yan	106,457	49.52
	Labour	Lee Cheuk-yan	93,047	43.28
	Nonpartisan	Frederick Fung Kin-kee	12,509	5.82
	Nonpartisan	Ng Dick-hay	1,650	0.77
	Nonpartisan	Judy Tzeng Li-wen	1,307	0.61
Majority			13,410	6.24
Total valid votes			214,970	100.00
Rejected ballots			1,552
Turnout			216,522	44.45
Registered electors			487,160
	Nonpartisan gain from Nonpartisan		Swing

March 2018 Kowloon West by-election^[8]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	DAB	Vincent Cheng Wing-shun	107,479	49.91
	Nonpartisan	Yiu Chung-yim	105,060	48.79
	Nonpartisan	Jonathan Tsoi Tung-chau	2,794	1.30
Majority			2,419	1.12
Total valid votes			215,333	100.00
Rejected ballots			1,562
Turnout			216,895	44.31
Registered electors			489,451
	DAB gain from Youngspiration		Swing

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Vote share

  DAB (18.84%)

  BPA (17.84%)

  DG (13.69%)

  Civic (11.59%)

  Democratic (9.34%)

  Youngspiration (7.40%)

  PPI (7.25%)

  ADPL (5.52%)

  Third Side (4.83%)

  LSD (2.44%)

  Politihk SS (0.34%)

  PVP (0.24%)

  HKLP (0.14%)

  Other (0.53999999999999%)

2016 Legislative Council election: Kowloon West
List		Candidates	Votes	%	±
Quota			46,479	16.67
	DAB	Ann Chiang Lai-wan Chris Ip Ngo-tung, Samuel Chan Wai-ming, Terence Siu Tin-hung, Allen Cheung Tak-wai	52,541	18.84 (16.67+2.17)	–1.57
	BPA (KWND)	Leung Mei-fun Leung Man-kwong, Cho Wui-hung, Kacee Ting Wong, Leung Yuen-ting, Chan Kwok-wai	49,745	17.84 (16.67+1.17)	+2.95
	Democracy Groundwork	Lau Siu-lai	38,183	13.69	N/A
	Civic	Claudia Mo Man-ching Joshua Li Chun-hei	32,323	11.59	–4.75
	Democratic	Wong Pik-wan Ramon Yuen Hoi-man, Joshua Fung Man-tao, Chau Man-fong	26,037	9.34	–6.18
	Youngspiration	Yau Wai-ching	20,643	7.40	N/A
	PPI	Wong Yuk-man, Ma Yu-sang	20,219	7.25	–9.37
	ADPL	Tam Kwok-kiu, Yeung Yuk, Wong Wing-kit	15,383	5.52	–7.68
	Third Side	Tik Chi-yuen, Wong Chun-long, Pang Yi-ting, Chen Lihong	13,461	4.83	N/A
	LSD	Avery Ng Man-yuen	6,811	2.44	N/A
	Politihk SS	Kwan San-wai, Ko Chi-keung	938	0.34	N/A
	Nonpartisan	Augustine Lee Wing-hon, Foo Wai-lok	874	0.31	N/A
	Pioneer of Victoria Park	Chu Siu-hung	680	0.24	N/A
	Independent	Lam Yi-lai, Au Wing-ho	634	0.23	–0.14
	HKLP	Jonathan Ho Chi-kwong	399	0.14	N/A
Total valid votes			278,871	100.00
Rejected ballots			4,883
Turnout			283,754	58.13	+4.24
Registered electors			488,129

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Vote share

  DAB (20.41%)

  People Power (16.62%)

  Civic (16.34%)

  Democratic (15.52%)

  KWND (14.89%)

  ADPL (13.20%)

  Other (3.02%)

2012 Legislative Council election: Kowloon West
List		Candidates	Votes	%	±
Quota			46,416	20.00
	DAB	Chiang Lai-wan Chris Ip Ngo-tung, Vincent Cheng Wing-shun, Chan Wai-ming, Lam Sum-lim	47,363	20.41 (20.00+0.41)	+1.51
	People Power	Wong Yuk-man Yim Tat-ming, Chau Tsun-kiu, Lau Tit-wai	38,578	16.62	−1.58
	Civic	Claudia Mo Man-ching Joe Wong Tak-chuen	37,925	16.34	+7.94
	Democratic	Wong Pik-wan Cheung Man-kwong, Li Yiu-kee, Yuen Hoi-man, Chong Miu-sheung	36,029	15.52	+1.12
	KWND	Leung Mei-fun Yang Wing-kit, Wai Hoi-ying, Leung Man-kwong	34,548	14.89	+5.29
	ADPL	Tam Kwok-kiu, Liu Sing-lee, Rosanda Mok Ka-han, Wong Chi-yung, Austen Ng Po-shan	30,634	13.20	−4.00
	Independent	Wong Yee-him	3,746	1.61	N/A
	Ind. democrat	Wong Yat-yuk	2,399	1.03	N/A
	Awakening Association	Lam Yi-lai, Simon Ho Ka-kuen, Au Wing-ho, Lee Ka-wai	859	0.37	+0.07
Total valid votes			232,081	100.00
Rejected ballots			3,952
Turnout			236,033	53.89	+9.12
Registered electors			437,968

