Pramodhawardhani (also known as Çrī Kahulunnan or Çrī Sanjiwana) was the queen consort of King Rakai Pikatan (r. 838-850) of Mataram Kingdom in 9th century Central Java. She was the daughter of Sailendran king Samaratungga (r. 812—833).[1]: 108 

Pramodhawardhani
Çrī Kahulunnan
Çrī Sanjiwana
Queen Consort of Mataram
Reignc. 847 – 856
SpouseRakai Pikatan Dyah Saladu
IssueRakai Kayuwangi Dyah Lokapala
HouseShailendra
FatherKing Samaratungga
ReligionMahayana Buddhism

Her royal marriage to Pikatan, the prince of the Sanjaya dynasty, was believed as the political reconciliation between Buddhist Sailendra and with Hindu Sanjaya dynasties.

Sojiwan Buddhist temple, dedicated for the queen mother Sanjiwana, which identified as Pramodhawardhani.

She was credited for the inauguration of Borobudur and the construction of several Buddhist temples in Prambanan Plain; among others the small pervara temples in Sewu compound, Plaosan, and Sajiwan Buddhist temples. Her name was mentioned in several inscriptions, such as the Karangtengah inscription, Tri Tepusan inscription, and Rukam inscription. Tri Tepusan inscription dated 842 mentioned about the sima (tax-free) lands awarded by Çrī Kahulunnan to ensure the funding and maintenance of a Kamūlān called Bhūmisambhāra (Borobudur),[2] while the Rukam inscription dated 829 Saka (907 CE) mentioned about the inauguration of Rukam village restoration by Nini Haji Rakryan Sanjiwana, previously the village was being devastated by a volcanic eruption, and the obligation of Rukam village inhabitants to take care of a sacred building located in Limwung. This sacred building was identified as the Sajiwan temple.

According to the interpretation of Loro Jonggrang legend, Pramodhawardhani's likeness was the model for Durga's image in the Prambanan temple.

Notes

  1. ↑ Coedès, George (1968). Walter F. Vella (ed.). The Indianized States of Southeast Asia. trans.Susan Brown Cowing. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-0368-1.
  2. ↑ Drs. R. Soekmono (1988) [1973]. Pengantar Sejarah Kebudayaan Indonesia 2, 2nd ed (5th reprint ed.). Yogyakarta: Penerbit Kanisius. p. 46.
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