Kupiansk
Куп'янськ Kupyansk | |
|---|---|
_01.jpg.webp)     | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
  Kupiansk  Kupiansk | |
| Coordinates: 49°43′N 37°35′E / 49.717°N 37.583°E | |
| Country |  Ukraine |
| Oblast |  Kharkiv Oblast |
| Raion |  Kupiansk Raion |
| Founded | 1655 |
| Area | |
| • Total | 33.34 km2 (12.87 sq mi) |
| Population (2022) | |
| • Total | 26,627 |
| • Density | 800/km2 (2,100/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Postal code | 63700-63709 |
| Website | kupyansk |
Kupiansk or Kupyansk (Ukrainian: Куп'янськ, IPA: [ˈkupjɐnʲsʲk]; Russian: Купянск, IPA: [ˈkupʲɪnsk]) is a city in Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine. It serves as the administrative center of Kupiansk Raion. It is also an important railroad junction for the oblast. Kupiansk hosts the administration of Kupiansk urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.[1] It had a population of 26,627 (2022 estimate).[2]
Until 18 July 2020, Kupiansk was incorporated as a city of oblast significance and the center of Kupiansk Municipality. The municipality was abolished in July 2020, as part of administrative reforms in Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions in Kharkiv Oblast to seven. The area of Kupiansk Municipality was merged into Kupiansk Raion.[3][4]
Overview
Kupiansk is located on the bank of the Oskil River. Kupiansk is divided into three subparts, known as: Kupiansk (main part of town), Kupiansk-Vuzlovyi (where the train station is), and Kivsharivka.
Kupiansk is about two and-a-half hours from Kharkiv. The two cities are connected by train and bus.
History
World War II
Kupiansk was occupied during World War II by Nazi Germany from 24 July 1942 to 3 February 1943.
2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
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Kupiansk was occupied by Russian forces from 27 February 2022 to 10 September 2022.[5] Although the Ukrainian Army had destroyed a railway bridge to slow the Russian advance three days earlier, Kupiansk Mayor Hennadiy Matsehora, member of the Opposition Platform — For Life party, surrendered the city to the Russian Army in exchange for a cessation of hostilities, as the Russians threatened to take the city by force. As a result, the Ukrainian government indicted Matsehora for treason the next day.[6][7] On 28 February 2022, Matsehora was arrested by Ukrainian authorities.[8] Later Kupiansk became the de facto seat of Russian-backed Kharkiv military-civilian administration. At Kupiansk town hall, the Ukrainian flag continued to be flown for 6 weeks, and at the medical school for 3 months.[9] Locals were forced to work for the occupation force, paint bridges in the colours of the Russian flag and perform railway repair for alleged salaries that were never paid out.[9]
On 8 September 2022, a representative of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukraine announced that Ukrainian forces had retaken more than 20 settlements in the Kharkiv Oblast and "in some areas penetrated Russian defence positions up to 50km". On the same day, the Russian occupation authorities claimed that "the Russian army began to defend the city" and that "additional reinforcements entered the region from Russia", indicating that Ukrainian forces were re-approaching the city from the west, after retaking the town of Shevchenkove earlier that day.[10] On 9 September 2022, Ukrainian forces re-entered the outskirts of Kupiansk, starting the Battle of Kupiansk. By the morning of 10 September 2022, Ukrainian forces had recaptured the city council building.[11] Later that day, a Ukrainian official confirmed that the Ukrainian Armed Forces had liberated the city.[12] By September 16, Ukrainian Forces liberated Kupiansk-Vuzlovyi, the sister city of Kupiansk located on the left bank of the Oskil River. On 3 March 2023 Ukrainian authorities ordered an evacuation of civilians from the city due to advances of Russian Armed Forces around Kupiansk and Bakhmut.[13]
On September 8, the Armed Forces of Ukraine approached the city, and Russian troops began to withdraw from Kupiansk in the direction of Vovchansk. On September 9, 2022, the Armed Forces of Ukraine reached the administrative boundaries of the city, and on the morning of September 10, 2022, the city was finally liberated from the Russian occupiers, and the Ukrainian flag flew over the city council.[14][15]
After retreating from the city, Russian troops repeatedly shelled it.[16] In particular, the central city hospital, high-rise buildings and a lyceum,[17] the Kupiansk-Vuzlovyi railway station[18] and others were damaged.[19]
Population
Ethnicity and Language
