Official portrait of Mohammad Hatta
Official portrait of Megawati Sukarnoputri
Second-term official portrait of Jusuf Kalla
Official portrait of Ma'ruf Amin
  • Top left: Mohammad Hatta was the first and longest-serving vice president of Indonesia.
  • Top right: Megawati Sukarnoputri is the first female vice president as well as the first and remains the only to be born after 1945.
  • Bottom left: Jusuf Kalla is the first and remains the only to serve two terms as vice president.
  • Bottom right: Ma'ruf Amin is the incumbent vice president of Indonesia since 2019.

The vice president of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Wakil Presiden Republik Indonesia) is the second-highest officer in the executive branch of the Indonesian government, after the president, and ranks first in the presidential line of succession. Since 2004, the president and vice president are directly elected to a five-year term.

The vice presidency was established during the formulation of the 1945 Constitution by the Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Independence (BPUPK), a research body for the preparation of Indonesian independence. On 18 August 1945, the Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence (PPKI), which was created on 7 August to replace the BPUPK, selected Sukarno as the country's first president and Mohammad Hatta as vice president.[1]

Vice presidents

  Independent (1 president, 4 vice presidents)
  Golkar (2 presidents, 6 vice presidents)
  National Awakening Party (1 president)
  Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (2 presidents)
  United Development Party (1 vice president)
  Democratic Party (1 president)
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Term of office Political party President(s)
Took office Left office Time in office
1 Mohammad Hatta
(1902–1980)		 18 August 1945[2]1 December 1956[A] 11 years, 105 days Independent Sukarno
Vacant[B] (1 December 1956 – 23 March 1973)
2 Hamengkubuwono IX
(1912–1988)		 23 March 1973[3]23 March 1978[C] 5 years Independent Suharto
3 Adam Malik
(1917–1984)		 23 March 197811 March 1983[4] 4 years, 353 days Golkar
4 Umar Wirahadikusumah
(1924–2003)		 11 March 198311 March 1988[4] 5 years Golkar
5 Sudharmono
(1927–2006)		 11 March 198811 March 1993[5] 5 years Golkar
6 Try Sutrisno
(born 1935)		 11 March 199311 March 1998 5 years Golkar
7 B. J. Habibie
(1936–2019)		 11 March 199821 May 1998[D] 71 days Golkar
Vacant (21 May 1998 – 21 October 1999)
8 Megawati Sukarnoputri
(born 1947)		 21 October 199923 July 2001[E] 1 year, 275 days Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle Abdurrahman Wahid
Vacant[E] (23–26 July 2001)
9 Hamzah Haz
(born 1941)		 26 July 200120 October 2004 3 years, 86 days United Development Party Megawati Sukarnoputri
10 Jusuf Kalla
(born 1941)		 20 October 200420 October 2009 5 years Golkar Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
11 Boediono
(born 1943)		 20 October 200920 October 2014 5 years Independent
12
(10)		 Jusuf Kalla
(born 1941)		 20 October 201420 October 2019 5 years Golkar Joko Widodo
13 Ma'ruf Amin
(born 1943)		 20 October 2019Incumbent 4 years, 85 days Independent

