P43
Wooden model of P43
TypeHeavy tank/Medium tank
Place of origin Italy
Production history
DesignedApril 1943
Specifications
MassOver 29 tonnes (33 short tons)
Length8.16 m (26 ft 9 in)
Width3.04 m (10 ft)
Height2.24 m (7 ft 4 in)
Crew5
Armor80-100 mm (frontal) 50mm (lateral)
Main
armament
1x Ansaldo Cannone da 90/42 (?) 64 rounds
EngineV12 Diesel
420 hp
Power/weight14 hp/t
Maximum speed 40 km/h (25 mph)

The P.43 was a proposed Italian heavy tank (P=pesante; in english: heavy) designed in April 1943,[1]. It never left the planning stage and was developed parallel to the P26/40 tank; however there was a prototype at the end of summer 1943.

Features

The P43 or P 30/43 was developed by FIAT and Ansaldo simultaneously with the P26/40, of which it was supposed to be a heavier version. The vehicle was planned to have weighed at least 30 tons and would have mounted an engine of 420 hp. The gun was the same as the P.26 - the 75/34 mm cannon. While it was still in the design phase, it was proposed to use the 90/42 gun derived from anti-aircraft Cannone da 90/53,[2][3] or the 105/25 mm cannon mounted on the Semovente da 105/25 instead.[4]

P43 bis

Model of P43 bis

A photograph of P43 as a wooden model exists (probably on a smaller scale) along with other models of P40 and P43 bis, 30 tons with cannon that looks like it could be a lighter version of the 90/53 piece. In the same picture, there is a model of a German Panther version slightly smaller and with what is likely a 90/53 cannon. It is possible that the Germanic part stigmatized the P43 as a plagiarism of the Panther tank (that Italy had received blueprints for the production in license). It seems that this model has received the abbreviation P43 bis (perhaps for the observed inability to get quickly to the production of the P43 with a piece of 90 mm).

This overlap of studies can be originated either by news from the Russian front on the new Soviet medium tank T-34/85 of 32 tons and with 85 mm cannon (derived from the anti-aircraft gun) or by the availability of data and drawings of the German Panther.

According to various publications the engines should have been these:

  • P26/40 diesel engine of 330 Hp then replaced in production for one to 420 hp gasoline.
  • P30/43 or P43 420/430 hp V12 diesel engine.
  • P.43 bis (gun 90/42 mm) the same engine 420/430 hp.
  • P.35/43 or second P43 bis (Panther reduction) of 35 tons with gun 90/53 or 90/42 mm and 470/480 HP engine copied from the engine of the Russian T-34.

Frontal protection of 80/100 mm would guarantee equal performance with the machines designed by other nations, such as the Russian 1944 IS-2 of 46 tons (which was 122 mm), the Tiger I of 57 tons and higher than the Panther of 45 tons, which was 80 mm.

In the under photo can be seen the front of the P43

However the P43 was only made in a prototype in 1943.

The P43 was the pinnacle of Italian tank design during WW2. The Italians goal with this vehicle was to create a somewhat equivalent of the Panther and Tiger tanks used by their Allie’s.This tank’s design was obviously a natural progression of the P40. The tank only reached the wooden mock-up stage. However, the proposed armaments for the tank did exist in sufficient numbers. Two cannons looked at for the tank as its main armament. The first was the 90/53 mod.41 cannon already found in the tech tree on the M41M. The second was the 105/25 M43 cannon found on the M43.A lightened version of the 90mm was chosen to be used as it had better anti tank performance and was a lighter cannon. This likely would have similar penetration values as the current SPG, with its best round at point blank range penetrating 158mm of armor.The engine used was a similar design to the P40, but was the 420HP SPA 8 cylinder diesel engine. This was to be used with the same suspension design used on the P40 and M43 vehicles.The frontal armor of the vehicle was said to be 80-100mm thick and 50mm on the sides. It is likely 80mm thick sloped on the front to conserve weight as the vehicle was proposed to weigh 33 tons. This weight and engine power gives it a ratio of 12.7 HP per ton. Using the same track width as the P40, one would expect similar mobility.The Italian army and authorities ordered 150 units of P43 heavy tanks to be produced before June 1944, while at the same time the number of P40 tanks was reduced from 1200 to only 500 units because the P40 tank was considered to be obsolete. Historyforce[5]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ "Tank Archives: Heavy Tank, Italian Style". Tank Archives. 2019-11-02. Retrieved 2019-11-12.
  2. ↑ "november 2008".
  3. ↑ "Тяжёлый танк по-итальянски". warspot.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-11-12.
  4. ↑ Cesare Falessi, Benedetto Parfi, Veicoli da combattimento dell'Esercito Italiano dal 1939 al 1945Intyrama books, 1976, pagg. 83-84
  5. ↑ Historyforce: P43

Bibliography

  • Filippo Cappellano & Pier Paolo Battistelli, Italian Medium Tanks 1939–45, Osprey Publishing, 1998
  • Cesare Falessi, Benedetto Pafi, Veicoli da combattimento dell'Esercito Italiano dal 1939 al 1945, Intyrama books, 1976.
  • Ralph A. Riccio, Nicola Pignato, Marcello Calzolari; Carri Armati e Veicoli da Combattimento Italiani della Seconda Guerra Mondiale, 2010
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