The Assertion of Liberty of Conscience By the Independents at the Westminster Assembly of Divines. Painted by John Rogers Herbert, R.A. (1810-1890)
The members of the Westminster Assembly of Divines, sometimes known collectively as the Westminster Divines, are those clergymen who participated in the Assembly that drafted the Westminster Confession of Faith. The Long Parliament's initial ordinance creating the Westminster Assembly appointed 121 ministers of the Church of England to the Assembly, as well as providing for participation on the part of 30 lay assessors (10 nobles and 20 commoners), as well as six Commissioners representing the Church of Scotland. Of the original 121 divines, approximately 25 never took their seats in the Assembly. The Parliament subsequently added 21 additional ministers to the Assembly (the additions being known to history as the Superadded Divines) to replace those ministers who did not attend, or who had died or become ill since the calling of the Assembly.
Note: In the list below, members of the Assembly without dates beside their names are mainly Royalists who did not take their seats in the Assembly because King Charles I instructed all loyal subjects not to participate in the Westminster Assembly.
Divines
| Dates of Participation | Name | Town | County | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1643–1649 | John Arrowsmith, D. D. (1602–1659) | King's Lynn | Norfolk | Master of St John's College, Cambridge from 1644 |
| 1643–1649 | Simeon Ashe (d. 1662) | Cardiganshire | ||
| 1643–1649 | Theodore Bathurst (c.1587–1651)[1] | Overton Wetsville | Huntingdonshire | |
| 1643–1649 | Thomas Baylie, B. D. (1581/2–1663) | Manningford Bruce | Wiltshire | |
| 1647–1649 | Samuel Bolton (1605/6–1654) | Middlesex | ||
| 1644–1652 | John Bond (1612–1676) | Oxford University | ||
| 1643–1644 | Oliver Bowles,[2] B. D. (c.1577–1644) | Sutton (near Biggleswade) | Bedfordshire | |
| 1643–1649 | William Bridge (1600/01–1671) | Yarmouth | Cumberland | |
| Ralph Brownrigg, D. D. (1592–1659) | Cambridge University | Bishop of Exeter | ||
| Richard Buckley (c.1608–1653) | Anglesey | |||
| 1643–1649 | Anthony Burges (d. 1664) | Sutton Coldfield | Warwickshire | |
| 1643–1649 | Cornelius Burges, D. D. (d. 1665) | Watford | Hertfordshire | |
| 1643–1646 | Jeremiah Burroughs (bap. 1601?, d. 1646) | Stepney | Middlesex | |
| 1643–1652 | Adoniram Byfield (d. 1660) | non-voting scribe | ||
| 1645–1649 | Richard Byfield (bap. 1598, d. 1664) | Surrey | ||
| 1643–1649 | Edward Calamy, B. D. (1600–1666) | London | ||
| Richard Capel (1586–1656) | Pitchcombe | Gloucestershire | ||
| 1643–1645/6 | John Carter (d. 1645/6) | Yorkshire | ||
| 1643–1652 | Thomas Carter[3] (b. c.1585) | Oxford | ||
| 1643–1652 | William Carter (1605–1658) | Dynton | Northumberland | |
| 1643–1652 | Joseph Caryl (1602–1673) | London | of Lincoln's Inn | |
| 1643–1649 | Thomas Case (bap. 1598, d. 1682) | Cheshire | ||
| 1643–1649 | Daniel Cawdrey (1587/8–1664) | Monmouthshire | ||
| 1643–1649 | Humphrey Chambers (bap. 1599?, d. 1662) | Claverton | Somerset | |
| 1643–1649 | Francis Cheynell, D. D. (bap. 1608, d. 1665) | Petworth | Pembrokeshire | |
| 1643–1649 | Peter Clark[4](b. c.1606) | Carnaby | Yorkshire | |
| 1643–1649 | Richard Clayton (1597–1671) | Shawell | Leicestershire | |
| Thomas Clendon (d. 1677) | Carmarthenshire | |||
| Francis Coke (c.1600–1682) | Yoxhall | Staffordshire | ||
| 1643–1646 | Thomas Coleman (1597/8–1646) | Blyton | Lincolnshire | |
