Lucian Bernhard in 1955.[1]

Lucian Bernhard (March 15, 1883 – May 29, 1972) was a German graphic designer, type designer, professor, interior designer, and artist during the first half of the twentieth century.

Career

Bernhard's attention-grabbing poster for Priester matches (c. 1906).[lower-alpha 1] Bernhard reduced advertising to a minimal picture and a wordmark in wobbly bold lettering. The style became very influential.[1]


He was influential in helping create the design style known as Plakatstil (Poster Style), which used reductive imagery and flat-color as well as Sachplakat ('object poster') which restricted the image to simply the object being advertised and the brand name. He was also known for his designs for Stiller shoes, Manoli cigarettes, and Priester matches.[3]

Though he studied briefly at the Akademie in Munich, he was largely self-taught. He moved to Berlin in 1901 where he worked as a poster designer and art director for magazines. In 1920, he became a professor at the Akademie der Künste until 1923, when he emigrated to New York City. In 1928, he opened the Contempora Studio with Rockwell Kent, Paul Poiret, Bruno Paul, and Erich Mendelsohn where he worked as a graphic artist and interior designer. In Germany, Bernhard's typefaces were initially favored by the Nazi Party, but were later banned under the mistaken assumption that he was Jewish (largely due to his Jewish-sounding birth name).[4] Later in life, Bernhard worked primarily as a painter and sculptor until his death on May 29, 1972.[5]

Personal life

He was born in Cannstatt, now a district of Stuttgart, Germany, on March 15, 1883, as Emil Kahn, but changed his name to his more commonly known pseudonym in 1905. His first name is often spelled Lucien.

Lucian Bernhard was the father of the photographer Ruth Bernhard.

References

  • Rollins, Carl Purlington American Type Designers and Their Work. in Print, V. 4, #1.
  • Jaspert, W. Pincus, W. Turner Berry and A.F. Johnson. The Encyclopedia of Type Faces. Blandford Press Lts.: 1953, 1983. ISBN 0-7137-1347-X.
  • MacGrew, Mac, "American Metal Typefaces of the Twentieth Century," Oak Knoll Books, New Castle Delaware, 1993, ISBN 0-938768-34-4.
  • Friedl, Ott, and Stein, Typography: an Encyclopedic Survey of Type Design and Techniques Throughout History. Black Dog & Levinthal Publishers: 1998. ISBN 1-57912-023-7.
  1. 1 2 3 Heller, Steven. "Lucien Bernhard". AIGA. Retrieved 6 September 2017.
  2. ↑ Philip B. Meggs; Alston W. Purvis (14 April 2016). Meggs' History of Graphic Design. John Wiley & Sons. p. 266. ISBN 978-1-119-13620-0.
  3. ↑ "Lucien Bernhard". Schoolnet.Uk. Archived from the original on 2010-08-06. Retrieved 2010-03-09.
  4. ↑ Heller (2008), Iron Fists: Branding the 20th-Century Totalitarian State, p. 50.
  5. ↑ Friedl, Ott, and Stein, pp. 124–5.
  1. ↑ Different sources give 1905 or 6.[2][1]

See also

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