IntroductionThe Mesozoic PortalThe Mesozoic Era is the second-to-last era of Earth's geological history, lasting from about 252 to 66 million years ago, comprising the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous Periods. It is characterized by the dominance of gymnosperms and of archosaurian reptiles, such as the dinosaurs; a hot greenhouse climate; and the tectonic break-up of Pangaea. The Mesozoic is the middle of the three eras since complex life evolved: the Paleozoic, the Mesozoic, and the Cenozoic. The era began in the wake of the Permian–Triassic extinction event, the largest well-documented mass extinction in Earth's history, and ended with the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, another mass extinction whose victims included the non-avian dinosaurs, pterosaurs, mosasaurs, and plesiosaurs. The Mesozoic was a time of significant tectonic, climatic, and evolutionary activity. The era witnessed the gradual rifting of the supercontinent Pangaea into separate landmasses that would move into their current positions during the next era. The climate of the Mesozoic was varied, alternating between warming and cooling periods. Overall, however, the Earth was hotter than it is today. Dinosaurs first appeared in the Mid-Triassic, and became the dominant terrestrial vertebrates in the Late Triassic or Early Jurassic, occupying this position for about 150 or 135 million years until their demise at the end of the Cretaceous. Archaic birds appeared in the Jurassic, having evolved from a branch of theropod dinosaurs, then true toothless birds appeared in the Cretaceous. The first mammals also appeared during the Mesozoic, but would remain small—less than 15 kg (33 lb)—until the Cenozoic. Flowering plants appeared in the Early Cretaceous and would rapidly diversify throughout the end of the era, replacing conifers and other gymnosperms (sensu lato), like Ginkgoales, cycads and Bennettitales as the dominant group of plants. (Full article...) Selected article on the Mesozoic world and its legaciesAlioramus were bipedal like all known theropods, and their sharp teeth indicate that they were carnivores. Known specimens were smaller than other tyrannosaurids like Tarbosaurus bataar and Tyrannosaurus rex, but their adult size is difficult to estimate since both species are known only from juvenile or sub-adult remains. The genus Alioramus is characterized by a row of five bony crests along the top of the snout, a greater number of teeth than any other genus of tyrannosaurid, and a lower skull than other tyrannosaurids. (see more...) Selected article on the Mesozoic in human science, culture and economicsJurassic Park is a 1993 American science fiction adventure film directed by Steven Spielberg. It is the first installment of the Jurassic Park franchise. It is based on the 1990 novel of the same name by Michael Crichton, with a screenplay written by Crichton and David Koepp. The film centers on the fictional Isla Nublar, an islet located off Central America's Pacific Coast, near Costa Rica Nicaragua border, where a billionaire philanthropist and a small team of genetic scientists have created a wildlife park of cloned dinosaurs. Following an extensive $65 million marketing campaign, which included licensing deals with 100 companies, Jurassic Park grossed over $900 million worldwide in its original theatrical run. It surpassed Spielberg's 1982 film E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial to become the highest-grossing film until Titanic (1997). Jurassic Park was well received by critics, who praised its special effects and Spielberg's direction but criticized the script. The film won more than 20 awards (including 3 Academy Awards), mostly for its visual effects. Jurassic Park is considered by many to be one of the greatest films of the 1990s and in some cases of all time, as well as a landmark in the vector of visual effects regarding its computer-generated imagery and animatronics. Jurassic Park was followed by two sequels, The Lost World: Jurassic Park and Jurassic Park III, both of which were box office successes but received mixed critical responses. A third sequel, Jurassic World, is set for release on June 12, 2015. (see more...) Selected image
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Related portalsTopicsGeochronology - Triassic (Early - Middle - Late) - Jurassic (Early - Middle - Late) - Cretaceous (Early - Late) Mesozoic landmasses - Pangaea - Gondwana - Laurasia - Africa - North America - South America - Antarctica - Asia - Australia - Europe - Appalachia - Laramidia Major Mesozoic events - Mesozoic Marine Revolution - Carnian Pluvial Event - Triassic-Jurassic extinction event - Toarcian turnover - Cretaceous Terrestrial Revolution - Western Interior Seaway anoxia - Chicxulub impact - Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event Triassic biota appearances - Belemnites - Crickets - Dinosaurs - Earwigs - Ichthyosauromorphs - Pseudosuchians - Pterosaurs - Sauropterygians - Testudinates Jurassic biota appearances - Ammonitids - Ankylosaurs - Avialans - Caecilians - Carnosaurs - Caudates - Ceratopsians - Ceratosaurs - Coelurosaurs - Cryptodires - Dromaeosaurids - Equisetum - Frogs - Horse-flies - Lepidopterans - Lizards - Mammals - Ornithopods - Pterodactyloids - Sauropods - Snakeflies - Stegosaurs - Tyrannosauroids Cretaceous biota appearances - Abalones - Anglerfishes - Ants - Bees - Catfishes - Copepods - Cormorants - Crocodilians - Flowering plants - Fowls - Geckos - Hadrosauroids - Hermit crabs - Lobsters - Mosasaurs - Ornithomimosaurs - Oviraptorosaurs - Pachycephalosaurs - Requiem sharks - Sea turtles - Snakes - Squids - Stingrays - Therizinosaurs Fossil sites - Berlin–Ichthyosaur State Park - Petrified Forest National Park - Dinosaur National Monument - Dinosaur Valley State Park Stratigraphic units - Chinle Formation - Elliot Formation - Ischigualasto Formation - Kimmeridge Clay - Morrison Formation - Oxford Clay Formation - Solnhofen lithographic limestone - Tendaguru Formation - Crato Formation - Dinosaur Park Formation - Djadochta Formation - Hell Creek Formation - Niobrara Formation - Two Medicine Formation - Wessex Formation - Yixian Formation History - History of paleontology - Timeline of paleontology - Timeline of ankylosaur research - Timeline of ceratopsian research - Timeline of ceratosaur research - Timeline of dromaeosaurid research - Timeline of hadrosaur research - Timeline of ichthyosaur research - Timeline of plesiosaur research - Timeline of stegosaur research - Timeline of tyrannosaur research Researchers - William Buckland - Edward Drinker Cope - Jack Horner - Othniel Charles Marsh - Gideon Algernon Mantell - John Ostrom - Sir Richard Owen - Harry Govier Seeley - Samuel Wendell Williston Culture - Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology - Vertebrate Paleontology - Walking with Dinosaurs - Jurassic Park Quality ContentFeatured Mesozoic articles - Bone Sharps, Cowboys, and Thunder Lizards - Bone Wars - Edward Drinker Cope - Geology of the Capitol Reef area - Geology of the Death Valley area -Geology of the Grand Canyon area - Geology of the Zion and Kolob canyons area Good Mesozoic articles - Chitinozoan - Coal ball - Dimetrodon - History of paleontology - Evolutionary history of life - Ornatifilum - Opabinia - Paleontology- Schinderhannes - Small shelly fauna - Temnospondyli - Tiktaalik - Waptia Subcategories Mesozoic Mesozoic by continent Mesozoic geochronology Mesozoic events Fiction set in the Mesozoic Mesozoic geology Mesozoic life Mesozoic paleogeography Mesozoic paleontological sites Mesozoic portals Mesozoic stubs Things you can do
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