By age

# Vice president Born Age at start
of vice presidency		 Age at end
of vice presidency		 Post-VP timespan Lifespan
DiedAge
1 Mohammad Hatta 12 August 1902 43 years, 6 days
18 August 1945		 54 years, 111 days
1 December 1956[lower-alpha 1]		 23 years, 165 days 14 May 1980 77 years, 276 days
2 Hamengkubuwono IX 12 April 1912 60 years, 345 days
23 March 1973		 65 years, 345 days
23 March 1978		 10 years, 193 days 2 October 1988 76 years, 173 days
3 Adam Malik 22 July 1917 60 years, 244 days
23 March 1978		 65 years, 232 days
11 March 1983		 1 year, 178 days 5 September 1984 67 years, 45 days
4 Umar Wirahadikusumah 10 October 1924 58 years, 152 days
11 March 1983		 63 years, 153 days
11 March 1988		 15 years, 10 days 21 March 2003 78 years, 162 days
5 Sudharmono 12 March 1927 60 years, 365 days
11 March 1988		 65 years, 364 days
11 March 1993		 12 years, 320 days 25 January 2006 78 years, 319 days
6 Try Sutrisno 15 November 1935 57 years, 116 days
11 March 1993		 62 years, 116 days
11 March 1998		 25 years, 308 days (living) 88 years, 59 days
7 B. J. Habibie 25 June 1936 61 years, 259 days
11 March 1998		 61 years, 330 days
21 May 1998[lower-alpha 2]		 21 years, 113 days 11 September 2019 83 years, 78 days
8 Megawati Sukarnoputri 23 January 1947 52 years, 271 days
21 October 1999		 54 years, 181 days
23 July 2001[lower-alpha 2]		 22 years, 174 days (living) 76 years, 355 days
9 Hamzah Haz 15 February 1941 60 years, 161 days
26 July 2001[lower-alpha 3]		 63 years, 248 days
20 October 2004		 19 years, 85 days (living) 82 years, 332 days
10 Jusuf Kalla 15 May 1941 63 years, 158 days
20 October 2004		 68 years, 158 days
20 October 2009		 5 years, 0 days[lower-alpha 4] (living) 82 years, 243 days
11 Boediono 25 February 1943 66 years, 237 days
20 October 2009		 71 years, 237 days
20 October 2014		 9 years, 85 days (living) 80 years, 322 days
12 Jusuf Kalla 15 May 1941 73 years, 158 days
20 October 2014		 78 years, 158 days
20 October 2019		 4 years, 85 days[lower-alpha 5] (living) 82 years, 243 days
13 Ma'ruf Amin 11 March 1943 76 years, 223 days
20 October 2019		 (incumbent) (incumbent) (living) 80 years, 308 days
# Vice president Born Age at start
of vice presidency		 Age at end
of vice presidency		 Post-VP timespan Lifespan
DiedAge
Ma'ruf AminBoedionoJusuf KallaHamzah HazMegawati SukarnoputriB. J. HabibieTry SutrisnoSudharmonoUmar WirahadikusumahAdam MalikHamengkubuwono IXMohammad Hatta

Notes

  1. ↑ Resigned from office.
  2. 1 2 Succeeded to the presidency.
  3. ↑ Elected by the MPR to fill an intra-term vacancy in the vice presidency.
  4. ↑ Kalla was vice president for two non-consecutive terms; this was his first post vice-presidential retirement between his terms (2009–2014).
  5. ↑ Kalla was vice president for two non-consecutive terms; this was his post vice-presidency retirement counting only from after his second term (from 20 October 2019).

By time in office

RankVice presidentLength
in days		Order of vice presidencyNumber of terms
1Mohammad Hatta 4,123[lower-alpha 1] 1st • 18 August 1945 – 1 December 1956[lower-alpha 2]N/A: Appointed by the Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence, never faced reelection.
2Jusuf Kalla 3,652[lower-alpha 3] 10th • 20 October 2004 – 20 October 2009Two full terms (non-consecutive)
12th • 20 October 2014 – 20 October 2019
3Umar Wirahadikusumah 1,827[lower-alpha 4] 4th • 11 March 1983 – 11 March 1988One full term
4
tie		Hamengkubuwono IX 1,826 2nd • 23 March 1973 – 23 March 1978One full term
Sudharmono 1,826 5th • 11 March 1988 – 11 March 1993One full term
Try Sutrisno 1,826 6th • 11 March 1993 – 11 March 1998One full term
Boediono 1,826 11th • 20 October 2009 – 20 October 2014One full term
8Adam Malik 1,814[lower-alpha 5] 3rd • 23 March 1978 – 11 March 1983One full term
9Ma'ruf Amin 1,546[lower-alpha 6] 13th • 20 October 2019 – IncumbentServing first term
10Hamzah Haz 1,182[lower-alpha 7] 9th • 26 July 2001 – 20 October 2004One partial term (3 years, 2 months, and 24 days)
11Megawati Sukarnoputri 641 8th • 21 October 1999 – 23 July 2001[lower-alpha 8]One partial term (1 year, 9 months, and 2 days)
12B. J. Habibie 71 7th • 11 March 1998 – 21 May 1998[lower-alpha 8]One partial term (2 months and 10 days)