Ethnic makeup of the city as of 2001:[20]
Distribution of the population by native language according to the 2001 census:[21]
| Language | Percentage |
|---|---|
| Ukrainian | 78.03% |
| Russian | 19.59% |
| other/undecided | 2.38% |
Geography
Climate
| Climate data for Kupiansk (1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −1.7 (28.9) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
5.1 (41.2) |
15.3 (59.5) |
22.3 (72.1) |
26.0 (78.8) |
28.1 (82.6) |
27.4 (81.3) |
20.9 (69.6) |
13.0 (55.4) |
4.4 (39.9) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
13.3 (55.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −4.5 (23.9) |
−4.6 (23.7) |
0.8 (33.4) |
9.5 (49.1) |
15.9 (60.6) |
19.7 (67.5) |
21.7 (71.1) |
20.4 (68.7) |
14.5 (58.1) |
8.0 (46.4) |
1.2 (34.2) |
−3.4 (25.9) |
8.3 (46.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −7.3 (18.9) |
−7.8 (18.0) |
−2.8 (27.0) |
4.1 (39.4) |
9.5 (49.1) |
13.7 (56.7) |
15.5 (59.9) |
13.8 (56.8) |
8.8 (47.8) |
3.6 (38.5) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
−6.1 (21.0) |
3.6 (38.5) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 42.9 (1.69) |
41.4 (1.63) |
38.7 (1.52) |
34.7 (1.37) |
48.6 (1.91) |
73.6 (2.90) |
61.5 (2.42) |
39.7 (1.56) |
47.0 (1.85) |
43.8 (1.72) |
45.9 (1.81) |
45.0 (1.77) |
562.8 (22.16) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 9.5 | 8.6 | 8.1 | 6.3 | 7.1 | 8.8 | 7.0 | 5.3 | 7.0 | 6.3 | 7.1 | 8.5 | 89.6 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 83.8 | 81.2 | 76.6 | 65.4 | 61.3 | 65.2 | 64.5 | 64.4 | 70.8 | 77.1 | 84.1 | 85.2 | 73.3 |
| Source: World Meteorological Organization[22] | |||||||||||||
References
- ↑ "Купянская городская громада" [Kupyansk city community] (in Russian). Portal of united communities of Ukraine.
- ↑ Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2022 [Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1, 2022] (PDF) (in Ukrainian and English). Kyiv: State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 July 2022.
- ↑ "Про утворення та ліквідацію районів. Постанова Верховної Ради України № 807-ІХ" [About the formation and liquidation of districts. Resolution of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine No. 807-IX.]. Voice of Ukraine (in Ukrainian). 2020-07-18. Retrieved 2020-10-03.
- ↑ "Нові райони: карти + склад" (in Ukrainian). Міністерство розвитку громад та територій України.
- ↑ "In Kharkiv region, mayor admits to handing over city to occupiers". Pravda. February 27, 2022. Retrieved February 28, 2022.
- ↑ "Mayor of Kupiansk who surrendered his city to invaders indicted for treason". Ukrayinska Pravda. Retrieved 2022-03-22.
- ↑ "In Kharkiv region, mayor admits to handing over city to occupiers". Ukrayinska Pravda. Retrieved 2022-03-22.
- ↑ "Мера Куп'янська, який здав місто окупантам, затримано – джерело" [Mayor of Kupiansk, who surrendered the city to the occupiers, has been detained – source]. LIGA (in Ukrainian). 2022-02-28. Retrieved 2022-03-22.
- 1 2 "Замінували цвинтар, допитували дітей. Як оговтується після нашестя росіян Куп'янськ на Харківщині (фото)" [The cemetery was replaced and the children were interrogated. How Kupiansk recovers after the invasion of Kharkiv in Kharkiv]. LB.ua (in Ukrainian). 15 October 2022. Retrieved 2023-08-15.
- ↑ "Armed Forces of Ukraine advance on Kramatorsk front, killing up to 100 occupiers near Kupiansk General Staff". Yahoo! News. 5 September 2022.
- ↑ @666_mancer (September 10, 2022). "Necro Mancer on Twitter: "#Купянск, Харьковская обл., наши в городе"" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
- ↑ "'Everybody was running away.' Ukrainians in Kharkiv villages describe Russia's retreat". CNN. 12 September 2022.
- ↑ ""Ukraine orders evacuation of city it recaptured (BBC)"". BBC News. 3 March 2023.
- ↑ "ЗСУ підняли український прапор над міською радою у Куп'янську". censor.net. 2022-09-10.
- ↑ "Історія окупації Куп'янська". slidstvo.info.
- ↑ "Ракетний удар по лікарні в Куп'янську: колеги розповіли про загиблого медика". Об'єктив. 2022-10-03.
- ↑ "У Куп'янському районі фіксують наслідки російських артобстрілів 29 листопада". suspilne.media. 2022-11-29.
- ↑ "РФ обстріляла Куп'янськ-Вузловий на Харківщині: пошкоджена залізнична інфраструктура". suspilne.media. 2022-12-04.
- ↑ "Вранці 5 грудня Росія обстріляла Куп'янську громаду: згоріла станція техобслуговування". suspilne.media. 2022-12-05.
- ↑ https://datatowel.in.ua/pop-composition/ethnic-cities
- ↑ https://socialdata.org.ua/projects/mova-2001/
- ↑ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1981–2010". World Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 17 July 2021. Retrieved 18 July 2021.
External links
Media related to Kupiansk at Wikimedia Commons