Ethinylestradiol/norethisterone
Combination of
EthinylestradiolEstrogen
NorethisteroneProgestogen
Clinical data
Trade namesAlyacen, Aranelle, Balziva, others
Other namesEE/NET
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa601050
Routes of
administration		By mouth
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
  • None
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)

Ethinylestradiol/norethisterone (EE/NET), or ethinylestradiol/norethindrone, is a combination birth control pill which contains ethinylestradiol (EE), an estrogen and norethisterone (NET), a progestin.[1] It is used for birth control, symptoms of menstruation, endometriosis, and menopausal symptoms.[1][2] Other uses include acne.[1] It is taken by mouth.[1] Some preparations of EE/NET additionally contain an iron supplement in the form of ferrous fumarate.[3]

Side effects can include nausea, headache, blood clots, breast pain, depression, and liver problems.[2] Use is not recommended during pregnancy, the initial three weeks after childbirth, and in those at high risk of blood clots.[2][4] It, however, may be started immediately after a miscarriage or abortion.[4] Smoking while using combined birth control pills is not recommended.[5] It works by stopping ovulation, making the uterus not suitable for implantation, and making the mucus at the opening to the cervix thick.[4]

This combination pill was approved for medical use in the United States in 1964.[6] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[7] It is available as a generic medication.[8] It is marketed under a large number of brand names.[9] In 2020, it was the 45th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 14 million prescriptions.[10][11]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Ethinyl estradiol and norethindrone (HRT) medical facts from Drugs.com". www.drugs.com. Archived from the original on 24 December 2016. Retrieved 23 December 2016.
  2. 1 2 3 World Health Organization (2009). Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR (eds.). WHO Model Formulary 2008. World Health Organization. p. 365. hdl:10665/44053. ISBN 9789241547659.
  3. ↑ Editor in Chief, Richard J. Hamilton MD FAAEM FACMT FACEP (30 April 2020). Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2020 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning. pp. 347–. ISBN 978-1-284-40304-6. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  4. 1 2 3 "Brevinor Tablets - Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) - (eMC)". www.medicines.org.uk. Archived from the original on 24 December 2016. Retrieved 23 December 2016.
  5. ↑ "Estrogen-Progestin Combinations". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 23 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
  6. ↑ Haussman, Melissa (2013). Reproductive Rights and the State: Getting the Birth Control, RU-486, Morning-after Pills and the Gardasil Vaccine to the U.S. Market. ABC-CLIO. p. 72. ISBN 9780313398223. Archived from the original on 24 December 2016.
  7. ↑ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  8. ↑ Hamilton, Richart (2015). Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 353. ISBN 9781284057560.
  9. ↑ "Alyacen 1/35 (birth control) medical facts from Drugs.com". www.drugs.com. Archived from the original on 24 December 2016.
  10. ↑ "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
  11. ↑ "Ethinyl Estradiol; Norethindrone - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
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