| English: Hymn to the Flag | |
|---|---|
 | |
National anthem of  Albania | |
| Lyrics | Asdreni, 1912 |
| Music | Ciprian Porumbescu, ext. 1883 |
| Adopted | 28 November 1912 |
| Audio sample | |
U.S. Navy Band instrumental version (one verse)
| |
"Himni i Flamurit" (transl. "Hymn to the Flag") is the national anthem of Albania, adopted in 1912. Its music is derived from the Romanian patriotic song "Pe-al nostru steag e scris Unire", composed by Ciprian Porumbescu.[1] The lyrics, which are close to the original Romanian lyrics, were written by Albanian poet Asdreni. The anthem was originally titled "Betimi mbi Flamur" ("The Pledge on the Flag").[2]
History
On 21 April 1912, "Betimi mbi Flamur" was first published as a poem in Liri e Shqipërisë (Freedom of Albania), an Albanian newspaper in Sofia, Bulgaria. It was later printed in a volume of poems by Drenova titled Ëndra e lotë (Dreams and tears) which was published in Bucharest. According to Lasgush Poradeci's memoirs, the anthem, created by the adaptation of the text to the music, was not originally intended to be a national anthem, but it was so well liked by the people that it was proclaimed as the national anthem in 1912, and it was with its music that the Albanian flag was raised during the Albanian Proclamation of Independence in Vlore.[2]
Music
A Hungarian musicologist, György Ligeti, opined that the music composed by Porumbescu is rooted in Germanic and Austrian musical traditions, though this is not a definitive groundbreaking explanation of its influence and later creation. It is a view based on Porumbescu's musical education, since he had studied at the University of Music and Performing Arts, Vienna. The view has been shared by Albanian musicologist, Ramadan Sokoli.[2]
Lyrics
The second half of each verse is considered refrain and is repeated. Usually only the first stanza of the anthem is performed, such as during sporting events.
Official lyrics
| Albanian original[3][4][lower-alpha 1] | IPA transcription[lower-alpha 2] | English translation |
|---|---|---|
I |
1 |
I |
In other alphabets
Albanian alphabet has historically been written in a number of different alphabets.[lower-alpha 8]
| Bashkimi alphabet | Istanbul alphabet | Agimi alphabet |
|---|---|---|
I |
I |
I |
Notes
- ↑ Apostrophes represent the elision of word-final ë's, and representation of this among different sources varies.
- ↑ See Help:IPA/Albanian and Albanian phonology.
- ↑ Atij ("it") is sometimes replaced with atje ([a.tjɛ]; "there"),[5] and duke u is sometimes written duk' iu,[6][3] duk' ju[7][8] or similar.
- 1 2 Po ("but") is sometimes written por,[9][5] an ancestral form.[10]
- ↑ Alongside the standard form vend ("place") one can also find the variant vënd,[11][5] found in most Tosk dialects, with which the lyrics were originally written, as evidenced by the now lost rhyme with kënd.
- ↑ Për ("for") is sometimes written pë,[3][7] and atdheun ("homeland") is sometimes written atdhenë.[7][12]
- ↑ Only when the first verse alone is performed.
- ↑ See Albanian alphabet and its references.
References
- ↑ "Himni kombëtar". 2009-10-26. Archived from the original on October 26, 2009. Retrieved 2013-03-25.
- 1 2 3 Tole, Vasil. "Edhe një herë rreth himnit tonë kombëtar". Retrieved 17 November 2014.
- 1 2 3 "Himni I Flamurit". teksteshqip. Archived from the original on 2019-08-19. Retrieved 2019-08-19.
- ↑ Canco, Dhimitër (1999). Epiri: vështrim historik dhe etnografik (in Albanian). Botimet Toena. ISBN 978-99927-1-180-4.
- 1 2 3 Italy. Esercito. Corpo di stato maggiore. Ufficio propaganda (1941). Per te, solidato d'Albania (in Italian). p. 41.
- ↑ Shkurtaj, Gjovalin; Hysa, Enver (2001). Gjuha shqipe për të huajt dhe shqiptarët jashtë Atdheut (in Albanian). Botimet Toena. p. 274. ISBN 978-99927-1-454-6.
- 1 2 3 Albania (2002). Fletorja zyrtare e Republikës së Shqipërisë: botim i Kuvendit Popullor (in Albanian). Kuvendi. p. 1427.
- ↑ Dako, Christo Anastas (1920). Mjeshtërija për të mësuarë gjuhën Anglisht (in Albanian). p. 86.
- ↑ Demo, Constantine A. (1960). Shqipëtarët Në Amerikë: Imigrantët E Parë. Society "Fatbardhësia" of Katundi. p. 95.
- ↑ Makartsev, Maxim (2020-12-11). "Grammaticalization of Progressive Aspect in a Slavic Dialect in Albania". Journal of Language Contact. 13 (2): 428–458. doi:10.1163/19552629-bja10012. ISSN 1955-2629. S2CID 234549830.
- 1 2 "Hymni Shqiptar [Albanian Anthem]". Albcan.ca (in Albanian). Shoqata Bashkesia Shqiptaro Kanadeze [Albanian Canadian Community Association]. Archived from the original on 2018-09-04. Retrieved 2019-08-19.
- ↑ Canco, Dhimitër (1999). Epiri: vështrim historik dhe etnografik (in Albanian). Botimet Toena. p. 92. ISBN 978-99927-1-180-4.
External links