| 1643–1652 | John Conant, D. D. (1608–1694) | Lymington | Somerset | |
| 1645–1649 | Edward Corbet (b. 1590/91) | Westmorland | ||
| 1643–1652 | Edward Corbet (1601x3–1658) | Shropshire | of Merton College, Oxford | |
| 1643–1649 | Robert Crosse, B. D. (1604/5–1683) | Oxfordshire | of Lincoln College | |
| 1645–1649 | Philippé Delmé (d. 1653) | |||
| Calybute Downing, D. D. (1606–1644) | Hackney | Middlesex | ||
| William Dunning (b. 1599) | Godalston | |||
| 1645–1652 | John Dury (1596–1680) | Middlesex | ||
| John Earle (1598x1601–1665) | Bishopston | Bristol | became Bishop of Worcester in 1662 and was translated to the See of Salisbury 10 months later | |
| Edward Ellis, B. D. (b. c.1603, d. in or after 1650) | Gilsfield | Montgomeryshire | ||
| 1643 | Daniel Featley, D. D. (1582–1645) | Surrey | of Lambeth | |
| 1645–1649 | Thomas Ford (1598–1674) | Bedfordshire | ||
| 1643–1649 | John Foxcraft[5] (1595–1662) | Gotham | Nottinghamshire | |
| 1643–1649 | Hannibal Gammon (bap. 1582, d. 1650/51) | Maugan | Cornwall | |
| 1643–1649 | Thomas Gataker, B. D. (1574–1654) | Rotherhithe | Carnarvonshire | |
| 1643–1649 | John Gibbon (b. c.1587) | Waltham | ||
| 1643–1649 | George Gibbs (c.1590–1654) | Aylestone | Leicestershire | |
| 1643–1649 | Samuel Gibson (b. c.1580) | Burley | Rutland | |
| 1644–1649 | William Good (b. 1600) | |||
| 1643–1649 | Thomas Goodwin, D. D. (1600–1680) | Cambridgeshire | ||
| 1643–1649 | William Gouge, D. D. (1575–1653) | Derbyshire | of Blackfriars | |
| 1643–1649 | Stanley Gower (bap. 1600?, d. 1660) | Brampton Bryan | Herefordshire | |
| 1643–1649? | John Greene (fl. 1641–1647) | Pencombe | Herefordshire | |
| 1643–1649 | William Greenhill (1597/8–1671) | Stepney | Durham | |
| John Hacket, D. D. (1592–1670) | Radnorshire | of St. Andrew's London; Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry from 1661 | ||
| 1643–1644 | Henry Hall,[6] B. D. (c.1604–1644) | Norwich | Westmorland | |
| Henry Hammond, D. D. (1605–1660) | Penshurst | Kent | ||
| 1644–1649 | Humphrey Hardwick (b. 1602) | |||
| John Harris, D. D. (1587/8–1658) | Monmouthshire | Warden of Winchester College | ||
| 1643–1652 | Robert Harris, B. D. (1580/81–1658) | Hanwell | Oxfordshire | |
| 1643–1649 | Charles Herle (1597/8–1659) | Winwick | Lancashire | |
| 1643–1649 | Richard Heyrick (1600–1667) | Manchester | Lancashire | |
| 1643–1649 | Gaspar Hickes (1605–1677) | Lawrick | Cornwall | |
| Samuel Hildersham[7] (1594?–1674) | Fetton | Shropshire | ||
| 1643–1649 | Thomas Hill, B. D. (d. 1653) | Tickmarsh | Northamptonshire | |
| 1643–1649 | Thomas Hodges[8] (c.1600–1672) | Kensington | ||
| Richard Holdsworth, D. D. (1590–1649) | of Cambridge | |||
| 1643–1649 | Joshua Hoyle, D. D. (bap. 1588, d. 1654) | Cumberland | of Dublin, Ireland | |
| Henry Hutton (d. 1671) | Westmorland | |||
| 1643–1648 | John Jackson[9] (1600–1648) | Marsac | Northumberland | |
| 1646–1652 | Robert Johnston[10] (d. 1670) | Yorkshire | ||
| 1643–1649 | John Langley (d. 1657) | West-Tuderly | Hampshire | |
| William Launce (c.1588–1666) | Harrow | London | ||
| 1643–1649 | John Ley (1584–1662) | Budworth | Cheshire | |
| 1643–1652 | John Lightfoot, D. D. (1602–1675) | Ashley, Staffordshire | Staffordshire | |
| Richard Love, D. D. (1596–1661) | Ekington | Derbyshire | ||
| William Lyford (1597?–1653) | Sherbourne | |||
| 1643–1651 | Jean de la Marche (1585–1651) | Guernsey | of the French Congregations | |