2010 Kowloon West by-election^[9]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	LSD	Wong Yuk-man	60,395	67.77
	Nonpartisan	Pamela Peck Wan-kam	16,640	18.67
	Tertiary 2012	Wong Weng-chi	3,429	3.85
	Nonpartisan	Chiang Sai-cheong	3,109	3.49
	Nonpartisan	Shea Kai-chuen	2,517	2.82
	Nonpartisan	Kenneth Cheung Kam-chung	1,869	2.10
	Nonpartisan	Lam Yi-lai	1,069	1.20
	Nonpartisan	Kwok Shiu-ming	91	0.10
Majority			43,755	49.10
Total valid votes			89,119	100.00
Rejected ballots			2,682
Turnout			91,801	21.13
Registered electors			434,519
	LSD hold		Swing

2000s

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Vote share

  DAB (18.9%)

  LSD (18.2%)

  ADPL (17.2%)

  Democratic (14.4%)

  Civic (8.4%)

  Liberal (6.3%)

  Other (16.6%)

2008 Legislative Council election: Kowloon West[10]
List		Candidates	Votes	%	±
Quota			41,317	20.00
	DAB	Starry Lee Wai-king Chung Kong-mo, Chan Wai-ming, Vincent Cheng Wing-shun	39,013	18.88	−8.25
	LSD	Wong Yuk-man Lee Wai-yee	37,553	18.18	N/A
	ADPL	Frederick Fung Kin-kee Rosanda Mok Ka-han, Tsung Po-shan, Wong Chi Yung, Yeung Chun-yu	35,440	17.16	−2.89
	Democratic	James To Kun-sun Lam Ho-yeung	29,690	14.37	−12.22
	Nonpartisan	Priscilla Leung Mei-fun Edward Leung Wai-keun, Aaron Lam Ka-fai	19,914	9.64	N/A
	Civic	Claudia Mo Man-ching, Ng Yuet-lan, Tang Chi-ying	17,259	8.35	N/A
	Liberal	Michael Tien Puk-sun, Ho Hin-ming	13,011	6.30	N/A
	Nonpartisan	Lau Chin-shek	10,553	5.11	N/A
	Independent	Tam Hoi-pong	1,603	0.78	N/A
	Nonpartisan	Francis Chong Wing-charn	1,076	0.52	N/A
	SDA	James Lung Wai-man, Bantawa Sukra	591	0.29	N/A
	Nonpartisan	Lam Yi-lai	590	0.29	N/A
	Nonpartisan	Lau Yuk-shing, Nandeed Cheung Kit-fung, David Tsui	290	0.14	N/A
Total valid votes			206,583	100.00
Rejected ballots			1,182
Turnout			207,765	47.18	−7.56
Registered electors			440,335

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Vote share

  DAB (27.1%)

  Democratic (26.6%)

  ADPL (26.4%)

  Other (19.9%)

2004 Legislative Council election: Kowloon West[11]
List		Candidates	Votes	%	±
Quota			56,924	25.00
	DAB	Jasper Tsang Yok-sing Chung Kong-mo, Starry Lee Wai-king	61,770	27.13 (25.00+2.13)	+3.59
	Democratic	James To Kun-sun Chan Ka-wai, Lam Ho-yeung, Ma Kee	60,539	26.59 (25.00+1.59)	−14.68
	ADPL	Frederick Fung Kin-kee	45,649	20.05	−15.14
	Nonpartisan	Lau Chin-shek	43,460	19.09	N/A
	ADPL	Liu Sing-lee	13,452	5.91	N/A
	Nonpartisan	Lau Yuk-shing, Leung Suet-fong, Lau Po-kwan	1,824	0.80	N/A
Turnout			227,694	54.74	+12.60
Total valid votes			227,694	100.00
Rejected ballots			2,368
Turnout			230,062	54.74	+12.60
Registered electors			420,259

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Vote share

  Democratic (41.3%)

  ADPL (35.2%)

  DAB (23.5%)

2000 Legislative Council election: Kowloon West[12]
List		Candidates	Votes	%	±
Quota			44,550	25.00
	Democratic (CTU)	Lau Chin-shek, James To Kun-sun	73,540	41.27 (25.00+16.27)	−13.75
	ADPL	Frederick Fung Kin-kee Liu Sing-lee	62,717	35.19 (25.00+10.19)	+15.95
	DAB	Jasper Tsang Yok-sing Chung Kong-mo, Pun Kwok-wah, Wong Wai-chuen	41,942	23.54	+1.77
Total valid votes			178,199	100.00
Rejected ballots			1,447
Turnout			179,646	42.14	–9.09
Registered electors			426,288

See also

• List of constituencies of Hong Kong

References