Politics of France
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This article contains a list of political parties in France.

France has a multi-party political system: one in which the number of competing political parties is sufficiently large as to make it almost inevitable that, in order to participate in the exercise of power, any single party must be prepared to negotiate with one or more others with a view to forming electoral alliances and/or coalition agreements.

The dominant French political parties are also characterised by a noticeable degree of intra-party factionalism, making each of them effectively a coalition in itself.

Up until recently, the government of France had alternated between two rather stable coalitions:

• on the centre-left, one led by the Socialist Party and with minor partners such as The Greens and the Radical Party of the Left.
• on the centre-right, one led by The Republicans (and previously its predecessors, the Union for a Popular Movement, Rally for the Republic) and the Union of Democrats and Independents.

This was the case until the 2017 presidential election, when Emmanuel Macron of the centrist La République En Marche! defeated Marine Le Pen of the far-right National Rally in the second round. This was the first time in which a third party had won the presidency, as well as the first time that neither of the major coalitions had appeared in the second round of a presidential election. This was followed shortly by a significant victory for LREM in the 2017 legislative election, winning a majority of 350 seats. Both the traditional coalitions suffered major defeats.

In the 2022 presidential election, the same scenario repeated, with Emmanuel Macron being again victorious. Both traditional parties (Socialist Party and The Republicans) scored less than 5% each, with Jean-Luc Mélenchon's La France Insoumise emerging as the dominant left-wing party, ranking third in the first round.

The National Rally (previously known as the National Front before a name change in 2018) has also experienced significant successes in other elections. Since 2014, the party has established itself as a major party in France, finishing in first place in the 2014 and 2019 European elections as well as in the 2015 local elections,^[1] though the party failed to win government in any regions due to the last-ditch alliance between the centre-left and the centre-right coalitions in Hauts-de-France and Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur.^[2]