| 1643–1649 | Stephen Marshall, B. D. (1594/5?–1655) | Finchingfield | Essex | |
| 1643–1649 | John Maynard (1600–1665) | Sussex | ||
| 1643–1649 | William Mew, B. D. (1602–1659) | Eastington | Gloucestershire | |
| 1643–1649 | Thomas Micklethwaite[11] (d. 1663) | Cherryburton | ||
| William Moreton (d. 1643) | Newcastle upon Tyne | Durham | ||
| George Morley, D. D. (1598?–1684) | Monmouthshire | of Minden Hall; later he became Bishop of Worcester, then Bishop of Winchester | ||
| 1643–1649 | Matthew Newcomen (d. 1669) | Dedham | Essex | |
| William Nicholson, D. D. (1591–1672) | Carmarthenshire | afterwards Bishop of Gloucester | ||
| Henry Nye (1589–1643) | Clapham | Sussex | ||
| 1643–1652 | Philip Nye (bap. 1595, d. 1672) | Kimbolton | Huntingdonshire | |
| 1643–1644 | Henry Painter (c.1583–1644) | Exeter | Devon | |
| 1643–1647 | Herbert Palmer, B. D. (1601–1647) | Ashwell | Bedfordshire | |
| 1643 | Edward Peale (1583–1645) | Compton | Dorsetshire | |
| 1643–1649 | Andrew Perne (c.1595–1654) | Wilby | Northamptonshire | |
| 1643–1649 | John Philips[12] (c.1585–1663) | Wrentham | Suffolk | |
| 1643–1649 | Benjamin Pickering (fl. 1620–1649) | East Hoatly | Sussex | |
| 1643–1649 | Samuel de la Place (1576/7–1658) | Jersey | of the French Congregations | |
| 1643–1649 | William Price (d. 1666) | of St. Paul's Covent Garden | ||
| 1643–1649 | Nicholas Prophet (c.1599–1669) | Marlborough | Wiltshire | |
| John Pyne (bap. 1600, d. 1678) | Bereferrars | Devon | ||
| 1643–1644 | William Rathbone (d. 1644) | Monmouthshire | ||
| 1643–1652 | William Rayner[13] (c.1595–1666) | Egham | Berkshire | |
| 1643–1649 | Edward Reynolds (1599–1676) | Brampton | Northamptonshire | became Bishop of Norwich at The Restoration (1660) |
| 1643–1649 | Henry Roborough (d. 1649) | non-voting scribe | ||
| 1643–1652 | Arthur Sallaway (b. 1606) | Severn Stoake | Worcestershire | |
| Robert Sanderson, D. D. (1587–1663) | Boothby-Pagnell | Lincolnshire | ||
| 1643–1649 | Henry Scudder (d. 1652) | Colingbourne | Wiltshire | |
| 1643–1649 | Lazarus Seaman, B. D. (d. 1675) | London | ||
| 1643–1649 | Obadiah Sedgwick, B. D. (1599/1600–1658) | Coggeshall | Essex | |
| Josias Shute, B. D. (bap. 1588, d. 1643) | Lombard Street, London | Cardiganshire | ||
| 1643–1652 | Sidrach Simpson (c.1600–1655) | Worcestershire | some sources say he was of London | |
| 1643–1649 | Peter Smith, D. D. (1586–1653) | Barkway | Hertfordshire | also known as Brocket Smith |
| 1643–1649 | William Spurstowe, D. D. (d. 1666) | Hampden | Merioneth | |
| 1643–1649 | Edmund Staunton, D. D. (1600–1671) | Kingston | Surrey | |
| 1643–1652 | Peter Sterry (1613–1672) | London | ||
| 1643–1649 | Matthias Stiles or Styles[14] (1591–1652) | Eastcheap | Oxford University, London | |
| 1644–1652 | John Strickland (bap. 1601?, d. 1670) | Cambridge University | ||
| 1646–1649 | William Strong (d. 1654) | Dorset | ||
| 1643–1649 | Francis Taylor[15] (1589–1656) | Yalding | Kent | |
| 1643–1649 | Thomas Temple,[16] B. D. (c.1601–1661) | Battersey | Brecknockshire | |
| 1643–1649 | Thomas Thorowgood[17] (c.1595–1669) | Massingham | Norfolk | |
| 1643–1649 | Christopher Tesdale (1592–1655) | Uphurstbourne | Hampshire | |
| 1643–1649 | Henry Tozer, B. D. (c.1601–1650) | Glamorganshire | of Oxford | |
| 1643–1649 | Anthony Tuckney, D. D. (1599–1670) | Boston | Lincolnshire | |
| 1643–1646 | William Twisse, D. D. (1577/8–1646) | Newbury | Berkshire | Prolocutor of the Assembly from its beginning until his death |