Notes

  1. ↑ Hatta was detained by Dutch troops on 19 December 1948 during Operation Kraai. During this time, the Emergency Government of the Republic of Indonesia, led by Sjafruddin Prawiranegara, acted as the country's government-in-exile until 13 July 1949 (206 days). Hatta became Prime Minister of the United States of Indonesia instead of the Vice President between 27 December 1949 and 15 August 1950 (231 days).
  2. ↑ Resigned from office
  3. ↑ Each of Jusuf Kalla's two non-consecutive terms in office was 1,826 days long.
  4. ↑ Umar Wirahadikusumah's term had two leap days instead of one.
  5. ↑ The 1983 inauguration day was moved from 23 March to 11 March, 12 days shorter than a normal term.
  6. ↑ As of 13 January 2024
  7. ↑ Elected by the MPR to fill an intra-term vacancy in the vice presidency.
  8. 1 2 Succeeded to presidency.

Footnotes

  • A Hatta announced his resignation from office on 26 July 1956, effective on 1 December 1956 and legitimized retroactively on 5 February 1957.[6]
  • B President Sukarno did not name Hatta's successor as vice president. In December 1965, there were calls for a vice president to be named to assist Sukarno with the fallout of the 30 September Movement and General Suharto's attempts to take over the government.[7] It was not until the New Order regime of President Suharto that the vice president post became filled again.
  • C Vice President Hamengkubuwono IX rejected his nomination for Vice President by the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) in March 1978, due to poor health.[8]
  • D Following the 1997 Asian financial crisis, there were calls for Suharto's resignation as president. On 21 May 1998, Suharto resigned from office. Habibie became his successor as the President of Indonesia.[9]
  • E After Abdurrahman Wahid was impeached by the MPR, Vice President Megawati replaced him as President of Indonesia.[10]

See also

References

Specific
  1. ↑ Cribb & Kahin 2004, p. 312
  2. ↑ Cribb & Kahin 2004, p. 171
  3. ↑ Abdulgani-Knapp 2007, p. 91
  4. 1 2 Cribb & Kahin 2004, p. 479
  5. ↑ Abdulgani-Knapp 2007, p. 162
  6. ↑ Cribb & Kahin 2004, p. lii
  7. ↑ Hughes 2002, p. 215
  8. ↑ McIntyre 2005, p. 118
  9. ↑ Vickers 2005, pp. 203–207
  10. ↑ Cribb & Kahin 2004, p. lx
General
  • Abdulgani-Knapp, Retnowati (2007), Soeharto: The Life and Legacy of Indonesia's Second President, Singapore: Marshall Cavendish, ISBN 981-261-340-4, OCLC 155758606.
  • Cribb, Robert; Kahin, Audrey (2004), Historical Dictionary of Indonesia (2nd ed.), Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press, ISBN 0-8108-4935-6, OCLC 53793487.
  • Hughes, John (2002), The End of Sukarno: A Coup That Misfired: A Purge That Ran Wild (3rd ed.), Singapore: Archipelago Press, ISBN 981-4068-65-9, OCLC 52567484.
  • McIntyre, Angus (2005), The Indonesian Presidency: The Shift from Personal Toward Constitutional Rule (3rd ed.), Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield, ISBN 0-7425-3827-3, OCLC 59137499.
  • Suryadinata, Leo (2005), "Indonesia: The Year of a Democratic Election", Southeast Asian Affairs, Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2005: 133–149, doi:10.1355/SEAA-05H, ISSN 0377-5437.
  • Vickers, Adrian (2005), A History of Modern Indonesia: An Enduring Rivalry, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-83493-7, OCLC 60794234.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.