Elected parties

Regional parties with national representation

Territory	Party		Abbr.	National coalition	Leader or chair	Députés	Senators	MEPs	Presidency of regional councils	Presidency of departmental councils	Political position	Ideology
Corsica		Femu a Corsica	Femu	LT	Gilles Simeoni	2 / 4	1 / 2	1 / 79	1 / 1		Centre	Corsican nationalism, Corsican autonomism
New Caledonia		Caledonia Together	CE	UDI	Philippe Gomès	1 / 2	0 / 2	0 / 79	0 / 1		Centre-right	Anti-separatism, progressivism, protectionism, environmentalism, Christian democracy
French Polynesia		Tapura Huiraatira	TH	Ensemble	Édouard Fritch	0 / 3	1 / 2	0 / 79	0 / 1		Centre-right	Liberalism, autonomism, anti-independence
Guadeloupe		United Guadeloupe, Solidary and Responsible	GUSR	LREM	Guy Losbar	0 / 4	2 / 3	0 / 79	1 / 1		Centre-left	Social democracy, social liberalism, autonomism
French Guiana		Guiana Rally	GR	LREM	Rodolphe Alexandre	0 / 2	1 / 2	0 / 79	0 / 1		Centre
Réunion		For Réunion	PLR	GDR, NUPES	Huguette Bello	2 / 7	1 / 348	0 / 79	0 / 1		Left-wing	Post-Marxism, social democracy, regionalism
Saint Pierre and Miquelon		Cap sur l'avenir		LREM	Annick Girardin	0 / 1	1 / 1	0 / 79	0 / 1		Centre-left	Classical radicalism
French Polynesia		Tavini Huiraatira	TH	GDR	Oscar Temaru	3 / 3	0 / 2	0 / 79	1 / 1		Left-wing	French Polynesian independence, social democracy, democratic socialism, progressivism
Corsica		Party of the Corsican Nation	PNC	LT	Jean-Christophe Angelini	1 / 4	0 / 2	0 / 79	0 / 1		Left-wing	Corsican nationalism, left-wing nationalism, social democracy
Martinique		Péyi-A		GDR	Jean-Philippe Nilor, Marcelin Nadeau	2 / 4	0 / 348	0 / 79	0 / 1		Left-wing	Post-Marxism, separatism
Réunion		Rézistans Equality 974	RÉ974	FI group, NUPES	Jean-Hugues Ratenon	2 / 7	0 / 348	0 / 79	0 / 1		Left-wing	Social democracy, regionalism
Picardy[lower-alpha 1]		Picardie debout		FI group, NUPES	François Ruffin	1 / 10	0 / 348	0 / 79	0 / 1	0 / 3	Far-left	Anti-capitalism, protectionism, left-wing souverainism, left-wing populism, participatory democracy, eco-socialism
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur		League of the South	LS	RN group	Jacques Bompard	1 / 20	0 / 348	0 / 79	0 / 1	0 / 5	Far-right	National conservatism, souverainism, identitarian, anti-globalization, regionalism, patriotism, localism, Poujadism, liberal conservatism
Saint Pierre and Miquelon		Archipelago Tomorrow	AD	RDSE	Gérard Grignon	1 / 1	0 / 1	0 / 79	0 / 1		Centre-right	Christian democracy, Social conservatism
Corsica		Bonapartist Central Committee	CCB	Horizons group	André Villanova	1 / 4	0 / 2	0 / 79	0 / 1		Centre-right	Ajaccio localism, Corsican regionalism, Bonapartism, Conservatism, Constitutional monarchism
Guadeloupe		Progressive Democratic Party of Guadeloupe	PPDG	NUPES	Jacques Bangou	1 / 4	0 / 2	0 / 79	0 / 1		Centre-left to left-wing	Democratic socialism, Post-Marxism, Guadeloupean autonomy
New Caledonia		Générations NC	GNC	Renaissance group	Nicolas Metzdorf	1 / 2	0 / 2	0 / 79	0 / 1		Centre to centre-right	Anti-separatism, Autonomism, Conservative liberalism, Centralism, Ecologism
Martinique		Martinican Progressive Party	PPM	NUPES	Serge Letchimy	1 / 4	0 / 2	0 / 79	0 / 1		Left-wing	Progressivism, Democratic socialism, Autonomism
Martinique		Eko Zabym	EK	LIOT	Olivier Serva	1 / 4	0 / 2	0 / 79	0 / 1			localism
French Guiana		Decolonization and Social Emancipation Movement	MDES	NUPES	Fabien Canavy	1 / 2	0 / 2	0 / 79	0 / 1		Far-left	Guianese nationalism, Anti-colonialism,Marxism
Réunion		Le Progrès	LP	NUPES		1 / 7	0 / 4	0 / 79	0 / 1		Left-wing	Social democracy
Réunion		For Réunion	PLA	NUPES	Huguette Bello	2 / 7	1 / 2	0 / 79	0 / 1		Left-wing	Post-Marxism, Democratic socialism
Saint Martin		Saint-Martinois Rally	RSM	NUPES	Huguette Bello	1 / 1	1 / 2	0 / 79	1 / 1		Left-wing	Autonomism
New Caledonia		The Rally		The Republicans	Thierry Santa	0 / 2	1 / 2	0 / 79	0 / 1		Right-wing	Anti-separatism, Gaullism, Conservatism, Liberal conservatism, Christian democracy
French diaspora		Solidarity alliance of French people abroad	ASFE	The Republicans	Évelyne Renaud-Garabedian	0 / 11	2 / 6	0 / 79	0 / 1		Centre-right to Right-wing
French Guiana		New Force of Guyana	NFG	RDPI	Marie-Laure Phinéra-Horth	0 / 2	1 / 2	0 / 79	0 / 1		Left-wing
New Caledonia		Caledonian Union	UC	CRCE-Kanaky, Ensemble Citoyens	Daniel Goa	0 / 2	1 / 2	0 / 79	0 / 1		Centre-left	Separatism, Melanesian socialism, Christian left
French Polynesia		Ia Ora te Nuna'a		RDPI, Ensemble Citoyens	Teva Rohfritsch	0 / 3	1 / 2	0 / 79	0 / 1		Centre to Centre-right	French Polynesian autonomy Anti-independence
Guadeloupe		Guadeloupean Federation of the Socialist Party	FGPS	NUPES	Olivier Nicolas	1 / 4	1 / 3	0 / 79	0 / 1	0 / 1	Centre-Left	Democratic socialism, Progressivism, Social democracy, Social-ecology, Pro-Europeanism
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes		The Localists	LL	National Rally	Hervé Juvin	0 / 577	0 / 348	1 / 79	0 / 1		Right-wing	Identitarian movement
Brittany		Breton Democratic Union	UBD		Lydie Massard & Pierre-Emmanuel Marais	0 / 577	0 / 348	1 / 79	0 / 1	0 / 4	Left-wing	Autonomism, Environmentalism, Pro-Europeanism

Non-elected parties

French Revolution

• Jacobin Club (Centre-left to left-wing)
  • Girondist (Centre-left)
  • Maraisards (Syncretic)
  • Montagnards (Radicalism)
• Cordeliers Club (Left-wing to far-left)
  • Hébertistes (Far-left)
• Feuillants Club
• Enragés (Far-left)
• Monarchiens (Centre to centre-right)
• Club de Clichy (Right-wing)
• Bonapartists (1815)

Historical parties

• Bonapartists (1815, 1851–1889)
• Socialist Party of France (1902)
• French Socialist Party (1902)
• French Socialist Party (1919)
• Socialist Party of France – Jean Jaurès Union
• French Section of the Workers International
• Democratic Republican Alliance
• Union of the Democratic Forces (1958–1960)
• French Agrarian and Farmer Party (PAPF; 1927–1939)
• Agrarian and Social Republican Party (PRAS; 1936–1940)
• Farmers' Social Union Party (1945–1951)
• The New Democrats (2020–2022)

Political parties in French overseas possessions

• List of political parties in French Guiana
• List of political parties in French Polynesia
• List of political parties in Guadeloupe
• List of political parties in Martinique
• List of political parties in Mayotte
• List of political parties in New Caledonia
• List of political parties in Reunion
• List of political parties in Saint Barthélemy
• List of political parties in the Collectivity of Saint Martin
• List of political parties in Saint-Pierre and Miquelon
• List of political parties in Wallis and Futuna

See also

• Liberalism and radicalism in France
• Lists of political parties

Notes

References