| James Ussher (1581–1656) | Oxford University | Archbishop of Armagh | ||
| 1643–1649 | Thomas Valentine,[18] B. D. (1586–1665) | Chalfent Giles | Buckinghamshire | |
| 1643–1649 | Richard Vines (1599/1600–1656) | Calcot | Warwickshire | |
| 1643–1649 | George Walker, B. D. (bap. 1582?, d. 1651) | London | ||
| 1643–1649 | John Wallis (1616–1703) | non-voting scribe; also a mathematician | ||
| 1645 | John Ward (d. 1665) | |||
| Samuel Ward, D. D. (1572–1643) | Cambridge University | Master of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge | ||
| 1643–1649 | James Welby (fl. 1643–1649) | Sylatten | Denbighshire | |
| 1643 | Thomas Westfield, D. D. (1573–1644) | Bishop of Bristol | ||
| Francis Whiddon (c.1599–1656/7) | Moretonhampstead | Devon | ||
| 1643–1649 | Jeremiah Whitaker (1599–1654) | Stretton | Rutland | |
| 1643–1648 | John White (1575–1648) | Dorchester | Dorset | |
| 1643–1649 | Henry Wilkinson the younger, B. D. (1610–1675) | Stepney | London | of St. Dunstan's |
| 1643–1647 | Henry Wilkinson the elder, B. D. (1566–1647) | Waddesden | Buckinghamshire | |
| 1643–1649 | Thomas Wilson (c.1601–1653) | Otham | Kent | |
| 1643–1647 | John Wincop,[19] D. D. (c.1602–1647) | Elesworth | of St Martin-in-the-Fields | |
| 1643–1649 | Francis Woodcock (1614–1649×51) | Durham | ||
| 1643–1649 | Thomas Young (c.1587–1655) | Stowmarket | Suffolk |
Lay Assessors
Nobles
| Dates of Participation | Name |
|---|---|
| 1643–1649 | William Cecil, 2nd Earl of Salisbury (1591–1668) |
| Edward Conway, 2nd Viscount Conway (bap. 1594, d. 1655) | |
| 1644–1646 | Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex (1591–1646) |
| Basil Feilding, 2nd Earl of Denbigh (c.1608–1675) | |
| 1643–1649 | William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele (1582–1662) |
| William Grey, 1st Baron Grey of Werke (1593/4–1674) | |
| 1643–1649 | Philip Herbert, 4th Earl of Pembroke (1584–1650) |
| 1643–1649 | Edward Howard, 1st Baron Howard of Escrick (d. 1675) |
| 1643–1649 | Edward Montagu, 2nd Earl of Manchester (1602–1671) |
| 1643–1649 | Algernon Percy, 10th Earl of Northumberland (1602–1668) |
| Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland (1591–1668) | |
| c.1644–1649 | Robert Rich, 2nd Earl of Warwick (1587–1658) |
| Oliver St John, 1st Earl of Bolingbroke (c.1584–1646) | |
| 1643–1649 | Philip Wharton, 4th Baron Wharton (1613–1696) |
Commoners
| Dates of Participation | Name | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 1644 | Sir Thomas Barrington (c.1585–1644) | |
| 1643–1647 | John Clotworthy, 1st Viscount Massereene (d. 1665) | |
| 1643–1649 | John Cooke (bap. 1608, d. 1660) | one of the regicides |
| 1643–1649 | Sir John Evelyn (1601–1685) | |
| 1643?–1649 | Nathaniel Fiennes (1607/8–1669) | |
| 1643?–1649 | Sir Gilbert Gerard (1587–1670) | |
| 1643?–1649 | Sir John Glynne (1603–1666) | |
| 1644–1649 | Sir Robert Harley (bap. 1579, d. 1656) | |
| 1643–1649 | Arthur Haselrig (1601–1661) | |
| 1644–1649 | William Masham (1615/16–1654/5) | |
| 1643?–1649 | Sir John Maynard (1602–1690) | |
| 1643–1649 | William Pierrepont (1607/8–1678) | |
| 1643–1649 | Edmond Prideaux (1601–1659) | |
| 1643–1649 | Sir Robert Pye (bap. 1585, d. 1662) | |
| 1643 | John Pym (1584–1643) | |
| 1644–1649 | Sir Robert Reynolds (1600/01–1678) | |
| 1643–1649 | Francis Rous (1580/81–1659) | |
| 1643–1649 | Sir Benjamin Rudyerd (1572–1658) | |
| 1643–1649 | Oliver St John (c.1598–1673) | |
| 1643–1649 | Humphrey Salwey (c.1575–1652) | |
| 1643–1649 | John Selden (1584–1654) | |
| 1645 | William Strode (bap. 1594, d. 1645) | |
| 1644?–1649 | Zouch Tate (1606–1650) | |
| 1643–1649 | Sir Henry Vane the Younger (1613–1662) | |
| 1643–1649 | Sir Henry Vane the Elder (1589–1655) | |
| 1643–1649 | William Wheeler (c.1601–1666) | |
| 1643–1645 | John White (1590–1645) | |
| 1643–1649 | Bulstrode Whitelocke (1605–1675) | |
| John Wilde (1590–1669) | ||
| Walter Yonge (bap. 1579, d. 1649) |
Scottish Commissioners
Ministers
| Dates of Participation | Name |
|---|---|
| 1643–1647 | Robert Baillie (1602–1662) |
| Robert Blair (1593–1666) | |
| Robert Douglas (1594–1674) | |
| 1643–1647 | George Gillespie (1613–1648) |
| 1643–1645 | Alexander Henderson (c.1583–1646) |
| 1643–1647 | Samuel Rutherford (c.1600–1661) |
Elders
| Dates of Participation | Name |
|---|---|
| 1646 | Archibald Campbell, 1st Marquess of Argyll (1605x7–1661) |
| 1644–1646 | John Campbell, 1st Earl of Loudoun (1598–1662) |
| 1644–1647 | John Elphinstone, 2nd Lord Balmerino (d. 1649) |
| 1645 | Sir Charles Erskine of Alva (d. 1663) |
| 1644–1646 | Archibald Johnston, Lord Warriston (bap. 1611, d. 1663) |
| John Kennedy, 6th Earl of Cassilis (1601x7–1668) | |
| 1643–1648 | John Maitland, Viscount Maitland (1616–1682) |
| Robert Meldrum (fl. 1620–1647) | |
| 1647 | George Winram, Lord Liberton (d. 1650) |
References
Notes
- ↑ The rector of Orton Waterville, which was then in Huntingdonshire, and now is part of Orton, Cambridgeshire in the Peterborough area, at the time was Theodore Bathurst ("Bathurst, Theodore (BTRT602T)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.), otherwise known for a Latin translation made c.1608 of Edmund Spenser's The Shepheardes Calender. The original parliamentary summons is, though, to Theophilus Bathurst, of Orton Watervile..
- ↑ "Bowles, Oliver (BWLS593O)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.; author of De Pastore Evangelico Tractatus .
- ↑ "Carter, Thomas (CRTR604T)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
- ↑ "Clark, Peter (CLRK622P)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
- ↑ "Foxcroft, John (FKST611J)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
- ↑ "Hall, Henry (HL620H)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
- ↑ "Samuel Hildersham (HLDN609S)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
- ↑ "Hodges, Thomas (HGS620T)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
- ↑ "Jackson, John (JK613J)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
- ↑ "Johnson, Robert (JHN620R)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
- ↑ "Mickelthwaite, Thomas (MKLT591T)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
- ↑ "Philip, John (PHLP600J)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
- ↑ "Rayner, William (RNR611W)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
- ↑ "Matthias Stiles (STLS614M)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.; his church was St George Botolph Lane until 1645, when he was sequestered.
- ↑ "Taylor, Francis (TLR605F)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
- ↑ "Temple, Thomas (TML627T)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
- ↑ "Thurgood, Thomas (THRT611T2)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
- ↑ "Valentine, Thomas (VLNN603T)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
- ↑ "Whinncopp, John (WHNP618J)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
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